Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

The correct answer is (a) Seismograph

The explanation is: The instrument which is used to measure the EARTHQUAKE SHAKING is called seismograph. There are THREE components of a seismograph. These are the RECORDER, the sensor and the timer.

Correct option is (a) Mass

For explanation I WOULD say: Earthquake force is a function of mass. Because of this fact, it is RECOMMENDED that the building should be as light as POSSIBLE. Roofs and upper STOREYS of BUILDINGS should also be designed as light as possible.

The correct option is (a) IS 1893

To elaborate: The FIRST FORMAL SEISMIC code in India is IS 1893. This code was published in 1962. Seismic CODES are unique to a specific country or region.

Correct option is (d) MCE

For explanation I WOULD SAY: According to the Indian STANDARD considerations, the most severe earthquake effects is MCE. MCE STANDS for the maximum considered earthquake.

The CORRECT CHOICE is (d) Richter scale

For explanation: Richter scale is used to measure the magnitude of an earthquake. Magnitude of an earthquake refers to the QUANTITATIVE measure of the actual size of an earthquake. Therefore, the magnitude of an earthquake is a number that is a measure of the energy released in the earthquake.

The correct answer is (c) Silicone-based

To elaborate: There are two technologies to protect buildings from the effects of earthquakes – SEISMIC DAMPERS and base isolation devices. Various types of seismic dampers used are VISCOUS dampers, yielding dampers and friction dampers. In viscous dampers, energy gets ABSORBED by silicone-based fluid which passes between the piston-cylinder arrangement.

The correct choice is (a) 2001 Bhuj earthquake

To explain: The four-storeyed building of Bhuj HOSPITAL was BUILT after the 2001 Bhuj earthquake. It was built using the BASE isolation technique. The idea BEHIND this technique is to isolate the building from the GROUND in a way to avoid the transmission of earthquake motions up through the building.

Right CHOICE is (b) M 20

Easiest explanation: While considering the design of R.C. buildings for providing ductility, the minimum grade of CONCRETE limited by the Indian Code is M 20. The higher grade of concrete leads to a lower ULTIMATE compressive strain which results in a reduction in ductility.

Correct OPTION is (c) FE 415

To EXPLAIN: While considering the design of R.C. buildings for providing ductility, IS codes PROHIBIT the steel grade greater than Fe 415. It should be kept in mind that relatively low-grade steel should be preferred.

Correct option is (b) False

Best EXPLANATION: It is desirable to DESIGN the RC frame in a way that the plastic HINGES are formed in the beams than in the COLUMNS. This is because only localized failure takes place due to the collapse of a beam while due to the collapse of a column, global failure OCCURS.

Correct answer is (a) True

To EXPLAIN: Inertia forces GENERATED by the earthquake shakings primarily develop at the floor of the building. This is because most of the MASS of the building is present at the floor levels. These inertia forces travel downwards through BEAMS and slabs to walls and columns and then to the foundations from where they are finally dispersed to the ground.

Correct choice is (a) 15 metres

The explanation: MASONRY bearing walls should not be built of HEIGHT greater than 15 metres subject to a maximum of four storeys when MEASURED from the mean ground level to the ride level during the CONSTRUCTION of earthquake-resistant buildings. As far as possible, the bearing walls should be SYMMETRICAL in the plan in both the directions.

Right OPTION is (b) False

To explain I would SAY: The window and DOOR openings reduce the LATERAL load resistance of the walls. Therefore, they should be more centrally located and should PREFERABLY be small.

Correct choice is (c) 150 mm

To explain I would SAY: According to the recommendations of IS 13920: 1993, the THICKNESS of any part of the wall should not be less than 150 mm. The requirements of this section apply to the SHEAR walls that are a part of the lateral force-resisting system of the structure.

Correct choice is (B) False

Easy explanation: The crust of the earth consists of light materials while its inner core is SOLID and comprises of HEAVY metals. The heavy metals include NICKEL and iron while the light materials include granites and basalts.

Correct ANSWER is (c) IS 1893: 2002

To explain I would SAY: During the construction of earthquake-resistant buildings, projecting parts should be avoided as far as possible. In CASE, they cannot be avoided then the design of the projecting parts should be per IS 1893: 2002.

Correct choice is (a) RC frame

For explanation: The SYSTEM which comprises of the reinforced concrete column and CONNECTING beams is known as RC frame. A typical RC building is made of both VERTICAL and horizontal members. The horizontal members are the beams and slabs while the vertical members are the columns and WALLS.

The correct option is (C) Design basis earthquake

The best explanation: The full FORM of DBE is depth basis earthquake. DBE is defined as an earthquake that can be reasonably EXPECTED to occur at least one time during the LIFE of the structure.

The correct option is (B) False

The best I can EXPLAIN: During the construction of earthquake-resistant buildings, ceiling plaster should be avoided. In case it cannot be avoided, it should be as THIN as possible. The suspended ceiling should also be avoided as FAR as possible.

Correct choice is (C) Peak ground acceleration

The best I can EXPLAIN: The maximum acceleration which is experienced by the ground during shaking is KNOWN as peak ground acceleration. It is a way to quantify the SEVERITY of the ground shaking.

The CORRECT choice is (a) I-XII

Explanation: Intensity of earthquakes is assigned as Roman Capital NUMERALS. There two intensity scales commonly used are the MSK scale and the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale. Both these scales range from I-XII, with I corresponding to the least perceptive and XII corresponding to the most severe.

Correct option is (c) P-WAVES

Easiest explanation: There are two types of seismic waves. These are surface waves and BODY waves. Surface waves CONSIST of Rayleigh waves and Love waves while the body waves consist of S-waves and P-waves. The waves having the HIGHEST velocity are the P-waves. The decreasing ORDER of velocity of others is S-waves, Love waves and Rayleigh waves.

Right answer is (a) Thickness

To explain I WOULD SAY: The width of the REINFORCED CONCRETE band is taken the same as the thickness of the wall. The thickness of the wall should be 200 mm minimum.

The CORRECT OPTION is (c) 1993 Killari EARTHQUAKE

Explanation: Base isolation technique was first DEMONSTRATED in India after the 1993 Killari earthquake. This technique is used for protecting the buildings from damaging earthquake effects.

The correct answer is (c) 150 MM

Easiest explanation: The vertical THICKNESS of the reinforced CONCRETE band should be 150 mm minimum where FOUR bars are specified. However, it should be 75 mm where bars are specified, one on each face.

Right choice is (C) IS 1893, 2002

Explanation: INDIAN standard criteria for earthquake resistant design of structures (first part, fifth REVISION) is stated by IS 1893, 2002. And, Indian standard CODE of practice for earthquake resistant design and construction of buildings (second revision) is stated by IS 4326, 1993.