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The Producers.

The nature of short period Average Cost Curve is ‘U’ shaped. To begin with, the Average Costs are high at low levels of output because both the Average Fixed Costs and Average Variable Costs are more. 

Tissue culture is for growing plants.

Association non-dues revenue is revenue generated through means besides association membership fees. This revenue can be found through means of sponsor ships, donations or outsourcing the association's digital media outlets.

International Union for Conservation of Natural Resources.

Government revenue includes all amounts of money (i.e., taxes and fees) received from sources outside the government entity. Large governments usually have an agency or department responsible for collecting government revenue from companies and individuals.

Average revenue remains constant. 

(1) A - Bowman's capsule B - glomerulus C - loop of Henle 

(2) Glomerulus 

(3) Filterate from glomerulus is called Primary urine. 

(4) In peritubular capillaries of PCT

Marginal revenue falls twice the rate of average 

(1) In grafting, the cut stem of another plant without roots is called scion. 

(2) i) We can get the plant with desirable characters. 

(ii) Very useful in propagating improved varieties of plants with various flowers and fruits. 

(3) Mango, citrus, apple, rose. 

(4) Cutting and layering.

Marginal revenue is net additions to total revenue by sale of one additional unit of output.

It is because average fixed cost goes on falling with increase in output.

Marginal cost is the net addition to total cost when one additional unit of output is produced.  

Implicit cost is the cost of self owned resources of producer.

Total fixed cost because TFC remain constant at all level of output.

Those monetary payments by producer on factor and non factor payments is called explicit cost. Which are not owned by himself

Cost is the sum of explicit and implicit cost.

The two conditions are : 

(i) The ratio of marginal utility to price is same in case of all the goods consumed. Suppose the consumer consumes only two goods x and y then 

MU_x / P_x=MU_y / P_y  

(ii) Marginal utility has a tendency to fall as more and more units are consumed.

Or simply,

A consumer's equilibrium depends upon three factors : 

(i) MU of a product,
(ii) MU of a rupee (money), and
(iii) Price of the product.

Law of diminishing Marginal Utility - This law states that other things remain constant as a consumer consumes more and more units of a commodity, the marginal utility derive from the successive units of that commodity tends to decrease. 

Principle of Equi-Marginal Utility – It states that consumer will allocate his expenditure on different goods in such a way that the utility gained from the last rupee spent on each commodity is equal.

(c) Balance of payments

(a) Reserve Bank of India

(d) All the above

(a) Hartley withers

(a) G N P_MP __ Depreciation

(d) Consumer’s Sovereignty

Average variable costs can be defined as TVC ÷ Q .

(1) Respiratory system. 

(2) Stomata. 

(3) Lenticels on stem. 

(4) Gaseous exchange. 

(1) First trophic level (or) T₁ . 

(2) Lion, Tiger, Hawk. 

(3) Producers or green plants. 

(4) Only 10%.

(d) Pressure testing

Non-Destructive Inspection (NDI): Pressure test is a non-destructive testing performed to identify any leakages, to know the strength of hollow objects and piping equipment produced by casting and welding before the actual application.

Correct option is (b) 687 

ATI = n + (1 – P_a) (N – n) = 89 + (1 – 0.9397) (10000 – 89) 

= 686.63 ≈ 687

Correct option is (b) 83 cans 

Q^∗ = \(\sqrt{\cfrac{2\times1800\times16}{42\times0.2}}\) 

= 82.8 = 83 cans

Correct option is B

H₂CO₃ + Ca (OH)₂ \(\longrightarrow\) CaCO₃ + 2H₂O

So, Parent acid and parent base for the formation of calcium carbonate is H₂CO₃ and Ca (OH)₂ respectively.

Correct option is

Correct answer is A. By adding acid to water constant stirring

The process of dissolving an acid or a base in water is a highly exothermic one. The acid must always be added slowly to water with constant stirring. It water is added to concentrated acid, the heat generated may cause the mixture to splash out and cause burns.

Correct option is A. By adding acid to water with constant stirring.

