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A -Ardipithecus 

B-Australopithecus 

C- Homo erectus 

D-Homo sapiens

Fats are present in the form of large globules in the small intestine. The small intestine gets the secretions in the form of bile juice and pancreatic juice respectively from the liver and the pancreas. The bile salts (from the liver) break down the large fat globules into smaller globules so that the pancreatic enzymes can easily act on them. This is referred to as emulsification of fats. It takes place in the small intestine.

(a)cloudy days:- Due to clouds sunlight will not be able to reach the stomata for photosynthesis and sunlight has an essential role in photosynthesis. So the rate of photosynthesis will decrease.
(b)no rainfall in the area means that there is no water and according to the definition of photosynthesis it is the process by which green plants make their own food using water, sunlight and nutrients. So the rate of photosynthesis will decrease.
(c)Good manuring in the area will increase the rate of photosynthesis as there will be nutrients as well as water in the manure.
(d)Dust on stomata will decrease the rate of photosynthesis as the role of stomata is to trap the sunlight with the help of chlorophyll and if sunlight is not there , photosynthesis can't take place.

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) produced during respiration in living organisms and also during photosynthesis in plants.

PCR is a very sensitive technique which enables the specific amplification of desired DNA from a limited amount of DNA template. Hence, it can detect the presence of an infectious organism in the infected patient at an early stage of infection (even before the infectious organism has multiplied to large number).

It the restriction enzymes have more than one recognition site in a vector,
than the vector itself will get fragmented on treatment with the restriction
enzyme.

• Figure ‘A’ shows touch-me-not (Mimosa) plant. In this plant, the leaflets close in response to stimulus of touch.
• Figure ‘B’ shows Venus fly trap. In this plant, there is a trap that appears and smells like a flower and deceives the insect. When an insect visits that flower-like trap, the trap closes up and the trapped insect is digested by the plant.
• Figure ‘C’ shows lotus plant. The lotus flower opens during day-time.
• Figure ‘D’ shows Balsam plant. In this plant, the ripened fruit dehisces (bursts open) at the right time to disperse the seeds.

Correct option: (3) Genetic code is nearly universal

Explanation: 

In recombinant DNA technology bacteria is able to produce human insulin because genetic code is nearly universal.

Ballad is rhythmic verse suitable for singing

Title: Teacher's Day

That day, I came to a conclusion that I can never ever become a teacher in my life. To be precisely, not in this lifetime. I don't carry the capability or ability to teach or even handle a bunch of students in class.

I was given the responsibility to handle a class VI-B as a part of creating teacher's day. We the super senior i,e;of class XII were given the responsibility of being a teacher for one day.

I went to the class with highly neat mind and with confidence. I walked out of the room with all my hairs plucked out and all frustrated like I was coming out after performing an action scene.

Those children were so hard to handle. Every second was screaming at me to leave this class and get out of here. My body looked like of their age, my voice even failed to stop those children from making noice. Every time, when I handled the 3rd row, the 2nd row would do something rebellious. I was done and I wanted to leave. I tried to calm those tiny people by playing games. But that plan also failed.

A thought just then slightly touched my mind. When we were in class VI, we were also like them, so rebellious, so much mischievous. For a moment I could hold my anger thinking about it. But their intensity of rebel is much higher.

A number cannot begin with 0, so we will put it in the second place.

The smallest digit (other than 0) is 1.

(i) Unit's place only 0,5 can be placed - 2 ways.

Ten's place all number can be placed - 10 ways.

Hundred's place all number can be placed - 10 ways.

Thousand's place only 6 can be placed - 1 way.

total ways =2×10×10=200.

(ii) Clearly, thousands digit is 6.

Number of numbers with units digit 0=(1×8×7×1)=56

Number of numbers with units digit 5=(1×8×7×1)=56

Required number of numbers=(56+56)=112.

In the poem ‘The School Boy’, the first stanza portrays the experience of the schoolboy outside the school, whereas the next three stanzas present the experience of the schoolboy inside the school.

In the first stanza, the speaker is a young boy who tells the reader that he feels joyful to rise in the fresh and delightful summer morning. He enjoys the chirping of the birds which announces the daybreak. The boy gets entertained by the company of the hunter who blows his horn from a distant field and the sweet lullabies of skylarks. Thus, the imagé of the child in the first stanza focuses on nature as free and unfettered. He is associated with the spring as a time for growth, freshness and playfulness. But, in the next three stanzas; we get a totally different picture of the young schoolboy.

