1.

Amino group is ortho, para-directing for aromatic electrophilic substituion. On nitration of aniline, a good amount of m-nitroaniline is obtained. This is the to

Answer»

In nitration mixture, ortho, para-activity of `NH_(2)` group is completely lost
`-NH_(2)` becomes `-NH_(3)^(+)`, which is m-directing
`-NH_(2)` becomes `-NH^(+)SO_(4)^(-)` which is m-directing
`-NH_(2)` becomes `NH^(-)NO_(2)^(+)`, which is m-directing.

Solution :On direct nitration of aniline, LONE pair of electrons present at nitrogen ATOM will accept proton from the NITRATING mixture to give anilium ion which is meta directing.


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