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India is called a republic because of the applicable definition of a republic: a form of government in which representatives are entitled to act on behalf of the people whom they represent.

Election Commission

An independent and powerful commission appointed by the President of India to conduct free and fair election is called Election Commission. The commission has three members and once they are appointed, they are not answerable to the President or the government.

ElectionsinIndiaare considereddemocraticbecause of the following reasons: Every citizen has been given a right to vote i.e. to choose their representative, without discrimination and their vote being considered equal. It offers the citizens and parties to contentelectionsfreely and fairly.

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We need to give protection and support to unorganized sector workers because...

This sector is not registered by govt.The term employment here is not regular.This sector is not governed by any act. There is no any type of special holiday, as if any one has some problem then he can't take leave without permission if he did then he may out of job.

.....these all are difficulties faced by workers related from Unorganized sector.

Agriculture is the most labourabsorbing sector of the Indian economy.

In recent years, there has been adecline in dependence of population in agriculture. This decline is due to :

(i) Disguised unemployment

(ii)Surplus labour in agriculture has moved to either the secondary or tertiary sector.

India, a nation with many languages, religions and regions, emerged as an independent nation after a long and painful partition. Several princely states became a part of the country soon after independence. India was declared as a Union of States, by the Constitution. The Indian Union is based on the principles of federalism. When we look at the features mentioned above and if we apply it to the provisions of the Indian Constitution, we can see that almost every aspect is similar.

The Constitution earlier provided a two-tier system of government ....

The Union or Central Government representing the Union of India

The State governments

Later, Panchayats and Municipalities were added as a third tier of federalism. All these different forms of government enjoy separate jurisdiction.

The duties of the Union Government include subjects of national importance such as defense of the country, foreign affairs, banking, communications and currency. This is because, a uniform policy on these matters will be maintained throughout the country. All the laws pertaining to the above duties must be given only by the Union Government.

The duties of the State Governments include subjects of the State and local importance such as police, trade, commerce, agriculture and irrigation. All the laws pertaining to the above duties must be given only by the State Governments.

Some aspects have to be taken care of, by both, the Union Government as well as the State Governments. They are education, forest, trade unions, marriage, adoption and succession. Both governments can make laws on these subjects. If their laws conflict with each other, the law made by the Union Government will prevail.

We know that all the States in the Indian Union do not have identical powers. Some States enjoy a special status. Jammu and Kashmir has its own Constitution. Many provisions of the Indian Constitution are not applicable to this State without the approval of the State Assembly. Indians who are not permanent residents of this State cannot buy land or house here. Similar special provisions exist for some other States of India as well.

There are some units of the Indian Union which enjoy very little power. There are areas which are too small to become independent States but which could not be merged with any of the existing States also. These areas, like Chandigarh, or Lakshadweep or the capital city of Delhi, Pondicherry, are called Union Territories. These union territories do not have the powers of a State. The Central Government rules these areas. The basic structure of the Constitution is the sharing of power between the Union Government and the State governments.

Union Territories:

Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Chandigarh

Dadra and Nagar Haveli

Daman and Diu

Lakshadweep

National Capital Territory of Delhi

Pondicherry

The Parliament cannot change any arrangement on its own.

Both the Houses of Parliament with at least two-thirds majority have to pass the comment if there is any change.

The legislatures of at least half of the total States, have to then ratify it.

In the implementation of constitutional provisions and procedures, the judiciary plays an important role of overseeing.

The High Courts and the Supreme Court make a decision in case of any dispute about the division of powers.

The power to raise resources by levying taxes in order to carry on the government is given to the Union and State governments.

India a federal countrybecause of the following reasons: There are levels of governments—Central Government,StateGovernment and Local Government. ... TheIndianConstitution contains three lists which contain subjects in which the Union and theStateGovernments may form laws.

A wage worker is a person employed for a remuneration (in cash or kind) in the unorganised sector, by an employer or contractor for one or more employers, as a casual worker, or temporary worker, or migrant worker, or as domestic workers but on wage below a notified limit.

