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The roots for 1, 2 and 9 are un, bi and enn respectively. Hence, the symbol and IUPAC name of the element are Ube and unbiennium respectively.

The roots for 1, 2 and 0 are un, bi and nil respectively. Hence, the symbol and the IUPAC name are Ubn and Unbinilium respectively.

(i) The roots for 1, 2 and 3 are un, bi and tri respectively. Hence the symbol and the IUPAC name are Ubt and Unbitrium respectively.

(ii) The roots for 1,0 and 4 are un, nil and quad respectively. Hence, the symbol and the IUPAC name are Unq and Unnilquadium respectively.

The differences between solids, liquids, and gases are as follows:

The roots for 1, 1 and 9 are un, un and enn respectively. Hence, the symbol and the IUPAC name are Uue and Ununennium respectively.

Some solids have a tendency to sublime on heating, i.e. they convert directly from solid to gaseous/vapour phase on heating without passing through the liquid phase. A mixture containing such solid with any other solid can be separated by sublimation. Examples of solids that sublime are camphor, ammonium chloride, naphthalene, iodine, anthracene, etc. Hence, sublimation is used to separate such mixtures, that contain a sublimable volatile component from a non-sublimable impurity. 

For example: A mixture of common salt and ammonium chloride can be separated by sublimation. The mixture is heated in a china dish, above which, inverted funnel steam of which has closed with cotton has been placed. The vapours of ammonium chloride become cool and solidify when coming in contact with the walls of the funnel and, thus solid ammonium chloride is separated. Common salt is left in the china dish.

A compound is a pure substance, composed of two or more elements, chemically combined with one another in a fixed proportion. 

For example: Water H₂O, Methane CH₄, etc.

The composition of a compound remains the same throughout and its constituents can only be separated by electrochemical reactions. The properties of a compound are different from its constituent elements.

Immiscible liquids in a mixture form different layers depending on their densities when allowed to stand undisturbed for some time. Each layer can be separately taken out by using a separating funnel. We can see from the figure, how kerosene oil and water can be separated by using a separating funnel.

Sodium is a metal because it is a good conductor of electricity, malleable and ductile. It can lose electron easily from the valence shell whereas carbon is a bad conductor of electricity not lustrous or malleable. It does not lose electrons easily.

Hydrogen and oxygen are considered as elements which cannot split into different substances by applying any kind of energy like heat or electricity whereas water is a composed of constituents like hydrogen and oxygen in a fixed proportion and it can be split up by applying energy. So, it is not an element.

Chlorine gas, Aluminium foil, Iodine vapour, Graphite, Sulphur powder, Diamond are not compounds

Evaporation is the phenomenon of change of a liquid into vapour phase at temperatures below its boiling point. A small fraction of the particles present in the liquid surface having higher kinetic energy breaks away from the force of attraction between other liquid particles to become vapour. Since surface particles contribute to evaporation, evaporation is a surface phenomenon.

Liquids flow because the particles in a liquid are not very tightly bound to each other and they have high intermolecular spaces between them, which allows the particles to be displaced or move causing the liquids to flow.

A chemical compound is a substance made up of two or more elements combined together chemically in a fixed proportion by mass. 

Sodium chloride is a compound because 

1. It consists of two elements sodium and chlorine and the product formed from these is different from the constituent elements. 

2. It has a fixed proportion of constituents by mass.

Air is considered a mixture because of the following reasons:

a. Air can be separated into its constituents like oxygen, nitrogen, etc., by the physical process or fractional distillation (or liquid air).

b. Air shows the properties of al the gases present in it. For example, oxygen supports combustion and air also supports combustion; carbon dioxide turns lime- water milky and air also turns lime-water milky, though very, very slowly.

c. Heat and light, etc., are neither given out nor absorbed when air is prepared by mixing the required proportions of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon, water vapour, etc.

d. Air has a variable composition because air at different places contains different amounts of the various gases. It does not have a definite formula.

e. Liquid air does not have a fixed boiling point.

Brass is a mixture because 

1. It does not have a fixed composition 

2. It shows the properties of its constituents.

States of matter which have the ability to flow are called fluids. Flow refers to the movement of particles of matter. One can find that the particles of liquid and gas are able to flow as there is enough space between the particles constituting liquid and gas. In the case of solids, there is a restriction in movement of particles as there are strong forces of attraction between them.

Gases do not have a fixed shape or volume so that the particles are freely moving. They do not have a fixed position or spaces between them.

The correct answer is: (c) Bromine is heavier than air

Sugar contains Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. 

Common salt comprise of sodium and chlorine

We can classify the given materials into elements, compound and mixtures as follows:

a. Elements: Sodium, Silver, Tin, Silicon

b. Compounds: Calcium carbonate, Soap, Methane, Carbon dioxide.

c. Mixtures: Soil, Sugar Solution, Coal, Air, Blood.

