Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

प्रसंग : प्रस्तुत पद्यांश हमारी पाठ्य पुस्तक ‘साहित्य गौरव’ के आधुनिक कविता ‘कायर मत बन’ से लिया गया है जिसके रचयिता नरेन्द्र शर्मा हैं।

संदर्भ : कवि मनुष्य को कायर न बनने का संदेश एवं मानवता को अत्यधिक महत्व देते हुए दुष्टों के सम्मुख आत्मसमर्पण न करने के लिए कहते हैं।

व्याख्या : प्रस्तुत पद्यांश में कवि मनुष्य को संबोधित करते हुए कहते हैं कि हे मानव तुम सब कुछ बनो किन्तु डरपोक या कायर मंत बनो। मार्ग में यदि पत्थर भी तुम्हारे मार्ग को रोकते हैं, तो ठोकर मार कर उन्हें वहाँ से हटा दो, किन्तु उनके सामने तुम झुको नहीं। माथा पटकना अर्थात् जीवन में आनेवाली कठिनाइयों से निराश होना व्यर्थ हैं।

विशेष : भाषा – शुद्ध साहित्यिक खड़ी बोली।
भाव – सरल, सरस एवं प्रवाहमय।

अबकी कवि (कुँवर नारायण) घर लौटे।

देश को दुश्मनों से बचाना है।

वृक्ष की पगड़ी फूल और पत्तीदार है।

सूखी डाल राइफिल-सी है।

A line intersecting the circle at two distinct points is calIed a secant.

Second World War caused horrible destruction the world:

1. All the nations involved incurred huge expenses.
2. America had spent 350 million dollars and other nations had more than one thousand billion dollars.
3. Property worth the same amount was destroyed.
4. England lost its property worth 2000 crore and Germany unimaginable.
5. These nations had given prime importance to the production of arms and ammunition, that too at the cost of other basic necessities.
6. As a result, there arose a dire scarcity of things for basic needs.
7. Production reduced, inflation increased and people struggled for livelihood. Several industries were also destroyed.
8. People were ruined economically.
9. This led to economic depression in the world.
10. The world economy and politics changed greatly.

Communism in China:

1. Many nations of the world were impressed by the way Russia had made a fast progress with its communist measures with the Bolshevik Revolution.
2. China, was also impressed Japan had become weak after the Second World War.
3. Under these circumstances, its control over China had receded.
4. Taking advantage of this, Mao-Tse-Tung established communist rule in 1949.

The Beginning of Cold War – long term effects:

1. After the World War II, the world again got divided into two groups.
2. One group was led by superpower America and another by Russia.
3. During the war, both these nations were friends.
4. After the war differences of opinion between them went on increasing.
5. Thus, the democratic America and the communist Russia became mutually opposite groups.
6. Other small nations of the world joined these groups according to their convenience.
7. These situations created the atmosphere of Cold War.

Tatya Tope was the trustworthy person for Nanasaheb Peshwa.

It is believed that Nanasaheb Peshwa stayed in village Shihor of Bhavnagar district in Gujarat.

Nanasaheb Peshwa undertook the leadership of the revolt in Kanpur.

The revolt of 1857 C.E. started on 10^th May.

Answer is B.  31^st May

B. Tatya Tope

The centres of revolt in North Gujarat were Ahmedabad, Patan, Kheralu, Vijapur, Mudeti and Chandup (Chandap).

The 7^th battalion of the British army joined the revolt in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, in June 1857

B. 7^th battalion of British Army in Ahmedabad

Answer is D. 10^th May

C. Tatya Tope

D. Kunwarsingh

The answer is (c) Valence

Valency remain same in a group.

ANSWER : c) Valence

Valence electrons increase from left to right in a period and remain same from top to bottom in a group.
Atomic radii and metallic character increases down the group

The answer is (b) (ii) and (iii)

Atomic radius is the distance between the nucleus and outermost orbital is shown clearly in images ii) and iii) where as in image i) and iv) it is not depicted.

The answer is (c) metalloids

• A metalloid is an element that has properties that are intermediate between those of metals and nonmetals. 
• Metalloids can also be called semimetals. 
• On the periodic table, the elements colored yellow, which generally border the stair-step line, are considered to be metalloids.