The minimum reserve is a token of confidence and doesn’t have any practical connection with amount new currencies issued by the RBI. Under the Minimum Reserve System, RBI can issue unlimited amount of currency by keeping the reserve. But RBI follows some principle or rule for issuing new currencies based upon economic growth and transaction needs of the people.

India is 7th largest in terms of its geographical area it has.

The worlds largest nations, measured in square kilometers of land area. India is the second largest nation in terms of population, and seventh largest in terms of area. India’s territory stretches for 3.29 million square kilometers.

A large disguisable part of the continent is called sub continent

India is the 7th largest country because of the area according to the earth

Some industrialists in 19th century Europe prefer hand labour over machines due to the following reasons:a. Machines were costly, ineffective, difficult to repair, and needed huge capital investments.

b. Labour was available at low wages at that period of time.

c. In seasonal industries only seasonal labour was required.

d. Market demands of variety of designs and colour and specific type could not be fulfilled by machine made clothes. Intricate designs and colours could be done by human-skills only.

e. In Victorian age, the aristocrats and other upper class people preferred articles made by hand only.

Mr. Khan Abdul Hameed Khan was elected as First Prime Minister ofAzadJammu and Kashmir.

(a)The four majordomainsof theearthare—Lithosphere, Atmosphere, Hydrosphere and Biosphere. (b)Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, South America, Australia and Antarctica. (e)More than 71% of theearthis covered with water.

The three types of movements or flows within the international economic exchange are trade flows, human capital flows and capital flows or investments. These can be explained as-the trade in agricultural products, migration of labour, and financial loans to and from other nations,(I) The flow of trade (trade in goods, e.g. cloth or wheat): India was a hub of trade in the pre-modern world, and it exported textiles and spices in return for gold and silver from Europe. Many different foods such as potatoes, soya, groundnuts, maize, tomatoes, chilies and sweet potatoes came to India from the Americas after Columbus discovered it. Fine cottons produced in India were exported to Europe. With industrialization, British cotton manufacture began to expand, and industrialists pressurized the government to restrict cotton imports and protect local industries. Tariffs were imposed on cloth imports and Britain. Consequently the inflow of fine Indian Cotton began to decline.(II) The flow of labour (the migration of people in search of employment): In the field of labour, indentured labour was provided for mines, plantations and factories abroad, in huge numbers, in the nineteenth century. This was an instrument of colonial domination by the British. Indentured laborers were hired under contacts which promised return travel to India after they had worked five years on their employer's plantation. Nineteenth century indenture has been described as a new system of slavery. Their living and working conditions were harsh, and there were few legal rights.(III) The movement of capital investments): Lastly, Britain took generous loans from USA to finance the World War. Since India was an English colony, the impact of these loan debts was felt in India too. Food and other crops for the world market required capital. Large plantations could borrow it from banks and markets. Shikaripuri Shroffs and Nattukottai Chettiars were amongst the many groups ofbankers and traders who financed export agriculture in central and Southest Asia, using either their own funds or those borrowed from Europeans banks. Indian traders and money lenders also followed Europeans colonizers into Africa. Hyderabadi Sindhi traders, however, ventured beyond Europeans colonies. From the 1860s they established flourishing emporia at busy ports worldwide, selling local and imported curious to tourists. The British government increased taxes, interest rates, and lowered the prices of products it bought from the colony. Indirectly, but strongly, this affected the Indian economy and people. All three flows were closely interlinked and affected peoples' lives.

Theeconomic problem– sometimes called thebasicorcentral economic problem– asserts that an economy's finiteresourcesare insufficient to satisfy all humanwantsandneeds. It assumes that human wants are unlimited, but the means to satisfy human wants are limited. The economic problem is the problem of rational management of resources or the problem of optimum utilization of resources. It arises because resources are scarce and resources have alternative uses

Three questions arise from this:

• What to produce?

• How to produce? &

• For whom to produce?

What to produce?

