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r to calculate the total pressure of a mixture of two or more gases, we NEED to use the IDEAL gas EQUATION formula,                                                           PV = nRT where N stands for the number of moles. Since it is a mixture of gases, we need to add the moles of Oxygen and hydrogen in order to GET the total moles present in the mixture and therefore we can calculate the total pressure of the mixtureP = 12.45 Pa

of IONISATION” enthalpies as given, “Li” < “B” < “Be” < “C” < “O” < “N” < “F” < “Ne”  (i) ELECTRONIC configuration of Beryllium Be is Electronic configuration of Boron B is From the electronic configuration, we can see that the last electron of Be is in 2s while last electron of B is in 2p. It means “2s electron” in Beryllium is “strongly attracted” by the nucleus than “2p electron” in the Boron. Energy REQUIRED to remove 2s electron is higher than removing the 2p electron.  Therefore, the Ionisation enthalpy of Beryllium is higher than Boron. (II) Electronic configuration of Oxygen is Electronic configuration of Nitrogen is Electronic configuration of Flourine is Due to decreasing atomic size ionisation enthalpy increases when we move toward RIGHT. Half-filled and fully filled orbitals have more stability that is why Nitrogen and Fluorine are more stable than Oxygen and it is difficult to remove an electron from Nitrogen and Fluorine than Oxygen. Hence, Oxygen has lower ionisation enthalpy than Nitrogen and Fluorine.

alculating the value of the CONCENTRATION is taken as 1 for the solid.“DALTON law” of “PARTIAL PRESSURE” states that the Observed Pressure is equal to the “sum of Pressure” of the gases.Given, Observed Pressure = 1.12 atm“Pressure of Ammonia” + “Pressure of HYDROGEN sulphide” = Observed Pressure“Pressure of Ammonia” + “Pressure of Hydrogen sulphide” = 1.12 atm

is 15.362* 10'23

lowing reaction takes place in the test tube i) When Aluminium is treated with dilute HYDROCHLORIC acid. ii) When Aluminium is treated with dilute sodium hydroxide solution. In both the cases the Hydrogen atoms are evolved. So, when a BURNING match stick is brought near the test tube we HEAR a pop sound. Aluminium does not react with concentrated nitric acid. A "LAYER" of "Aluminium Oxide" is formed, when aluminium reacts with the nitric acid because "nitric acid" is an oxidising AGENT. Due to the "layer" of “Aluminium oxide”, nitric acid cannot react with the “inner aluminium metal”.

us HF molecule will not give the F IONS, DUE to the "covalent nature" of "HF molecule", i.e., it has Strong hydrogen bonds. Hence, "Aluminium trifluoride" is INSOLUBLE in "anhydrous HF". NaF molecule gives the F ions, due to its IONIC nature. These ions combines with Aluminium trifluoride and FORMS "Sodium hexa flouro aluminate (III)". When the gaseous is passed through the solution of Sodium hexa flouro aluminate (III), precipitation of Aluminium triflouride takes place. Since Boron has a higher tendency than Aluminium to form complexes due to its small size and higher electro negativity.

r to calculate standard Gibbs free energy of formation of carbon disulphide, we can calculate it from the Gibbs Helmholtz equation. ACCORDING to the QUESTION, standard enthalpy of formation is GIVEN and the ENTROPY of carbon, S, CS2 is also given. Now, we can calculate the Gibbs free energy is as follows ∆G=∆H-T∆S: [Gibbs Helmholtz equation]Calculating ∆S rxn =∆S products - ∆S reactants ∆G =∆G =65,264 J

m's size decreases across the PERIOD. So, the "ionization ENERGY" of elements "increases" as we move towards right from left in the "Periodic table". Due to the increased "nuclear charge", the valence electrons move "closer to the nucleus" of the atom when moving from "left to right". This MAKES the "force of attraction" between the "nucleus" and "electrons" to increase, so that to "REMOVE an electron" from the "valence shell" more energy is required. Hence, the ionization energy of "'d' BLOCK elements" is "higher" than the Group 2 elements.

rahedral geometry of Ammonia is,In the structure of Ammonia , the atom "N" is surrounded by "three (N-H) bond" PAIRS and only one "lone pair" of ELECTRON on the N atom. The "NUMBER of BONDING electrons" is more as compared to "lone pair" of electron, therefore, "repulsion" shown by one "lone pair" in is very less towards the three bond pairs. Hence, the "bond angle is 107°", nearer to "normal tetrahedral" "bond angle of 109°".The tetrahedral geometry of is given below.In this structure of , O atom is surrounded by the two O-H bond pairs and two lone pair of electrons. Therfore, repulsion is stronger between the bond and the lone pairs. Bond pairs is repelled "more" by the "lone pairs" which RESULTS in the decrease of "bond angle to 104°".Both the Ammonia and water have the tetrahedral geometry, but they have different bond angles. Hence, bond angle of "water" is less than "Ammonia".

