Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

This section includes 7 InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Current Affairs knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.

1.

Ammonia and Nitric acid are two industrially important compounds. Account for the following: Nitrogen does not form a pentahalide.,

Answer»

SOLUTION :NITROGEN does not possess vacant d-orbitals in its VALENCE shell. So it cannot promote valence electrons and FORM pentavalent compounds.
Discussion
2.

Ammonia and Nitric acid are two industrially important compounds. Account for the following: Boiling point ofPH_3 is less than. that ofNH_3

Answer»

Solution :`NH_3` molecules are associated by intermolecular HYDROGEN BONDING. So its BOILING POINT is high. There are no hydrogen bonds in `PH_3`
Discussion
3.

Ammonia acts as a …………….agent.

Answer»

SOLUTION :REDUCING
Discussion
4.

Ammong the following, the element having highest ionization enthalpy as positive electron gain enthalpy is

Answer»

H
F
He
Na

Answer :C
Discussion
5.

Ammonia

Answer»

FORMS ammoniumsalts when treated with acids.
Forms METAL HYDROXIDES when its reacts with metallic salts.
It is SOLUBLE in water.
Ammonia molecule is octahedral in shape

Answer :A::C::D
Discussion
6.

Amitwantedtorenovate hisoffice.Hewantedto installdoors/ windowsmade up of ironbut hisfriendsuggestedhimtouse windows/doorsmade upofaluminium. Amitaccepted thesuggestionofhisfriend. Afterreadingthe abovepassage,answerthe followingquestions : (i) Whatvaluesaresuggested byAmit'sfriendwhichchangedhismindtousewindows/doorsmadeup ofaluminium insteadoriron ? (ii) Giveone principleoreeachofironandaluminium. (iii) How isironandaluminiumobtainedfrom theirrespectiveores ?

Answer»

Solution :(i) Iron is pronetocorrosionbyrustingwhenexposedto air andmoisture. Therefore,toprotect itfromrusting, ironwindows/doorshavetobe paintedperiodecally.Inconstrast,whenexposedto air andmoisture,aluminiumformsan impervious coatof` Al_2O_3 `whichprotectsthe metalfrom furthercorrosion. Besides this,aluminiumframesandpanelslookmoredecorativethan THOSEOF ironandalsopaintingisnotrequired.
(II) Theprincipleore ofironishaematite` (Fe_2O_3) `whilethat ofaluminium isbauxite` (Al_2O_3)`.
(III) Ironisobtainedbyreductionofpurified` Fe_2O_3 `with coke inablastfurnace butaluminiumbeingmoreelectropositivethanironcannotbereducedbycoketo aluminiummetalbutinsteaditformsaluminiumcarbide
`2Al_2O_3(s) + 9C (s) overset ("Heat") to Al_4C_3(s) +6CO (g) `
Therefore,AL isobtained by electroysis offusedpurified` Al _2 O _3`towhichcryolite` (Na_3AlF_6) ` and fluorspar`(CaF_2) `havebeen addedtomakealuminaagoodconductorofelectricityandalsotoreducethemeltingpointofthe MIX.
Discussion
7.

Amino (-NH_(2)) group is susceptible to oxidation by HNO_(3). Therefore, nitration is done in the presence of:

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dil `H_(2)SO_(4)`
`CS_(2)" at "0^(@)C`
`CH_(3)COCL`
water.

Answer :C
Discussion
8.

Aminoglycosides are usually used as:

Answer»

antibiotic
analgesic
hypnotic
antifertility

Solution :Theaminoglycosides are AMONG the OLDEST ANTIBIOTICS.
Discussion
9.

Amino group is ortho-, para-directing for aromatic electrophilic substitution. On nitration of aniline, good amount of m-nitroaniline is obtained. This is due to-

Answer»

Amino GROUP is ORTHO-,para-directing for aromatic electrophilic substitution. On NITRATION of aniline, good amount of m-nitroaniline is obtained. This is due to
`-NH_(2)` BECOMES `-NH_(3)^(+)`, which is m-directing
`-NH_(2)` becomes `-NH^(+)SO_(4)^(-)`, which is m-directing
`-NH_(2)` becomes `-NH^(-)NO_(2)^(+)`, which is m-directing

Solution :Protonation of the `-NH_(2)` group gives `overset(+)(N)H_(3)` which is m-directing.
Discussion
10.