Once the boy is inside the school, he loses his feeling of paradise. In the school, the birds sing no longer and the atmosphere is no longer pure or innocent. The boy is supervised by a cruel teacher and the young ones spend the day In sighing and dismay. The boy finds the school boring. He sits drooping in class. He claims that school hours are too long. He can’t find any interest in books. He describes the learning in school as a long ‘dreary shower’.

In the next stanza, the boy says that inside the school he feels like a caged bird that is forced to sing, and when he feels annoyed, he cannot but droop his tender wings. Thus, the bird imagery allows for the comparison between the schoolboy outside the school and the schoolboy inside the school.

Once upon a time, an elephant made friendship with a man, who had a little hut at the edge of the forest. One day a heavy thunderstorm broke out and the elephant felt like taking shelter in a hut. The elephant went to the man’s hut and requested him to let him put its trunk inside the hut so as to shelter ¡t from the torrential rain. The man took pity on the elephant and told the elephant to gently put only its trunk inside the hut. But, the elephant, soon after putting its trunk inside the hut, slowly pushed its head also inside, flung the man out in the rain and then lay down comfortably inside his hut. 

Mara’s stories were not limited to the miraculous medicinal creeper. Mara explained the loss of the teeth on one side of his face with another totally cock-and-bull story. He told the author that he had lost his teeth when he had gone hunting rabbits to the forest before daybreak. According to him, when he brushed his teeth with a small stick of a plant, he lost the teeth which had been touched by the stick. The teeth were all from one side because on finding the taste of the plant to be sour, he had thrown the stick away and had gargled his mouth with the water of a nearby stream.

The boy's experience in school is full of fear and discouragement. The authoritarian way of teaching makes the boy sigh in dismay. His boredom and fear are reflected in the drooping manner in which he sits and the restlessness that he exhibits.

In the poem, ‘The School Boy’ Blake makes a plea on behalf of little children who hate the experience of going to school because of the prevalent authoritarian ways of school authorities. In the poem, we see that it is a matter of utmost disappointment for the schoolboy to attend school on a sweet summer morning when actually he wishes to enjoy the mirth of summer. He is tired and even puzzled under the strict supervision of his teacher. The phrase ‘cruel eye outworn’ refers to the authoritarian eyes of the teacher that actually tire the boy. Instead of enjoying the pleasures of summer, the child has to compulsorily attend the school where he spends his day in boredom and dismay.

Naturally, in such a set-up, the child experiences weariness. He sits drooping out in the sea of tediousness. The child resents the assault on him by the oppressive personality of the teacher and the unnecessary words of erudition the teacher gushes out without attempting to understand either the child’s intention at his urge for unchecked freedom. The learning’s bower refers to a garden where the child can be taught in an interesting way, only if nature accompanies him instead of the school teacher.

A bird which is born cheerful and jovial can never sing sweet songs if caged. Similarly, a child, if restrained under the umbrella of annoying fear, tension and the scepticism of his teacher, can never enjoy the natural instincts of joy and playfulness. A world full of rigid course of discipline will ruthlessly take away the beautiful spring — the childhood days — of a person’s life. Thus, though the tone of the poem is not highly critical, Blake does make his point clear — don’t kill the joy of learning.

In the poem, ‘The School Boy’ Blake makes a plea on behalf of little children who hate the experience of going to school because of the prevalent authoritarian ways of school authorities.

In the poem, we see that it is a matter of utmost disappointment for the schoolboy to attend school on a sweet summer morning when actually he wishes to enjoy the mirth of summer. He is tired and even puzzled under the strict supervision of his teacher. The phrase ‘cruel eye outworn’ refers to the authoritarian eyes of the teacher that actually tire the boy. Instead of enjoying the pleasures of summer, the child has to compulsorily attend the school where he spends his day in boredom and dismay.

Naturally, in such a set-up, the child experiences weariness. He sits drooping out in the sea of tediousness. The child resents the assault on him by the oppressive personality of the teacher and the unnecessary words of erudition the teacher gushes out without attempting to understand either the child’s intention àr his urge for unchecked freedom. The learning’s bower refers to a garden where the child can be taught in an interesting way, only if nature accompanies him instead of the school teacher.

A bird which is born cheerful and jovial can never sing 5weet songs if caged. Similarly, a child, if restrained under the umbrella of annoying fear, tension and the scepticism of his teacher, can never enjoy the natural instincts of joy and playfulness. A world full of rigid course of discipline will ruthlessly take away the beautiful spring the childhood days of a person’s life.

Thus, though the tone of the poem is not highly critical, Blake does make his point clear don’t kill the joy of learning.

Given:

number are 50, 35, and 20

Concept Used:

If a, b, c, and d are in proportion,

Then a/b = c/d

Calculation:

Let the fourth number be x

⇒ 50/35 = 20/x

⇒ 10/7 = 20/x

⇒ 1/7 = 2/x

⇒ x = 7 × 2 

⇒ x = 14

∴ The fourth proportion of given number is 14.