r to calculate the shortest and the longest wavelength of Lyman series we need to USE the Rydberg formula. The shortest wavelength will be the longest line in the Lyman series which is having the highest energy SOURCE energy since wavelength and energy are inversely proportional to each other. Similarly, the longest wavelength of Lyman series will be the shortest line which is having the MINIMUM energy. The longest wavelength will be the transition from n = 1 to n = 2 and the shortest wavelength will be the transition from n = 1 to n = infinity Shortest WAVE length 1/ λ λLongest Wavelength, λ

a path function but is changed into STATE function. Sometimes, when heat is absorbed by the system, it is INDEPENDENT of the path. There are TWO CONDITIONS where heat is independent of path. i) At constant Volume By the FIRST law of thermodynamics, we have Since volume is constant, which implies ∆V = 0,   , Which is the change in internal energy.  ii) At Constant Pressure   But, we have Which is the change in enthalpy.

ce of an isotope can be calculated as follows :LET abundance of isotope with ATOMIC mass Z+2 is XTHEN abundance of isotope Z-1 is 1-x(Z+2) x + (Z-1)(1-x) = ZSolving we get x=1/3Therefore abundance of Z+2 is = (1/3)*100=33.33 %And abundance of Z-1 is = 1-33.33 =67.66 %THEREFOR isotope with atomic mass Z-1 is higher in % abundanceHope It Helps.Please Mark As Brainliest

ctron is said to be present in one of the "3D ORBITALS". Thus, (a) The "principal quantum number" 'n' is 3. This value is same for every electron irrespective of the orbital to which the electron belongs. (b) The "Azimuthal quantum number" 'l' is 2. This value tells the SUB level in which the electron is located in. (c) The "magnetic quantum number" is (-2,-1, 0, 1, 2). The "number of orbitals" and their "ORIENTATION" is determined by the "magnetic quantum number".

rmine: The wavelength of the emitted electron of the hydrogen atomGiven DATA: The energy absorbed by the electron in its ground state The energy required for the electron to escape from the hydrogen atom.Constants: Planck's constant, CHARGE of an electron, Mass of an electron Formulas to be used:1) Ionisation energy of the electron = 13.6  2) Kinetic energy of an electron in terms of potential, 3) Wavelength, Calculations:Step 1:  CALCULATE the kinetic energy of the electron ejected out The incident energy, Step 2: Determine u in terms of   using formula (3)Step 3: REPLACE the u obtained from Step 2 in formula (2)  Step 4: Substitute the known values to determine the wavelength of the emitted electron

have at LEAST one DOUBLE bond and alkynes have at least one triple bond. The most COMMON alkyne is ethyne, BETTER known as acetylene. The generic formula for alkanes is CnH2n+2, where n is the NUMBER identified by the prefix.

are the possitive CHARGE and ANOD is the negative.Hope it will HELP you BRO

rmine: The POTENTIAL required for a beam of electrons to be accelerated so that its wavelength becomes .GIVEN Data:   Constants: Planck's constant, Charge of an electron, MASS of an electron Formulas to be used:1) Kinetic energy of an electron in terms of mass m and speed 'U' of the electron 2) Kinetic energy of an electron in terms of potential, 3) Wavelength, CALCULATION:Step 1: Equating the formulas (1) and (2), and substituting u in terms of     using formula (3) we get

etic molecular THEORY ofgases. explains the laws thatdescribe the BEHAVIOR of gases. ...GAS molecules COLLIDE with one another and with the walls of the container, but these collisions are perfectly ELASTIC; that is, they do not change the average kinetic energy of the molecules.

al which occurs in its METALLIC form either PURE or as an alloy in NATURE is called as pure metal or native metal. The two metals which exist in pure as WELL as Combined form are:1. Silver 2. Copper =>Silver exists in nature as native form and as well as in combined form as AgCl, AG2O , AgNo3 etc=>Copper exist in nature as  native copper and as well as in ,  combined form as Copper sulphide[Cu2S], CuO and Cu2O etc

actually considering that the particles are non-relativistic. The mass of a proton is approximately about 1800 TIMES the mass of an electron Given that, the kinetic energies of the electron and proton are equal, we can use the formula  On simplification we get TAKING square ROOT on both sides, we get Formula for momentum, (p) = mv So, So, The "de Broglie WAVELENGTH" of a particle is "dependent" on its "momentum".  From (1) and (2), we can conclude that the electron's wavelength is AROUND 42 times the proton's wavelength and hence, the electron's wavelength is longer than the proton's wavelength.

