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The correct choice is (d) CHURN DRILL

Explanation: Churn Drill can be used to drill HOLES vertically only. With the HELP of these drills, it is possible to drill holes of 150 mm diameter or so to a considerable depth, irrespective of the hardness of the ROCK.

Correct choice is (a) Buckets

The BEST I can explain: A single machine can be USED for digging trenches of VARIOUS SIZE by varying the length of the Boom. Some trenches have an angle of MOULD blade, which have to carry out the back filling operation.

Correct CHOICE is (d) VIBRATORY compactors

Explanation: In Vibratory compactors, the vibrating unit maybe the out of balance weight type or a PULSATING HYDRAULIC type. This type of compactor is the most SUITABLE for coarse grained soil.

Correct answer is (d) Dump trucks

For explanation I WOULD say: In Dump trucks, loading is DONE manually or by loaders and UNLOADING is done by the device fitted in the truck. Its capacity varies from 50 to 55 tonnes.

The correct option is (d) Twist bits

Easiest explanation: Most twist beds are MADE from other High Speed STEEL or CARBON Steel. Twisted bits made from high speed Steel are SUITABLE for drilling most TYPES of materials while drilling metals the HSS stands up to high temperatures.

Correct choice is (d) Stop HAMMER

Easy explanation: Stop hammer is used for OVERHEAD drilling as in case of a tunnel. The feeding of Stop Hammer maybe automatic or HAND operated.

Correct choice is (C) Cranes

Easiest explanation: To transport materials or passengers VERTICALLY by means of a moving level platform, MATERIAL hoist or passenger HOISTS are used. The cranes are mobile and a mobile crane can be used for various other purposes such as to load and unload the material in coal mines by ATTACHING a magnet to the crane, etc.

The correct answer is (d) Smooth wheeled

For explanation: The performance of three wheeled roller is a better as compared to a TWO wheel unit because of the concentration of pressure on the middle wheel when the roller passes over a spot in the surface that is being compacted. The SINGLE wheel roller has DIAMETER of about 900 MM and length of about 1.20 metres.

Correct option is (c) Clamshell

Best explanation: The Clamshell EXCAVATOR are widely used for rehandling of material and for working in Limited SPACE as in case of foundation trenches for pipelines, etc. It is also used for jobs that require fairly ACCURATE dumping and DISPOSAL of material.

Right option is (d) Bulldozer

For explanation: By SUITABLE attachments to the bulldozer, it can be utilized to remove TREES, rocks, BOULDER, ETC. In order to increase the output, TWO Bulldozers working side by side with their blades in contact can be used.

Right choice is (a) CARBIDE insert bits

Easy explanation: The actual DRILLING points in CASE of carbide insert bits consists of very hard metal, TUNGSTEN carbide, which is embedded in steel. These bits are considerably more EXPENSIVE than Steel bits.

Right choice is (d) Titanium Nitride

For explanation: Twist BITS coated with Titanium Nitride are easily identified by the GOLD like colour. This coating increases the HARDNESS of the bit and adds self lubricating property. The coating is only REALLY effective when metal is being DRILLED, it has little effect when working with other materials.

The correct OPTION is (c) Blasthole drill

The EXPLANATION is: The Blasthole drill is a SELF PROPELLED drill and it is MOUNTED on a truck or on a Crawler truck. This drills are suitable for drilling operations of soft to medium rocks.

The CORRECT choice is (b) Abrasion

The best EXPLANATION: Whereas, pyramidal is a cut pattern, in which the drill holes slope both in horizontal and vertical PLANES. And in Centre cut pattern, the drill holes are arranged NEARLY parallel in the horizontal plane with a slight INCLINATION.

Right choice is (c) GOLIATH

Easy explanation: In Goliath cranes, heavy loads can be shifted over CONSIDERABLE distances. These cranes are costly and are used in the construction of Harbour works, shops of STEEL work, ETC.