Amino group is ortho, para-directing for electrophilic substitution on nitration of aniline good amount of m-nitroaniline is added. This is due to

Answer»

In nitration mixture, ORTHO, para-activity of `NH_(2)` group is completely lost
`-NH_(2)` becomes `-NH_(3)^(+)`, which is meta directing
`-NH_(2)` becomes `-NH^(+)4O_(square)^(-)`, which is m-direction
`-NH_(2)` becomes `-NH^(-)NO_(2)^(+)`, which is m-direction.

Answer :B
Discussion
11.

Amino group is ortho, para-directing for aromatic electrophilic substituion. On nitration of aniline, a good amount of m-nitroaniline is obtained. This is the to

Answer»

In nitration mixture, ortho, para-activity of `NH_(2)` group is completely lost
`-NH_(2)` becomes `-NH_(3)^(+)`, which is m-directing
`-NH_(2)` becomes `-NH^(+)SO_(4)^(-)` which is m-directing
`-NH_(2)` becomes `NH^(-)NO_(2)^(+)`, which is m-directing.

Solution :On direct nitration of aniline, LONE pair of electrons present at nitrogen ATOM will accept proton from the NITRATING mixture to give anilium ion which is meta directing.
Discussion
12.

Amino group in anilines it ortho and para directing. But on nitration, aniline gives an appreciable amount of m-nitroaniline alos. Explain.

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Solution :In the stronly acidic medium, aniline is protonated to form the ANILINIUM ion which is meta DIRECTING. That is why besides the ortho and PARA DERIVATIVES, significant amount of meta DERIVATIVE is also formed
Discussion
13.

Amino group in aniline is o, p-directing and activating in electrophilic substitution reactions.

Answer»


ANSWER :T
Discussion
14.

Amino aicds behave like saltsratherthan simpleaminess orcarboxylic aicds. Explain.

Answer»

Solution :In aqueoussolution , the carboxyl GROUP lose a protonand AMINO group accepts a protontoforma ZWITTER ion .
`R - UNDERSET(NH_(2))underset(|)(CH) - OVERSET(O)overset(||)(C) hArr R - underset("(Zwitter ion)")underset(+)underset(NH_(3))underset(|)(CH) - overset(O)overset(||)(C) -O^(-)`
Discussion
15.

Amino acids which has phenolic -OH group assist backbone is Leucine.TRUE/FALSE

Answer»


ANSWER :TYROSINE
Discussion
16.

Amino acids serine, aspartic acid and phenylalanine are present on the active site of an enzyme . Structure of these amino acids are given in the book. Explain which forces may be involved in binding the drug to the enzyme if the drug inhibits the holding of substrate on the active site of enzyme/

Answer»

SOLUTION :`-OH` GROUP of serine , `-COOH` group of aspartic ACID and phenyl RING of phenylalanine help to bind the DRUG to the enzyme.
Discussion
17.

Amino acids usually exist in the form of Zwitterions which consist of:

Answer»

The BASIC GROUP `-NH_2` and the ACIDIC group `-COOH`
The acid group `-NH_3^+` and the basic group`CO_2^-`
The acid group `CO_2^+`and the acidic group `NH_3^-`
No acidic or basic group

Answer :B
Discussion
18.

Amino acids may be acidic, alkaline or neutral. How does this happen ? What are essential and non-essential amino acids ? Name one of each type.

Answer»

Solution :Amino acidshave the structure :
`R - underset(NH_(2))underset(|)(CH) - overset(O)overset(||)(C) - OH hArr R - underset(+NH_(3))underset(|)(CH) - overset(O)overset(||)(C) - O^(-)`
The carboxyl group can lose a proton and this proton can link with NH, group. But on the WHOLE the molecule will be neutral. In slightly acidic medium, — `NH_(2)` will gain Ht but the carboxyl group will remain unaffected. Therefore the amino acid will BEHAVE as acidic. In slightly alkaline medium, the Ht from the carboxylic acid will be removed. But `- NH_(2)`group will remain unaffected. Therefore, the amino acid will behave as alkaline.
Amino acids which cannot be SYNTHESISED in human body and must be obtained through diet are known as essential amino acids. For example, valine.
The amino acids which can be synthesised in the human body are CALLED non-essential amino acids. Example, glycine.
Discussion
19.

Amino acids show amphoteric behaviour. Why?

Answer»

Solution :AMINO ACIDS SHOW AMPHOTERIC behaviour because they react with both acids and bases.
Discussion
20.

Amino acids have peptide linkage which is

Answer»

`-CO-NH-`
`-C-NH_(2)`
`SO-NH-`
`-CO-N-`

Solution :TWO or more amino acids units through a bond -CO-NH- . Which is KNOWN as PEPTIDE bond or peptide linkage.
Discussion
21.

