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Correct option is: (b) Business

Correct option is: (c) 12,000

(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).

Answer is : (d) The sub-units are subordinate to the central government.

Answer is : (b) Business

Correct option is: (a) It is based on shifting cultivation

Answer is : (a) Both Assertion (A) and Reasoning (R) are true and Reasoning (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).

Answer is : (a) It is based on shifting cultivation

Features of Mixed Economy: 

1. Ownership of Property and Means of Production: The means of production and properties are owned by both private and public. Public and Private have the right to purchase, use or transfer their resources.

2. Coexistence of Public and Private Sectors: In mixed economies, both private and public sectors coexist. Private industries undertake activities primarily for profit. Public sector firms are owned by the government with a view to maximize social welfare.

3. Economic Planning: The central planning authority prepares the economic plAnswer: National plans are drawn up by the Government and both private and public sectors abide. In general, all sectors of the economy function according to the objectives, priorities and targets laid down in the plan.

4. Solution to Economic Problems: The basic problems of what to produce, how to produce, for whom to produce and how to distribute are solved through the price mechanism as well as state intervention.

5. Freedom and Control: Though private has freedom to own resources, produce goods and services and distribute the same, the overall control on the economic activities rests with the government.

1. Transfer payments are not to be included in estimation of national income as these payments are not received for any services provided in the current year such as pension, social insurance etc. 

2. The receipts from the sale of second hand goods should not be treated as part of national income as they do not create new flow of goods or services in the current year.

3. Windfall gains such as lotteries are also not to be included as they do not represent receipts from any current productive activity.

4. Corporate profit tax should not be separately included as it has been already included as a part of company profit.

The Expenditure Method (Outlay method): The total expenditure incurred by the society in a particular year is added together. To calculate the expenditure of a society, it includes personal consumption expenditure, net domestic investment, government expenditure on consumption as well as capital goods and net exports.

Symbolically,

GNP = C + I + G + (X – M)

C – Private consumption expenditure 

I – Private Investment Expenditure 

G – Government expenditure 

X – M = Net exports

B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

A. Under employment

C. A is true but R is false.

A higher exchange rate tends to reduce net exports, reducing aggregate demand. A lower exchange rate tends to increase net exports, increasing aggregate demand. Foreign price levels can affect aggregate demand in the same way as exchange rates.

Given:

Three numbers are 126% and 130% and 260%

Calculation

Let the fourth number = x

According to the question,

First number = x + x × (126/100) = 2.26x

Second number = x + x × (130/100) = 2.30x

Third number = x + x × (260/100) = 3.60x

So, The ratio of first, second and third number = 2.26x ∶ 2.30x ∶ 3.60x = 113 ∶ 115 ∶ 180

∴ The ratio of first, second and third number is 113 ∶ 115 ∶ 180 

x² - 4ax - b² + 4a² = 0

⇒ x² - 4ax + 4a² - b² = 0

⇒ (x - 2a)² - b² = 0 (\(\because\) a² - 2ab + b² = (a - b)²)

⇒ (x - 2a - b) (x - 2a + b) = 0 (\(\because\) a² - b² = (a - b) (a + b))

⇒ (x - 2a - b) or x - 2a + b = 0

⇒ x = 2a + b or x = 2a - b

Hence, solution of given quadratic equation are x = 2a + b and x = 2a - b.

Let the number be x. 

Then, x - 36 = 86 - x 

2x = 86 + 36 = 122 

x = 61. 

Hence, the required number is 61. 

Let the number be x. 

Then, 7x - 15 = 2x + 10 

=> 5x = 25 

=>x = 5. 

 Hence, the required number is 5.

Given:

Initial quantity of mixture = 30 litres

Initial ratio of alcohol and water = 3 : 2

Amount of mixture removed = 20 litres

Amount of alcohol added = 15 litres

Amount of water added = 10 litres

Calculations:

Let the initial quantity of alcohol and water be 3x and 2x respectively.