The CORRECT answer is (a) Earth rammers

To explain I would say: The VIBRATING earth rammers are generally used to achieve better compaction of the soil. The vibration also MAKES it possible to adopt small and light equipment and to lay soil in the thick layers. The earth rammer maybe run BUY PETROL or diesel engines.

Right answer is (c) Obsolescence

For explanation: It sometimes so happened that the EQUIPMENT is PHYSICALLY sound, but due to current development in MODERN technology, it becomes old fashioned and the RATE of its output becomes less than the modern machinery.

Correct choice is (d) Flat wood bits

For EXPLANATION I would say: Flat wood bits are USED to drill fairly large holes and they GIVE a flat bottom hole, so are ideal where the HEAD of screw or bolt needs to be recessed into the TIMBER. Always use these bits before drilling the clearance hole for the Bolt.

Right answer is (d) BULLET PILOT point bits

Explanation: Bullet pilot point bits cut a CLEAN hole and cause little damage when they break through the BACK of the work PIECE. Size of the bits ranges from 1.5 mm to 13 mm.

Right answer is (a) DETACHABLE bits

To elaborate: The advantages of detachable BEATS as compared to Forge beats are- they are available in VARIOUS sizes and shapes and HARDNESS; they are FACTORY made products and hence, they are of superior quality.

The correct option is (a) DRIFTER

For EXPLANATION I would say: The Drifter can be used in both under ground and surface WORK mounted on Wagon drill, with features of REVERSIBLE rotation, which can be ALSO disengaged, so that only the impact mechanism works. Flushing is possible as air blows or water flushing and all drill functions are operated from a control.

The correct choice is (c) Pyramidal cut

Explanation: FOUR cut holes are arranged such a manner that when these holes are blasted, pyramidal SHAPED ROCK is removed from the surface of the rock. Whereas, in Centre cut pattern, the drill holes are arranged NEARLY parallel in horizontal plane with a SLIGHT inclination.

The CORRECT choice is (c) DRILLING

The explanation is: Different tools and methods are used for drilling DEPENDING on the TYPE of MATERIAL, the size of the hole, the number of the holes and the time to complete the operation. The term drilling pattern is used to indicate the spacing of the drill holes.

The correct option is (a) Elevators

To explain: To raise the materials LIKE bricks, tiles, CEMENT, etc. to the upper floor level. Elevators moving with high SPEEDS are used. They have SHORT chassis and strong dumping bodies. Dumping of material can be in front or at the back.

The CORRECT choice is (C) Crawler drawn

Explanation: Capacities of a scrapper bowl ranges from 3 metre cube to 50 metre cube. The speed of operation is governed by the speed of towing vehicles, which is 8 km per hour when hauling, and 3 km per hour, when scrapping.

The correct CHOICE is (c) Dumpers

The best explanation: Dumpers are available in different sizes and varieties. They maybe four wheel drive, TWO wheel drive, HYDRAULIC or gravity operated container, side or high level discharge self loading dumpers, ETC. USUALLY, Dumpers are diesel powered and operated by single operator.

Right choice is (C) Portable CONVEYORS

Explanation: Portable Conveyors can be used on large projects to HANDLE placements of concrete at different places simultaneously. A portable conveyor is a self-contained unit which can be readily moved without MUCH DIFFICULTY.

The correct choice is (a) COUNTERSINK bit

To explain I would say: Countersink bits tends to be designed for use on soft materials such as Timber and PLASTICS, not METALS. When used with a power drill to countersink an existing HOLE, the bits tends to chatter, leaving a rough SURFACE. Better results will be obtained in the counter sink bit is used before the hole is drilled.

Right answer is (c) Diamond drill

The explanation: The Diamond drill is rotated and the diamonds disintegrate the ROCK. The RATE of drilling with a diamond drill will depend on the type of rock and it varies from 300 mm to SEVERAL METRES per hour. Diamond drills are capable of drilling holes in excess of 300 meters.