e will need to calculate the double bond equivalent for finding the number of bonds in the molecule of Formula to calculate the double bond equivalent isX → Any HalogenHere C = 5, H = 11, X = 1, N = 0So,  As the double bond equivalent is 0, this implies that the compound is saturated and has no unsaturation.The below reaction SUGGESTS that (D) is a terminal alkyne.  This implies that there should be triple bond at the END of the chain.Alkyne (D) with triple bond could be either formula as shown belowAs it is given that alkyne 'D' would yield straight chain alkane on hydrogenation. Thus (I) is the structure of D.Hence, the STRUCTURES of A, B, C and D is the structure of A and it is 'bromopentane' is the structure of B and it is '1-pentene' is the structure of C and it is '2,2-dibromopentane' is the structure of D and it is '1-pentyne'

is a base,PH = 14-2.344 = 11.65b) Ca(OH)2 is a base,POH = POH = -log(0.0081) = 2.09PH = 14-POH =11.91c) NAOH is a base,POH = -log(0.0375) = 1.426PH = 14 - POH = 12.68d) HCL is a STRONG acid,pH = -log([TEX]{1.36\times 10^{-2}}[\tex]) = 1.88

space ship which are in orbit, the objects in it would be in freefall. This means that the only force ACTING on these objects is GRAVITY and there would be no other force (like friction, tension, air resistance ETC.) acting on them because of this free-fall, the objects render themselves as weightless.  THUS in this scenario, surface tension shapes the drops of the drink into spheres.  Each molecule in the DROP is pulled with equal tension by its neighbours. This spherical shape yields the "smallest surface area" per unit "volume" due to surface tension.

a given in the question is that 'A' on ozonolysis yields 2 moles of an ALDEHYDE.  As there are two moles of aldehyde being formed, it denotes that on both sides of the double bond having CARBON ATOMS, there exists identical structural units. This is represented as  XC=CXBut we also know that the molar mass of the aldehyde is 44 u. So, it should be ethanalNow, we need to write two moles of ethanal next to each other such that their oxygen atoms point each other.If we "remove the oxygen" atoms and join the two moles of ethanal by a double bond, we will get the "structure of alkene" 'A' containing 3 C-C, 8 C-H σ-bonds and 1 C-C π -bond.The IUPAC Name of 'A' is But-2-ene.

hatic amine has a MOLECULAR MASS of 59.First, we need to derive the molecular formula for aliphatic amine.The molecular formula of aliphatic amine is As it is GIVEN that the molecular mass of aliphatic amine is 59.So, 12n + 2n + 3 + 14 = 59Substitute n = 3 in the molecular formula and we get,The possible isomers are:(i)         - This is 1-amino propane(ii)         - This is 2-amino propane (III)         - This is methylethylamine(iv)         - This is TRIMETHYLAMINE

e given, Molar MASS of HCL = 36.5 g/mol THEREFORE, 14 antacid tablets each containing 400 mg of are needed to neutralized all the HCl produced in one DAY.

mical reaction between NO and OZONE to give NITROGEN DIOXIDE and oxygen gas. The chemical reaction is as follows. It is forward reaction. The equilibrium constant of the forward reaction For, Forward reaction SUBSTITUTE the GIVEN values, For backward reaction

rgy of PHOTON is GIVEN by the expression SUBSTITUTING all the values in the equation, (II) Energy (E) of a photon having wavelength is given by the FOLLOWING expression. Substituting the values in the given expression E

eous process is DEFINED as the process or the reaction taking place on its own WITHOUT any energy input from its surroundings.  For example i) Ice cubes MELT into water without any energy input.ii) Iron rust on its own on expose to air without any energy input.The spontaneous process is thermodynamically favorable process. The initial energy of the process is higher COMPARED to the final energy.

following question in ORDER to calculate the pressure EXERTED by 5 MOLES of carbon dioxide 1 liter vessel at 40 degree Celsius we need to use the Van der Waals equation which is given by,Pressure exerted by 5 moles, P=76.47 atm Pressure exerted by 1 MOLE, P=23.83 atm As we can see the pressure exerted in the two cases is as follows pressure exerted by 5 moles = 70 6.4 ma pressure exerted by 1 mole = 23.83 atm