Amino acids generally exist in the form of Zwitter ions. This means they contain

Answer»

basic - `NH_2` group and acidic -COOH group
the basic - `overset+NH_3` group and acidic `-COO^-` group
basic -`NH_2` and acidic - `H^+` group
basic -`COO^-` group and acidic - `overset+NH_3` group

Solution :Zwitter ion contains both +ve and -ve charge. Proton of -COOH group is transferred to the `-NH_2` group . `-NH_3^+` group is acidic since it can donate a proton and `-COO^-` group is basic since it can ACCEPT a proton
Discussion
22.

Amino acids contains________and_______functional groups.

Answer»

SOLUTION :AMINO, CARBOXYL
Discussion
23.

Amino acids can be classified into essential and non-essential amino acids. Write one example each for essential amino acid.

Answer»

SOLUTION :VALINE- ESSENTIAL amino acid,Glycine- NON- essential amino acid
Discussion
24.

Amino acids can be classified into essential and non-essential amino acids. What is the basis of suchclassification ?

Answer»

Solution :Amino ACID which the human body cannot synthesise are CALLED essential amino acids. These amino acids are to be SUPPLIED through diet (essential In the diet). Amino acids which can be synthesised in the body are called non-essential amino acids because they are not essential in the diet.
Discussion
25.

Amino acids can be classified as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, delta- and so on depending upon the relative positions of amino group with respect o carboxyl group. Which type of amino acids form polypeptide chain in proteins ?

Answer»

Solution :`ALPHA`-AMINO ACIDS forms polypeptide CHAIN in PROTEINS.
Discussion
26.

Amino acids can be classified as alpha-,beta-,gamma-,delta- and so on depending upon the relative position of amino group with respect to carboxyl group . Which type of amino acids form polypeptide chain in proteins ?

Answer»

SOLUTION :`alpha-` Amino acids form polypeptide chains in PROTEINS. Their general STRUCTURE is
`R-underset(alpha-"Amino ACID")underset(NH_(2))underset(|)(CH)-COOH`
Discussion
27.

Amino acids behaves as a dipolar ion . Whatis this know as ?

Answer»

SOLUTION :ZWITTER on
Discussion
28.

Amino acids behave like salts rather than simple amines or carboxylic acids. This behavior is due to the presence of both acidic (COOH) and basic (-NH_(2) group in the same molecule. In aqueous solution, the carboxyl group can lose a proton and amino group can accept a proton, giving rise to a dipolar lon known as Zwitter ion.Which of the following is the major species in a solution of lysine at pH = 3.5?

Answer»




ANSWER :C
Discussion
29.

Amino acids behave like salts rather than simple amines or carboxylic acids. This behavior is due to the presence of both acidic (COOH) and basic (-NH_(2) group in the same molecule. In aqueous solution, the carboxyl group can lose a proton and amino group can accept a proton, giving rise to a dipolar lon known as Zwitter ion.Zwitter ion exists.

Answer»

) at PH = 7
 in ACIDIC MEDIUM
 in basic medium
at a SPECIFIC pH

Answer :D
Discussion
30.

Amino acids are the building block of

Answer»

fats
vitamins
proteins
carbohydrates

Answer :C
Discussion
31.

Amino acids behave like salts rather than simple amines or carboxylic acids. Explain.

Answer»

Solution :In AQUEOUS solution , the carboxyl group loses a proton and the amino group accepts a proton. In other words the carboxyl and amino groups neutralize each other to form ZWITTERION.
`R-UNDERSET(alpha "Amino acid")underset(NH_2)underset(|)CH-COOHhArr R-underset("Zwitterion")underset(.^+NH_(3))underset(|)(CH)-COO^(-)` .
Discussion
32.

Amino acids are synthesised from :

Answer»

`alpha`-galo acids by reaction with `NH_(3)`.
aldehydes by reaction with `NH_(3)` and cyanide ion followed by hydrolysis.
alkyl HALIDES by reaction with the ENOLATE anion derived from DIETHYL acetamidomalonate and hydrolysis.
alcoholby reaction with `NH_(3)` and `CN^(-)` ion followed by hydroysis.

Solution :N//A
Discussion
33.

Amino acids are produced by the hydrolysis of

Answer»

fats
proteins
nucleic acids

Answer :B
Discussion
34.