Correct choice is (d) Tractor

To ELABORATE: The tractors are used for agricultural operations such as hoeing, TILLING, harvesting, etc. When tractors are EQUIPPED with shovels, they can be used for the mining operations. The tractors maybe CRAWLER mounted or wheel mounted.

Correct answer is (a) SMOOTH wheeled

For EXPLANATION: Smooth wheeled ROLLERS are suitable to compact a wide range of SOILS, preferably granular soil and pavement material for various layers. These rollers are particularly helpful in compacting soil and other materials where a CRUSHING action is advantages.

Correct choice is (b) Dozer

The best I can explain: Dozer is of three types- bulldozer is USED to push the material in the forward direction. Angle Dozer is used to push the MATERIALS SIDEWAYS. Tree Dozer or stumper contains a slightly CURVED blade and it is design for felling TREES and for unrooting the stumps.

Right choice is (a) Trepanning

The best explanation: UNLIKE percussion laser drilling, the POSITION of the beam or substrate is moved in CONJUNCTION with a predetermined laser beam overlap to achieve the desired edge quality and PRODUCTION through out. Less overlap trepanning laser drilling INCREASES through out but produces more jagged edge quality.

Correct answer is (C) Ladder

The explanation is: Ladder type Trencher consists of two endless CHAINS with TRAVEL along the Boom, to which teethed CUTTER buckets are attached. By installing shaft mounted side cutter on each side of the Boom, the width of the TRENCH can be increased.

Correct answer is (a) Tractor

The best I can explain: When the tractor is not REQUIRED for hauling other MACHINES, it can be easily converted to serve as BULLDOZER, angle dozer, etc. The tractor are USED for agriculture operations.

Right choice is (b) CONSTANT PERCENTAGE

Explanation: according to constant percentage method, when the ratio S/P is very small, the depreciation for the FIRST year will be considerable, where S is Salvage or scrap value and P is the ORIGINAL cost.

Correct option is (b) Mixed

The explanation is: Mixed type equipment are CONTINUOUSLY operated over a define SURFACE area. After completion of a particular sweep, it requires operation cease and readjustment of its POSITION to resume the production on another area.

Right answer is (a) Ropeways

For explanation I would SAY: The INITIAL cost of ropeway is HIGH and hence, its installation is justified when large quantity of MATERIALS used to be handled. It is possible to discharge loads automatically at any point from any DESIRED height while using ropeways.

Correct option is (C) Winch

Explanation: If a Winch is USED only for raising or lowering, it is sometimes referred to as Hoist. Chain blocks in reality are small winches and they MAY be operated either manually or mechanically. Winches should be enough capacity to accommodate the longest length of rope likely to be WOUND over them.

The correct option is (b) Masonry bits

For explanation: The cutting tip of masonry bit is often MADE from tungsten carbide bonded to a spiralled Steel SHAFT. Some masonry drills are described as Durium Tipped, means a highly durable Silicon Bronze ALLOY used instead of tungsten as the cutting POINT.

Correct choice is (b) Screwdriver bits

For explanation: Screwdriver bits have a hexagonal SHANK and are ideal for drilling pilot HOLES. They are AVAILABLE in Limited sizes.

The correct choice is (b) Sheep’s foot

To explain I would say: In the modified FORM of Sheep’s foot rollers, the projections are replaced by segments or PADS or grids and such a modified form of Sheep’s foot Roller can be USED satisfactorily for compacting granular MATERIAL also.

Correct choice is (b) Tripod drill

To ELABORATE: In case of Tripod drill, it becomes necessary to frequently move the tripod drill to ADJUST for subsequent drilling work and HENCE, tripod drills are only used for drilling operations on very hard ROCKS.

Right CHOICE is (B) Downtime

Explanation: If the EQUIPMENT required maintenance and repairs OFTEN and often, it’s down time will be more. The increase in down time will also affect production. It is there for better to replace the equipment is its down time INCREASES.