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Organic chemistry is the study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and preparation of carbon-containing compounds, which include not only hydrocarbons but also compounds with any number of other elements, including hydrogen (most compounds contain at least one carbon–hydrogen bond), nitrogen, oxygen, halogens, phosphorus, silicon, and sulfur. This branch of chemistry was originally limited to compounds produced by living organisms but has been broadened to include human-made substances such as plastics.

Answer: Hydrophobic interactions

Hydrophobic interactions aids in keeping protein stable and biologically active by allowing the protein to reduce its surface area.

The prolonged opening of voltage-gated K⁺ channels  

Calcitonin is a 32 amino acid hormone secreted by the C-cells of the thyroid gland. 

Calcitonin has been preserved during the transition from ocean-based life to land dwellers and is phylogenetically older than parathyroid hormone.

C-cells of the thyroid gland.

1) Average velocity = Total Displacement

Total time

Here, Total displacement is equal to "10cm"

Because it is the shortest distance

And , Total time is "5 sec"

by putting this values in formula you will get

2cm/s

2) Average Speed = Total distance travelled

Total time taken

Total distance for a circle =2πr

but here , distance will be 2πr/2

And time will be 5 sec

By putting this values in the formula you will get

πr /5 = 2π

Let heights difference between A and B = H

Given :-

t = T/3

t = 5T/6

As we know that, Time of Flight,

T = 2u Sinθ/g

u Sinθ = gT/2 ------(1)

For A,

h = usinθ t - 1/2 gt²

h = usinθ × T/3 - gT²/18

h = gT²/6 - gT²/18

h = 2gT²/18

For B,

h' = usinθ t - 1/gt²

h' = gT/2 × 5T/6 - 1/2 g 25T²/36

h' = 5gT²/12 - 25gT²/72

h' = 5gT²/72

Again,

H = h - h' = 2gT²/18 - 5gT²/72

H = (8gT² - 5gT²)/72

H = 3gT²/72

H = gT²/24

A. It is a long acting selective β₂ agonist bronchodilator.

Agar is contained in all algal species of the following orders: Gelidiales, Gracilariales, Ceramiales, and Rhodymeniales (Fredericq et al., 1996). However, the polysaccharide is traditionally obtained from red algae belonging to the genera Gracilaria, Ahnfeltia, Gelidium, and Pterocladiella.

In C₆H₅CH₂NH₂, N is not directly attached to the benzene ring. Thus, its lone pair is not delocalized over the benzene ring. Therefore, the electrons on the N atom are more easily available for protonation in C₆H₅CH₂NH₂ than in C₆H₅NH₂ i.e.C₆H₅CH₂NH₂ is more basic

The process of calcium chloride heat-shock transformation encourages bacterial cells to uptake DNA from the surrounding environment.The ice-cold CaCl2 solution facilitates binding of DNA to the surface of the cell, which then enters the cell after a short period of heat- shock (3).

Insulin has several effects in liver which stimulate glycogen synthesis. First, it activates the enzyme hexokinase, which phosphorylates glucose, trapping it within the cell.

A M-cholinimimetic agent is Pilocarpine.

Lobeline cholinomimetics is a plant derivative with lower potency than nicotine but with a similar spectrum of action.

b)  Atropine

d) Isoflurophate 

c) Carbachol 

Indicate the location of M₂ cholinoreceptor type Heart.

d) Dramatic hypertension and tachycardia 

b) Bronchodilation 

c) Edrophonium 

c) Autonomic effector cells

b) Dryness of mouth, hyperpyrexia, hallucination

d) Bethanechol 

(b) Acts on two different objects

Correct answer is (a) 10

Position vectors of \(\vec A\,\&\,\vec B\) are \(\hat i+\hat j + \hat k\) and \(2\hat i+5\hat j\) respectively.

\(\therefore\) Direction vector of line AB is \(\vec a=(2\hat i+5\hat j)-(\hat i+\hat j+\hat k)\)

⇒ \(\vec a=\hat i+4\hat j-\hat k\)

Position vectors of \(\vec C\,\&\,\vec D\) are \(3\hat i+2\hat j - 3\hat k\) and \(\hat i-6\hat j - \hat k\) respectively.

\(\therefore\) Direction vector of line CD is

\(\vec b=(\hat i-6\hat j-\hat k)-(3\hat i+2\hat j-3\hat k)\) 

⇒ \(\vec b=-2\hat i-8\hat j+2\hat k\) 

Let angle between line AB and CD is θ.

\(\therefore\) cos θ = \(\frac{\vec a.\vec b}{|\vec a||\vec b|}\)

⇒ cos θ = \(\left|\frac{(\hat i+4\hat j-\hat k).(-2\hat i-8\hat j+2\hat k)}{\sqrt{1^2+4^2+(-1)^2}\sqrt{(-2)^2+(-8)^2+2^2}}\right|\)

\(=\left|\frac{-2-32-2}{\sqrt{18}\sqrt{72}}\right|\) 

\(=\left|\frac{-36}{\sqrt{18}\sqrt{18}.\sqrt4}\right|\)

\(=\frac{36}{18\times2}\) = 1 = cos 0°

\(\therefore\) θ = 0°

Hence, lines/vectors \(\vec {AB}\) and \(\vec {CD}\) are collinear.

∵ \(\overrightarrow{q}\times\overrightarrow{p}=-(\overrightarrow{p}\times\overrightarrow{q})\)

∴ Angle between \((\overrightarrow{p}\times\overrightarrow{q})\) & \((\overrightarrow{q}\times\overrightarrow{p})\) is 180°.

(Because both vectors have same magnitude but opposite directions)

As more and more infrared radiations are trapped, the atmosphere becomes hotter and the global temperature rises up. This is known as global warming. There has been a marked increase in the levels of CO₂ in the atmosphere due to severe deforestation and burning of fossil fuels.

(1) Oxidative cracking process in the formation of ethylene is a significant step. 

(2) Fuel cells for cellular phones have been developed. This cell last for the full life time of the phone.

CO combines with haemoglobin to forms a complex entity, carboxyhaemoglobin which is about 300 times more stable than oxyhaemoglobin. In blood, when the concentration of carboxyhaemoglobin reaches 3 -4%, the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is significantly reduced. In other words, the body becomes oxygen starved. This results into headache, nervousness, cardiovascular disorder, weak eyesight etc.

The correct option is Parenchyma and Sclerenchyma

• Lignin was found to be predominant in the sclerenchyma ring of the cortex at all the studied growth stages and cultivars, but it was also found in the epidermis, parenchyma and vascular tissue

                                       TO-LET

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1.Three major consequences of air pollution:

• We cannot get pure oxygen for inspire. 
• Air pollution causes global warming. 
• It leads to acid rain. 
• It leads to diseases.

2. Two suitable methods to control air pollution:

• Plant trees. 
• Reduce the use of motor vehicles. 
• Do not burn plastics.

b) 5760 

no. of bricks 

= volume of wall/volume of bricks

n = 1600*1200*45/50*25*45 

[16m = 1600cm and 12m = 1200cm]

n = 5760

Correct option  (1)  Np, Pu

Explanation:

Np & Pu :  +3, + 4, + 5, + 6, + 7

Cf & Bk :  +3 & + 3, + 4, respectively

Np & Pr : +3

Ac & Th : +3 & + 4 respectivey