Amino acids are least soluble :

Answer»

at p H 7
at their isoelectric points
at p H AROUND 7
None of these.

Answer :D
Discussion
35.

Amino acids are classified as acidic, basic or neutral depending upon the relative number of amino and carboxyl groups in their molecule. Which of the following are acidic ?

Answer»

`(CH_(3))_(2)CH-underset(NH_(2))underset("|")"CH"-COOH`
`HOOC-CH_(2)-CH_(2)-underset(NH_(2))underset("|")"CH"-COOH`
`H_(2)N-CH_(2)-CH_(2)-CH_(2)-COOH`
`HOOC-CH_(2)-underset(NH_(2))underset("|")"CH"-COOH`

Solution :(B) and (D)
Amino acids with a greater number of -COOH GROUPS COMPARED to `-NH_(2)` are acidic amino acids.
Discussion
36.

Amino acids are classified as acidic , basic or neutral depending upon the relative number of amino and carboxyl groups in their moleucle. Which of the following are acidic ?

Answer»

`(CH_3)_(2)(CH)-underset(NH_2)underset(|)CH-COOH`
`HOOC-CH_2-CH_2-underset(NH_2)underset(|)(CH)-COOH`
`H_(2)N-CH_(2)-CH_2-CH_2-COOH`
`HOOC-CH_2-underset(NH_2)underset(|)(CH)-COOH`

Solution :Optins (b and d) have two `-COOH` and one `-NH_(2)` group and hence are acidic.
Discussion
37.

Amino acids are bifunctional containing ______ group.

Answer»

CHO and COOH
OH and COOH
`NH_(2)`and COOH
`NO_(2)`and COOH

SOLUTION :`NO_(2)`and COOH
Discussion
38.

Amino acids are __________

Answer»

LIQUIDS
volatile SOLIDS
non-volatile crystalline compounds
mixtureof amines and acids

ANSWER :C
Discussion
39.

Amino acids are

Answer»

Liquids
Volatile solids
NON-volatile CRYSTALLINE compounds
MIXTURE of amines and acids

Solution :Amino acids are non volatile crystalline compound
Discussion
40.

Amino acid usually exist in the form of Zwitterions which consist of :

Answer»

The BASIC GROUP , `-NH_2` and the ACIDIC group -COOH.
The basic group , `-NH_3^+` and the acidic group` -COO^-`.
The basic group , `-COO^-` and the acidic group `-NH_3^+`.
No basicor acidic group as such

Answer :C
Discussion
41.

Amino acid are

Answer»

Acidic
BASIC
Amphoteric
All of these

Solution :All of these. (d) is correct
(a) Amino acids which have TWO or more -COOH grops are acidic.
(B) Amino acids with two or more `-NH_(2)` groups are basic
(c) Amino acids having ONE -`NH_(2)`group and one -COOH group are amphoteric.
Discussion
42.

Amines posses …………….. Geometry.

Answer»


ANSWER :PYRAMIDAL
Discussion
43.

Amino acid present in insulin are:

Answer»

51
15
25
475

Answer :A
Discussion
44.

Amineshavelower B.P than

Answer»

ETHERS
ALKANES
alcholes
ALKYLHALIDE

SOLUTION :In alcoholsoxygen is moreelectrogative thannitrogen in AMINES . Hencealcoholsformsstrongintermoleculare hydrogenbondingthanamines,leadsto higherB.Pthanamines .
Discussion
45.

Amines have greater boiling point than alcohols

Answer»
Discussion
46.

Amines have :

Answer»

GARLIC ODOUR
FISHY odour
Jasmine odour odour
Bitter almonds

Answer :B
Discussion
47.

Amines formsaltwith H_(2)SO_(4) , themolar ratio of

Answer»

`2:2`
`2:1`
`1:2`
`2:3`

ANSWER :B
Discussion
48.

Amines have………..odour.

Answer»

CARBOLIC
MUSTARD oil
fishy
garlic

Answer :C
Discussion
49.

Aminesformsaltwith H_(2) SO_(4) the molarration of

Answer»

`2:2`
`2:1`
`1:2`
`2:3`

Solution :`2R -NH_(2)+ H_(2)SO_(4)to (RNH_(3)^(+) ) _(2)SO_(4)^(--)`
Discussion
50.

Amines can be prepared from phthalimide on treatment with ethanolic KOH and further heating with alkyl halide. This reaction is known as

Answer»

WURTZ reaction.
Gabriel phthalmide synthesis.
Sandmeyer's reaction.
Kolbe's reaction.

Answer :B
Discussion