√ 729 - √ 625 = 27 - 25 = 2

√ 256 - √ 196 = 16 - 14 = 2

So, (√ 729 - √ 625) ÷ (√ 256 - √ 196) = 2 ÷ 2 = 1

Given:

A pipe can fill a cistern in 20 minutes.

Time taken by the leak to empty the tank = 28 minutes.

Concept used:

 If a pipe can fill a tank in x hours then it can fill 1/x part of the tank in 1 hour.

Calculation:

Let the time taken by a pipe to fill the tank when the leakage arises be 1 minutes is 1/20 part.

And the time taken by a pipe to empty the tank be 1 minutes is 1/28 part.

When both  pipes are opened,

The tank fills in 1 minute = 1/20 - 1/28

⇒ (7 - 5)/140

⇒ 2/140

⇒ 1/70 part

∴ The time taken to fill the tank is 70 minutes. 

Given:

Pipe one can fill tank in 20 minutes

Pipe two can empty tank in 28 minutes

Formula Used:

\(\frac{1}{{{\rm{work\;of\;A\;and\;B}}}} = \frac{1}{{\;work\;of\;A}} + \frac{1}{{\;work\;of\;B}}\)

Calculation:

Let the Minutes taken by A and B working together be x

\(\frac{1}{{{\rm{work\;of\;A\;and\;B}}}} = \frac{1}{{\;20}} - \frac{1}{{\;28}}\) (we take work of pipe 2 as negative because it empties the tank)

⇒ 1/x = (7 - 5)/140 = 2/140 = 1/70

⇒ x = 70 Minutes

∴ The Time taken to fill the cistern is 70 Minutes

Given:

The cistern has a leak which would empty it in 8 h.

Concept Used:

Total work is LCM of work done by each pipe.

Calculation:

Work done by leak in 1 hour = 1 / 8

Total work done by both pipes in 1 hour = 1 / 12

Work done by the pipe in 1 h

⇒ (1 / 8 – 1 / 12) = 1 / 24

Work done by the pipe in 1 min

⇒ 1 / 24 × 1 / 60

⇒ 1 / 1440

Volume of 1 / 1440 part = 3L

Volume of the whole cistern = 3 × 1440

⇒ Volume of the whole cistern = 4320 L

Given:

Total women working in the site = 60

Ratio of men, women and children = 9 ∶ 4 ∶ 1 

Ratio of wages of men, women and children = 8 ∶ 5 ∶ 3

∴ Let the number of men, women and children be 9x, 4x and x

Number of women is 60

⇒ 4x = 60 or x = 15

∴ Number of men = 9 × 15 = 135

Number of children = 15

Let their wages men, women and children be 8x, 5x and 3x 

⇒ 135 × 8x + 60 × 5x + 15 × 3x = 2,850

⇒ 1425x = 2850 or x = 2

∴ Daily wages of a child = 3 × 2 = Rs. 6 

Calculation:

For Statement I:

Let the 2-digit number ab be 10a + b

⇒ a + b = 14

∴ Statement I alone is not sufficient.

For Statement II:

10b + a = 10a + b + 18

⇒ 9(b - a) = 18

∴ Statement II alone is not sufficient.

If we solve both the equations, we get the answer as 68.

From Statement I:

Let the total income be Rs x.

⇒ (1/3) × x = 27,000

⇒ x = Rs. 81,000

⇒ Income is Rs. 81,000

∴ The data in statement 1 is sufficient to answer the question.

From Statement II

Saving is Rs. 4,000

But expenditure is not given so, we can’t find the income.

∴ The statement I alone is sufficient to answer the question, but the statement II alone is not sufficient.

Given∶

Mr. Kunal efficiency = 2(Mr. Aman's efficiency)

Concept used:

Efficiency is inversely proportional to Time

Calculation∶

Let the Mr. Aman completes a work in x days

Then, Kunal completes in (x/2) days

According to question∶

⇒ x - (x/2) = 18

⇒ x/2 = 18

⇒ x = 36 days

Given:

Ghee : Dalda = 5 : a

Calculation:

Let the quantity of ghee = 5x litres

⇒ the quantity of Dalda = ax litres

According to the question, ax = 50% of (5x + ax + 5)

⇒ 2ax = 5x + ax + 5

⇒ ax = 5x + 5 ….(i)

⇒ 5x = 40% of (5x + ax + 2)

⇒ 25x = 10x + 2ax + 4

⇒ ax = (15x – 4)/2 ….(ii)