After removal of 20 litres of mixture,

Remaining quantity of mixture = 30 – 20

⇒ 10 litres

∵ Ratio of alcohol and water will remain same after removal of mixture,

3x + 2x = 10

⇒ 5x = 10

⇒ x = 2

Now, remaining amount of alcohol in the mixture = 3x

⇒ 3 × 2

⇒ 6 litres

Remaining amount of water in the mixture = 2x

⇒ 2 × 2

⇒ 4 litres

After addition of 15 litres of alcohol and 10 litres of water,

New amount of alcohol = 6 + 15

⇒ 21 litres

New amount of water = 4 + 10

⇒ 14 litres

Ratio of new amount of alcohol to new amount of water = 21 : 14

⇒ 3 : 2

∴  The ratio of alcohol and water in the new mixture = 3 : 2

Properties electric field lines.

1. Field lines starts from positive charges and end at negative charges. 

2. In a charge free region electric field lines can be taken to be continuous curves without any breaks. 

3. Two field lines can never cross each other. 

4. Electrostatic field lines do not form any closed loops.

1. विद्युत क्षेत्र रेखा या विद्युत बल रेखा के किसी बिंदु पर खींची गई स्पर्श रेखा , उस बिन्दु पर विद्युत क्षेत्र की दिशा को व्यक्त करती है।
अर्थात विद्युत क्षेत्र के किसी बिंदु पर विद्युत क्षेत्र सदिश की दिशा ज्ञात करने के लिए उस बिन्दु पर निरूपित विद्युत क्षेत्र रेखा पर रेखा खींची जा सकती है और रेखा की परिणामी दिशा , विद्युत क्षेत्र (उस बिंदु पर) की दिशा होगी।
2. विद्युत बल रेखाएं धनावेश से शुरू होकर ऋणावेश पर समाप्त हो जाती है।
3. एकल आवेश (एक ही आवेश) उपस्थित है तो क्षेत्र रेखाएं अनंत से शुरू होती है और अनन्त पर ही समाप्त होती हुई प्रतीत होती है।
4. एक विलगित धनावेश के कारण विद्युत क्षेत्र रेखाएँ त्रिज्यत बाहर की तरफ तथा ऋणावेश के कारण क्षेत्र रेखाएं त्रिज्यत अंतर की तरफ होती है।
5. दो विद्युत क्षेत्र रेखा कभी एक दूसरे को नहीं काटती है क्योंकि यदि ये एक दूसरे को काटे तो कटान बिंदु पर दोनों वक्रों पर खींची गयी स्पर्श रेखा दो परिणामी विद्युत क्षेत्रों को व्यक्त करती है जो की वास्तविकता में सम्भव नहीं है।
अतः दो बल रेखाओ का आपस में कटान संभव नहीं है।
6. विद्युत बल रेखाएं खुले वक्र के रूप में होती है क्योंकि ये रेखाएं धन आवेश से शुरू होती है तथा ऋण आवेश पर समाप्त होती है।
7. किसी भी आवेश से शुरू या समाप्त होने वाली बल रेखाओ की संख्या उस आवेश के परिमाण के समानुपाती होती है अर्थात जितनी ज़्यादा रेखाएं उतना ही अधिक परिमाण का आवेश।
8. किसी स्थान पर विद्युत क्षेत्र के लंबवत रखे एकांक क्षेत्रफल से गुजरने वाली बल रेखाओं की संख्या उस स्थान पर विद्युत क्षेत्र की तीव्रता के तुल्य (समानुपाती) होती है।  अर्थात क्षेत्र रेखाएं जितनी पास पास होती है क्षेत्र उतना ही अधिक प्रबल होता है और यदि बल रेखाएं दूर दूर है तो विद्युत क्षेत्र दुर्बल है।
9. एक क्षेत्र रेखा जिस बिंदु आवेश से प्रारम्भ होती है उसी आवेश पर समाप्त नहीं होती है।  विद्युत क्षेत्र रेखाएं कभी भी बंद लूप में नहीं होती।

(c) Bracket series

Correct answer is (d) Dispersion

(d) (5, -1, 1)

The correct answer is : (b) x = 0

The correct answer is : (c) y = 1

X-rays are a type of radiation called electromagnetic waves. X-ray imaging creates pictures of the inside of your body. The images show the parts of your body in different shades of black and white. This is because different tissues absorb different amounts of radiation.

(b) 2 i Im (z)

Correct option:

(a) 4, 2 

(A) Statement – 1 is True, Statement – 2 is True; Statement – 2 is a correct explanation for Statement – 1.

The range of the data is the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value in the data.

Maximum value = 30
Minimum value = 9

So, Range = 30 - 9 = 21