The answer is (b) Metalloid

• Element with atomic no. 14 is Silicon and is a metalloid.
•  It forms acidic oxide , thus behaving as a non- metal and also forms covalent halide, thus acting as a metal.

The answer is (a) An element with atomic number 7

• Element with atomic number 7 has electron configuration 2,5 which means it can gain 3 electrons and is a electronegative element. 
• It should be a non metal and non-metals will form acidic oxide.

If we see the options in (a) at. No 7 is nitrogen which forms 5 types of oxides in which some of them are neutral so we can’t say it forms acidic oxide and option (b) is at. no 3 which is lithium, it is a metal it forms basic oxide and same goes with option (c) it is magnesium which forms basic oxide too. In option (d) at. no 19 which is chlorine which forms all acidic oxides.

It is written that it forms acidic oxide so it is confirmed that the element is nonmetal and atomic number 14 element is carbon (C).

Let f (n) = sin(sin^-1n) 

let n₁ n₂ ∈ [-1, 1] 

f(n₁) = f(n₂) ⇒ sin(sin^-1n₁) 

= sin[sin₁(n2)] 

⇒ n₁= n₂ 

hence f is one-one 

let y = sin (sin^-1 n) = n 

∀ y ∈ [-1,1] ∃ [-1, 1] 

f(n) = n hence f is onto 

since f is one-one and onto it is bijective.

(c) Salivation at the sight of food

Reflex action is an action which is nearly instantaneous and not under the control of the will. The impulse passes from the sensory cells of the receptor organ along the dorsal root into the spinal cord. From here two messages pass simultaneously—one to the brain and the other travels out along the ventral root to reach the muscle which immediately responds.

A natural reflex is the one in which no previous experience or learning is required and are inborn and protective, e.g., the sucking of milk of an infant from the breast of the mother or reflex of the eyelid.

The X is Calcium oxide

 CaO(s) + H₂O(l) → Ca(OH)₂ (aq)

Adsorption of hydrogen on glass is an endothermic process because heat is absorbed during the process due to dissociation of hydrogen.

The focal length, power and chromatic aberration are dependent on the refractive index of the lens, which itself is dependent on the wavelength of the light.

Correct Answer is: A) -3.4 eV

The energy in second Bohr orbit will be

-13.6 eV/n² = -13.6 eV/(2)²

= -13.6/4

 = -3.4 eV

Correct Answer is: C) Pentavalent

Pure germanium may be converted into an n-type semiconductor by ‘’doping” it with any donor impurity having 5 valence electrons in its outer shell.

Correct Answer is: D) In magnetic and electrical field both

A magnetic field (only one pole is shown) affects radioactive rays differently depending on the type of ray.

Alpha rays (heavy, positively charged particles) are deflected slightly in one direction.

 Beta rays (light, negatively charged electrons) are deflected strongly in the opposite direction.

The correct option is B) Isotopes.

Radioactive isotopes (also called radioisotopes) have unstable nuclei. These isotopes disintegrate to form atoms with stable nuclei by the release of subatomic particles and gamma rays (akin to X-rays). 

Beta particles originate in the nucleus, presumably by breakdown of a neutron into its proton-electron components.

Answer is (b) symmetric

Let L₁ direction ratio is a = 1, b = 1, c = 0 and L₂ direction ratio a₂ = 2, b₂ = 1, c₂ = 2