Mixture consists of two or more different kinds of particles or substances but not chemically bounded.

Sugar solution is a mixture because 

1. It can be separated into its constituents like sugar and water by physical processes. 

2. It shows both the property of water and sugar.

Solution of salt in water is considered as mixture because salt solution is made up of salt and water 

1. The constituents of salt solution might be variable 

2. It does not have a fixed ratio and properties depend upon the nature of its components. 

3. The constituents of salt solution can be separated

The substance is a Gas

Diffusion is the property of liquids and gases which tells us that their molecules moving constantly.

The correct answer is: (c) The particles of bromine are moving but those of air are not moving

Air is a mixture as it is composed of different gases.

The correct answer is: (b) The molecules in liquid are arranged in a regular pattern

Milk, Paint, Glass are three mixture found in nature.

The Correct answer is (b) Germanium

People who do not abide by the law are called criminals.

False. Milk is not a pure substance. It contains many ingredients.

Mercury is a liquid metal that can be classified as a pure substance and conducts electricity.

Crime and criminal:

• To administer a country efficiently, every country has framed its own laws.
• People who do not follow these laws are called criminals and their act of violating the law is called crime.
• Criminals deprive people from their rights.
• They exist everywhere.
• When someone files a complaint, the police arrest the person against whom complaint is been done.
• The police record the entire crime scene in the report called FIR, which means First Information Report.
• Once the crime against someone is proved, he is termed as criminal. The criminal is then given punishments such as penalty, imprisonment, sentence to death, etc.
• Every district has its own Criminal Court.

Example of crime:

Theft, robbery, murder, conspiracy, physical harm, etc.

Case of Gabbar and Lalji Mukhi:

• Lalji Mukhi was the head (Mukhi) of Ranpur village.
• Once on a late winter evening, Lalji was returning home from his farm.
• Suddenly, a car stopped near him. 3-4 men got down from the car and attacked him. He was badly injured.
• The attackers were Gabbar and his men. Gabbar was a ruffian.
• To get justice, Mukhi filed a case against Gabbar.
• Police arrested Gabbar and presented him in the court.
• The lawyers of Mukhi and Gabbar argued in the court to defend their clients.
• Finally, Gabbar won the case and Mukhi did not get justice.
• Gabbar was free again. He repeatedly threatened Mukhi to kill him.
• Mukhi was fed-up and highly stressed.
• So, he appealed to the High court for justice.
• The judge of the High court heard appeals of both the parties.
• High court gave the decision in Mukhi’s favour.
• Finally, Mukhi got justice.

Case of Hansaba:

• There was a powerful landlord in a small town. He possessed maximum land of the town.
• There was a lady called Hansaba whose farm was near the landlord’s farm.
• The landlord encroached half area of Hansaba’s farm.
• The landlord was neither giving back her land nor any money against the land.
• Finally, to obtain justice, Hansaba filed a case in Taluka court.
• Both, the landlord and Hansaba presented their arguments in the court.

The verdict:

After hearing both the sides, the judge found landlord to be guilty and so gave the decision in the favour of Hansaba.

When the court has to investigate the matter minutely to avoid justice.

A pure substance is the one that consists of a single type of particles, i.e., all constituent particles of the substance have the same chemical nature. Pure substances can be classified as elements or compounds.

Priyanshi’s complaint is that her parents do not allow her to eat what she enjoys.

FIR – First Information Report

• Remuneration i.e. salary/wages an employee earns reflects his standard of living.
• Based on company’s financial status it must provide a reasonable remuneration to the employees which can maintain their standard of living. For this the business over and above remuneration, need to provide incentives, bonus, etc. at pre-decided intervals.
• Moreover, on time and appropriate wages keeps the employees motivated and loyal towards the firm. They put in their best efforts to deliver the best to the unit.
• Hence, timely and appropriate wages becomes social responsibility of a unit.

(A)  CH₄ > NH₃ > H₂O > H₂S > HBr

(C)  CF₃CO₂H

(E)  CF₃CO₂H pK_a = 0

Correct option  (B) 

Explanation:

 ln reactivity series, the order of reactivity of given metals is as follows :

Mg>Al>Zn>Fe>Cu

Thus, rate of evolution of H₂ gas in case of Mg is maximum followed by Al, Zn and then Fe. Cu does not react with dil.HCl, so no evolution of H₂ gas is observed.

(B)  CH₃CO₂H 

(C)  CH₃CH₂CH₂C CH 

(E)  CH₃CH₂CH₂CF₂CH₂CO₂H 

The pH of a neutral solution is-

7