'What and how much will you produce?' This question lies with selecting the type of supply and the quantity of the supply, focusing onefficiency.

Rajendra Prasad( 3 December 1884 – 28 February 1963) was theFirst Presidentof the Republic of India.An Indian political leader, lawyer by training, Prasad joined theIndian National Congressduring theIndian independence movementand became a major leader from the region ofBihar. A supporter ofMahatma Gandhi, Prasad was imprisoned by British authorities during theSalt Satyagrahaof 1931 and theQuit India movementof 1942. Prasad served one term asPresident of the Indian National Congressfrom 1934 to 1935. After the 1946 elections, Prasad served as minister of food and agriculture in the central

Dr.Rajendra Prasad was the first president of India

dr.babu rajendra prasad

Dr. Rajendra Prasad was the first primeminister of India.

Rajendra Prasad(3 December 1884– 28 February 1963) was thefirstPresident of India, in office from 1952 to 1962.[1]

Rajendra Prasad(3 December 1884– 28 February 1963) was thefirstPresident of India, in office from 1952 to 1962.[1]

·Dr. Rajendra Prasad was the First President of Independent India.

The first President of India was Dr. Rajendra Prasad

The activity or profession of producing advertisements for commercial products or services.Advertising is a marketing communication that employs an openly sponsered ,non personal message to promote or sell a product .Its aim is to make its products sell an earn or increase profit.

ING form of advertise is advertising

Advertising is a marketing tactic involving paying for space to promote a product, service, or cause. The actual promotional messages are called advertisements, or ads for short. The goal of advertising is to reach people most likely to be willing to pay for a company's products or services and entice them to buy.

1. Telugu Desam Party (TDP)

Telugu Desam Party (TDP) is a regional political party in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. It is very active party. It was founded by NT Rama Rao with the help of N Bhaskara Rao in 1982.

Telangana Rashtriya Samiti (TRS)

TRS is a regional political party in Telangana state.

AIADMK – All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam

This is a regional political party in Tamilnadu and the union territory of Pondicherry (puducherry). DMK (Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam)

DMK is a regional political party in Tamilnadu and Puducherry. It was founded in 1949 C.N Annadurai. It’s political philosophy is social democracy and democratic socialism. Its election symbol is the Sun raising from between two mountains. Its flag is red and black.

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Janta Dal (secular)

JD(S) is a party led by the former prime minister of India HD Deve Gowda. It is a regional party in the states of Karnataka and Kerala. It was founded by HD DGowda in 1999. He separated from Janata Dal party due to differences in supporting the National Democratic Alliance.

LDF Left Democratic Front

It is a coalition of left parties in Kerala. Its main members are CPI (M), JD(S), Kerala congress party and CPI.

UDF (united democratic front)

UDF is a regional political party alliance in Kerala state.

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Pratibha Devisingh Patilis an Indian politician who served as the 12th President of India from 2007 to 2012, is first woman president of India

Archaeology and literature are the importantsources ofmaterial remains of medieval India and itsancient history.

Some of the sources of ancient history are statues, orthostats - stone structures with carvings on them, iconography, royal images, material remains or artifacts and buildings, graves, pottery, beads, remnants of weapons, and many other physical items.

The various archaeological sources are Inscriptions, Numismatics, Excavated Materials, mostly artifacts likepottery, toys, tools, Buildings, and Monuments (Architecture), Statues and Paintings (Art/Sculptures).

Studying these architectural and literature remains help in understanding thehistorical civilization during the proto-historical period.

The literary texts provide proper understanding and recitation of the Vedas thatdrive the social norms in the prevailing social practices.

Archaeology and literature are the importantsources ofmaterial remains of medieval India and itsancient history.

Some of the sources of ancient history are statues, orthostats - stone structures with carvings on them, iconography, royal images, material remains or artifacts and buildings, graves, pottery, beads, remnants of weapons, and many other physical items.