s a theory that chemists apply in order to determine the shape of a molecule. This principle says that in order to minimize repulsion interactions by electrons, molecules will adopt a shape in such a way that the bonds and lone pairs of electrons are as far away from each other as possible.Chemical bonds are made up of electrons which are negatively charged. Since like-charges repel one another, the bonds and electrons want to have as much space in between them as possible so they aren't repelling one another. It's kind of like someone getting really close to you and 'getting in your bubble,' your natural reaction is to back up right?Let's use methane as an example. Methane contains four hydrogen atoms bonded to a central carbon atom. In order to maximize the distance between the four bonds in methane, it adopts a geometrical shape called a tetrahedron.Methane adopts a tetrahedral shape according to VSEPR theorynullVSEPR theory can be used to predict the shape of virtually any molecule PROVIDED we know how many bonds and lone pairs of electrons the central atoms contains. The term lone pairs is used to describe a pair or pairs of electrons that reside on the central atom but aren't involved in chemical bonding.Limitations of VSEPRAlthough VSEPR is a great tool for determining molecular shape, there are two big limitations to this theory.BOND Angle DeviationsOne of the main limitations of VSEPR theory is that it cannot predict the degree to which bond angles may deviate from idealized cases. For instance let's look at methane and water side-by-side. VSEPR theory predicts that both molecules should have a tetrahedral shape since they both contain four groups of electrons around their central atoms (carbon for methane and oxygen for water).Water actually adopts a bent shape instead of a tetrahedral shape. The fact that the bond angle for water is so different from methane is not something that VSEPR theory is able to predict or explain, especially from a numerical standpoint.                                                                    ORSteps to Using VSEPR Draw a Lewis structure for the ion or molecule in question. Determine the number of ELECTRON groups around the central atom. Each lone pair of electrons counts as a single group. Each bond counts as a single group, even if it is a double or triple bond. Find the corresponding electron geometry from the table. Determine the number of lone pairs and the number of bonding pairs around the central atom, and use that to find the molecular geometry.VSEPR Notation VSEPR notation gives a general formula for classifying chemical species based on the number of electron pairs around a central atom. Note, however, that not all species have the same molecular geometry. For example, carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide are both species, but one is linear and the other is bent. Sometimes, the notation is expanded to INCLUDE lone pair electrons. This can get confusing because water can be referred to as a species depending on the conventions the author or text chooses. In general, A is used to represent the central atom. B or X is used to represent the number of atoms bonded to the central atom. E represents the number of lone pairs on the central atom (ignore lone pairs on bonded atoms). Again, this theory is also not void of any limitations. We will now discuss the common limitations of the VSEPR theory.Limitations of the VSEPR theory The VSEPR model is not a theory. It does not explain or attempt to explain any observations or predictions. Rather, it is an algorithm that accurately predicts the structures of a large number of compounds. VSEPR is simple and useful but does not work for all chemical species. First, the idealized bond angles do not always match the measured values. For example, VSEPR predicts that and will have the same bond angles, but structural studies have shown the bonds in the two molecules are different by 12 degrees. VSEPR also predicts that group-2 halides such as will be linear when they are actually bent. Quantum mechanics and atomic orbitals can give more sophisticated predictions when VSEPR is INADEQUATE.                            HOPE IT HELPS YOU MARK MY ANSWER AS BRAINLIST

of moles=given weight/molecular weightn=38/32 =1.1875

is known as father of modern genetics due to this genetic experiment with PEA (Pisum Sativum). Main reasons of choosing Pea plant were- Very easy to cultivate and grow- Many visible distinguishnh characters such as height, flower type, SEED color, seed coat etc. - Easy to obtain pure breed plant through self FERTILIZATION- Easy cross polination and fertilization IF MY ANSWER HELPS YOU THEN MARK IT AS BRAINLIST ANSWER

do remove WATER from the solution HOPE THIS ANSWER WILL HELP U PLEASE MARK IT BRAINLIEST

s of CHLORINE element is taken as 35. It exists in two major isotopes such as and . We NEED to take the WEIGHTED AVERAGE of both the isotopes in terms of the percentage of abundance that is present on the earth in order to get the average atomic mass of chlorine and it is calculated as followsLet the percentage of be x, then be (100-x),So,Therefore, x = 77Percentage of =77%  Then, percentage of =23%

centage "COMPOSITION" of "each element" is equal to the "mass of that element" “divided” by the PRESENT “TOTAL mass” (the mass of the FORMULA) multiplied by 100%.The GIVEN compound: Substitute the molar mass of each elementMolar mass of Ca = 40Molar mass of O = 16Molar mass of Hydrogen = 1Let's calculate the %compositionPercentage of  %

mical reaction which involves oxidation and reduction reactions are called redox reaction.Fluorine reacts with ICE to form hydrogen fluoride and HOF.The given chemical reaction is as follows.Let's give the oxidation numbers to the REACTANTS as well as products.From the above reaction, we observe that the oxidation number of F increases from 0 in to + 1 in HOF and also oxidation number drops from 0 in to -1 in HF.  Therefore, F is oxidized and reduced in the above reaction. Therefore, this reaction is referred as redox reaction.

process of boiling is often considered isothermal so the equation PV=pv holds if the depth is not too much.we know that at the LOWER surface pressure is greater than atmospheric pressure, so as to follow the above equation, when the bubble comes up, its volume INCREASES as the pressure decreases..Hope this is helpful. Please mark as BRAINLIEST