Hence line L₁ and L₂ has acute angle,

cos θ = |(a₁a₂ + b₁b₂ + c₁c₂)/(√(a²₁ + b²₁ + c²₁) x √(a²₂ + b²₂ + c²₂))|

cos θ = |(1 x 2 + 1 x 1 + 0 x 2)/(√(1² + 1² + 0²) x √(2² + 1² + 2²))|

cos θ = |(2 + 1 + 0)/√(1 + 1) x √(4 + 1 + 4)|

cos θ = |3/(√2 x √9)| 

cos θ = |3/3√2|

cos θ = 1/√2 

cos θ = cos π/4 

θ = π/4

Given, 

x = 2α+1 and y = α-1 is a solution of the equation 2x - 3y + 5= 0 

⇒ 2 × (2α + 1) – 3(α – 1) + 5 = 0 

⇒ 4α + 2 – 3α + 3 + 5 = 0 

⇒ α = -10

Given, 

x = 1 and y = 6 is a solution of the equation 8x - ay + a² = 0 

⇒ 8 × 1 – a × 6 + a² = 0 

⇒ a² – 6a + 8 = 0 

⇒ a² – 4a – 2a + 8 = 0 

⇒ a(a – 4) – 2(a – 4) = 0 

⇒ (a – 2)(a – 4) = 0 

⇒ a = 2, 4

Given that x = 1; y = 1 is a solution of 3x + ay = 6.

Thus 3(1) + a(1) = 6 

⇒ 3 + a = 6 

⇒ a = 6 – 3 = 3

Given that x = 2 – α and y = 2 + α is a solution of 3x – 2y + 6 = 0 

Thus 3 (2 – α) – 2 (2 + α) + 6 = 0 

⇒ 6 – 3α – 4 – 2α + 6 = 0 

⇒ -5α + 8 = 0

 ⇒ -5α = -8 

∴ α = 8/5

Three more solutions are

Let the tens and the units digits of the required number be x and y, respectively. 

Required number = (10x + y) 

10x + y = 7(x + y) 

10x + 7y = 7x + 7y or 3x – 6y = 0 ……….(i) 

Number obtained on reversing its digits = (10y + x) 

(10x + y) - 27 = (10y + x) 

⇒10x – x + y – 10y = 27 

⇒9x – 9y = 27 

⇒9(x – y) = 27 

⇒x – y = 3 ……..(ii) 

On multiplying (ii) by 6, we get: 

6x – 6y = 18 ………(iii) 

On subtracting (i) from (ii), we get: 

3x = 18 

⇒ x = 6 

On substituting x = 6 in (i) we get 

3 × 6 – 6y = 0 

⇒ 18 – 6y = 0 

⇒ 6y = 18 

⇒ y = 3 

Number = (10x + y) = 10 × 6 + 3 = 60 + 3 = 63 

Hence, the required number is 63.

correct answer is (a) x = 2, y = 3

The given system of equations is

\(\frac{2x}3-\frac{y}2+\frac{1}6=0\).......(i) 

\(\frac{x}2+\frac{2y}3=3\).........(ii)

 Multiplying (i) and (ii) by 6, we get 

4x – 3y = –1 ……..(iii) 

3x + 4y = 18 ………(iv) 

Multiplying (iii) by 4 and (iv) by 3 and adding, we get 

16x + 9x = –4 + 54 

⇒ x = 50/25 = 2 

Now, putting x = 2 in (iv), we have 

3 × 2 + 4y = 18 ⇒ y = 18−6/4 = 3 

Thus, x = 2 and y = 3.

Let us consider, one’s digit of a two digit number = x and

ten’s digit = y

The number is x + 10y

After reversing the digits,

One’s digit = y

and ten’s digit = x

The number is y + 10x

As per the statement,

x + 10y – 27 = y + 10x

y + 10x – x – 10y = -27

9x – 9y = -27

x – y = -3 …(1)

Again,

7 (x + y) = x + 10y

7x + 7y = x+ 10y

7x – x = 10y – 7y

6x = 3y

2x = y …(2)

Using Substitution method:

Substituting the value of y in (1)

x – 2x = -3

-x = -3

or x = 3

From (2): y = 2(3) = 6

Answer:

Number = x + 10y = 3 + 10( 6) = 63

Let us consider, one’s digit of a two digit number = x and

ten’s digit = y

The number is x + 10y

After interchanging the digits,

One’s digit = y and

ten’s digit = x

The number is y + 10x

As per the statement,

x + y= 15 ………….(1)

And,

y + 10x = x + 10y + 9

y + 10x – x – 10y = 9

9x – 9y = 9

x – y = 1 …(2)

On adding, we get

2x = 16

Or x = 8

On subtracting (2) from (1)

2y = 14

y = 7

Answer:

Number = x + 10y = 8 + 10( 7) = 78