From the equation (i) and (ii)

⇒ 5x + 5 = (15x – 4)/2

⇒ 5x = 14

⇒ x = 14/5

Put the value of x in the equation (i)

⇒ a = 95/14

The quantity of ghee in the original mixture = 5x = 14 litres

⇒ the quantity of dalda = ax

⇒ quantity of dalda = 19 litres

Quantity I : when, 10 litres of ghee were added in the original mixture

ghee = (14 + 10) / (14 + 19 + 10)

⇒ ghee = 24/43

Quantity II: when 3 litres of dalda were added in the original mixture

⇒ dalda = (19 + 3) / (14 + 19 + 3)

⇒ dalda = 11/18

∴ Quantity I < Quantity II

Given:

A bridge has to be constructed in 40 days by 25 men.

After 25 days, 1/3  of the bridge is made.

2/3 of the bridge needs to be constructed in 10 (15 - 5) days.

Concepts used:

M1 × (D1/W₁) = M2 × (D2/W₂)

Where, M = Number of men, D = Number of days, H = Number of hours, W = Work

Calculation:

⇒ 20 × 25/(1/3) = M × 10/(2/3)

⇒ 500 × 3 = M × 10 × (3/2)

⇒ M = 100 

Extra men to be employed = 100 men – 20 men

⇒ 80 men

∴ 80 extra men have to employed for the remaining bridge to be constructed 5 days earlier. 

Given:

Ratio of juice to water = 5 : 4

Water = 12 L

Calculations:

Let the quantity of pure watermelon juice = 5x litres and quantity of water = 4x litres

⇒ 4x = 12 litres

⇒ x = 3 litres

⇒ the quantity of pure milk = 5x

⇒ 5 × 3 = 15 litres

Quantity I:

In the mixture, when 2 litres of pure watermelon juice are added then the quantity of pure juice = 15 + 2 = 17 litres ⇒ The quantity of mixture = 17 + 12 = 29 litres

⇒ The concentration of watermelon juice = (15 × 100) / 29

⇒ The concentration of watermelon juice  ≈ 51.7%

∴ concentration of watermelon juice  ≈ 52%

Quantity II:

Instead of 12 litres of water, if 5 litres of water were added and the quantity of pure juice remained the same then the quantity of pure juice = 15 litres, the quantity of water = 5 litres

⇒ the quantity of mixture = 15 + 5 = 20 litres

⇒ required concentration = 15 × 100/20

⇒ required concentration = 75%

Correct option is C) even if

Correct option is A) told / had been exporting

Correct option is D) most modern

Given:

Number of men = 15

Number of days = 50

Formula used:

M₁ T₁ = M₂ T₂

Where M₁; M₂; T₁ and T₂ represents number of men and time

Calculation:

15 × 50 = 10 × T₂

⇒ T₂ = (15 × 50)/10

⇒ T₂ = 75

∴ 75 days are required to construct a building by 10 men.

Given∶

Number of men = 9

Number of days = 90

Formula used∶

M₁ T₁ = M₂ T₂

Where M₁; M₂; T₁ and T₂ represents number of men and time

Calculation ∶

9 × 90 = 3 × T₂

⇒ T₂ = (9 × 90) / 3

⇒ T₂ = 270

∴ 270 days are required to construct a building by 3 men.

Correct option is C) Despite

Correct option is A) In spite of

Correct option is D) couldn’t have

Correct option is D) sleep / had spent

Correct option is A) so / that

Given:

A can complete the work in 10 days, B in

20 days and C can do it in 40 days.

First day A works then on second day he also works 

and on the third day B and C joins and the cycle then repeats on.

Concept Used:

We will always try to find efficiencies in this type of question.

Total Work = Efficiency × Time

Calculation:

LCM of (10, 20 and 40) = 40

So, we assume our Total work = 40 units.

Now, efficiency of A = Total work/Time taken by A

= 40/10 = 4 units/day

Efficiency of B = 2 unit/day and 

Efficiency of C = 1 unit/day.

First day A works = 4 units

Second day A works = 4 units

Third day A + B + C works = 7 units/day.

So, In 3 days total 15 units will be completed

Accordingly in 6 days total 30 units will be completed.

Then in next 2 days, work done by A = 8 units

Total work done in 8 days = (30 + 8) units

⇒ 38 units

Now, remaining 2 units (40 – 38) = 2units will be completed by A + B + C.

Time taken to complete 2 units work = 2/7 days

Total time taken to complete the work = 8 + (2/7) days

⇒ 58/7 days

∴ The total time taken to complete the work is 58/7 days

Correct option is A) In spite of

Correct option is B) go around