In ∆APB, ∠APB = 180 - 90 = 90° (Linear pair) 

So AP² + BP² = AB²

⇒ x² +   BP² = 25

∴ BP = √(25 - x²) 

In ∆APB and ∆ABC

∠A = ∠A (Common)

∠ APB = ∠ABC (90° each)

 ∴ ∆APB ∼ ∆ABC (AA similarity) - (1)

Similarly, ∆BPC ∼ ∆ABC (AA similarity) - (2)

From (1) and (2) 

 ∆APB ∼ ∆BPC 

⇒ AP/BP = BP/PC

 ⇒ BP² = AP × PC

⇒ 25 - x² = x(5 + x)

⇒ (5 + x)(5 - x) = x(5 + x)

⇒ 5 - x = x

∴ 2x = 5

x = 2.5. 

PC = x + 5 = 7.5 units

Given:

Spent on repairs = Rs. 110

P’s profit = 20%

Q’s loss = 10%

R’s profit = 10%

R’s S.P = Rs. 11880

Calculations:

Let P’s C.P be x.

∴ According to the question,

⇒ 110% of 90% of 120% of x = 11880

⇒ 110 / 100 × 90 / 100 × 120 / 100 × x = 11880

⇒ x = (11880 × 10 × 10 × 10) / (11 × 9 × 12)

⇒ x = 10000

∴ P purchased it for Rs. (10000 - 1100) = Rs. 8900

Given:

Total Profit = 65%

1^st seller profit = 20%

2^nd seller profit = 25%

Calculations:

Let the original price of the diamond be Rs. P

Let the Profit earned by the third seller be x%.

According to the question,

⇒ (100 + x)% of 125% of 120% of P = 165% of P

⇒ (100 + x)/100 × 125/100 × 120/100 × P = 165/100 × P

⇒ 100 + x = [(165 × 100 × 100 × 100)/(125 × 120 × 100)]

⇒ 100 + x = 110

⇒ x = 110 – 100

⇒ x = 10%

The profit of the third seller is 10%.

Given:

Spent on repairs = Rs. 1100

P’s profit = 20%

Q’s loss = 10%

R’s profit = 10%

R’s S.P = Rs. 11880

Calculations:

Let P’s C.P after repairing be x.

∴ According to the question,

⇒ 110% of 90% of 120% of x = 11880

⇒ 110/100 × 90/100 × 120/100 × x = 11880

⇒ x = (11880 × 10 × 10 × 10)/(11 × 9 × 12)

⇒ x = 10000

∴ P purchased it for Rs. (10000 – 1100) = Rs. 8900

Given: 

Mohit bought a stereo is Rs. 5,863 

Formula Used: 

Loss% =(Loss/CP) × 100 

Calculation: 

Loss = (5,863 + 1,370) - 5,700 = 1,533

Loss% = 1,533/(5,863 + 1,370) × 100 = 21.19%

∴ The required answer is 21.19% 

When a reproducing cell commences division, it primarily starts to make a replica of its DNA. This replica will be separated from the original DNA. Since a DNA can’t build up an organism all by itself, cell divides into two. We get a cell with new DNA. According to the DNA codes, the proteins are made in the new cell. Accordingly, the cell evolves as a new individual which looks similar to the original cell. There two cells are similar in their body designs and physiology, but they are not identical. So, there is always a chance of variation.

• In an asexually reproducing organism, variation is limited. Organisms create exact copies of themselves, a clone. But, the chances of variation are very high in a sexually reproducing organism.

Point mutation occurs due to change in a single base pair of DNA. It occurs due to defect caused by the single base substitution at the sixth condon of the beta chain of haemoglobin from GAG to GUG. 

This causes substitution of glutamic acid by valine. The defective haemoglobin molecule undergoes polymerization under low oxygen tension causing sickle- shaped red blood cells.

(a). Number of fish caught per trap 

(b). Birth rate = \(\frac{20}{100}\) = 0.2 frogs per year

• Bacteria and yeast are the hosts.
• Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes (BACs) and Yeast Artificial Chromosomes (YACs)are the vectors.

If denaturation of double-stranded DNA does not take place, then primers
will not be able to anneal to the template, no extension will take place,
hence no amplification will occur.

1. High blood pressure 

2. Stress related ailments 

3. Sleep disruption 

4. Hearing impairment

Lyon’s hypothesis states that in mammals the necessary dosage compensation is accomplished by the inactivation of one of the X chromosome in females so that both males and females have only one functional X chromosome per cell.

Mary Lyon suggested that Barr bodies represented an inactive chromosome, which in females becomes tightly coiled into a heterochromatin, a condensed and visible form of chromatin Lyon’s hypothesis). The number of Barr bodies observed in cell was one less than the number of X-Chromosome. XO females have no Barr body, whereas XXY males have one Ban- body.