The various archaeological sources are Inscriptions, Numismatics, Excavated Materials, mostly artifacts likepottery, toys, tools, Buildings, and Monuments (Architecture), Statues and Paintings (Art/Sculptures).

Studying these architectural and literature remains help in understanding thehistorical civilization during the proto-historical period.

The literary texts provide proper understanding and recitation of the Vedas thatdrive the social norms in the prevailing social practices.

Many painters moved out to the courts of other emerging regional states with the decline of the Mughal empire. Hence the Mughal artistic tastes influenced the regional courts of the Deccan and the Rajput courts of Rajasthan. At the same time they developed and retained their distinctive features. Following the Mughal example, portraits of rulers and court scenes came to be painted. Apart from these, themes from mythology and poetry were depicted at centres such as: Mewar, Jodhpur, Bundi, Kota and Kishangarh.

Lord curzon wanted to part the bengal because he wanted to disunite the hindus and muslims of bengal.But he knew that if he said the true reasons he would be protested by both hindus and muslims so be gave the reason for partition of bengal that ghe state bengal was large state for administration and to make administration easy he parted bengal.Some people understood the real motive of lord curzon and began the anti partition movement. They made the anti partition movement to not to be divided and this was the spirit of nationalism among begal indjans thus they called the snti partition movement as swadeshi movement.

Governments are elected for a fixed period to ensure that they work properly so as to be elected again for the next time. It ensures the proper functioning by the government otherwise they can be removed from the office in the next election.

The three type of taxes collected during the Delhi Sultanate are:

1. On cultivation called the Kahraj, and amounting to about 50% of the peasants produce.

2. On Houses

3. On Cattles.

Following the attainment of Statehood in 1972, the State enacted the Manipur Panchayati Raj Act, 1975, which provided for athree-tier system of Panchayats.

MLAs are the direct representatives of the people, elected by the voters of an electoral district (constituency.

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The Special powers of the Rajya Sabha are in the form of initiating certain resolutions or bills. These are contained in Arts. 67, 249 and 312.

Under Art. 67, a resolution seeking the removal of the Vice-President can originate only in the Rajya Sabha. After the Rajya Sabha passes such a resolution by a majority of the then members of the House, it goes for approval of the Lok Sabha.

Ans. :- Functions of Gram Panchayat. a. RepresentativeFunctions: TheSarpanch, Members andGramSevak represent the voice and opinion of the village people on behalf of theGram Panchayatto the Taluka and Zilla level by attending the meetings or sending the official records.

The head of panchayat is sarpanch.....

sorry this is wrong

No it's correct......

The head of the panchayat is called the sarpanch

In panchayat the elected members are called "Panchayat Members"

1) panch 2) ward

When any policy is made in the Cabinet Secretariat there must be signature ofPrime Ministerand Cabinet Secretary of India. ThePrime Ministerof India is the Head of the Union (Federal) Government, as distinct from the President of India, who is the Head of State.

The Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha are collectively known as the Indian Parliament. the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha are the two houses of Parliament.

Lok sabha 1. The members of the lok sabha are directly elected by the people.2. Period of lok sabha is 5 years3.The maximum strength of lok sabha is 5524. Money Bill can only be introduced in the lok sabha.

Rajya sabha 1. Members are elected by the elected members of the state legislative assembly.2. After everysecond year which is replaced by the new members.3. Rajya sabha has not more than 250 members.4. The introduction of Money Bill is done exclusively in the Lok Sabha, which after the approval Lok Sabha, is sent to Rajya Sabha, for consideration.

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Mao Zedong(1893-1976) was one of the historic figures of the twentieth century. A founder of the CCP (Chinese Communist Party), he played a major role in the establishment of the Red Army and the development of a defensible base area in Jiangxi province during thelate1920s and early 1930s.

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solution=Number of 2 rupees coins = 21 and number of 5 rupees coins = 7

Solution:

Let us take number of 5 rupees coins as X and number of 2 rupees coins as Y

Amount of 5 rupees coin will make = 5X

Amount of 2 rupees coin will make = 3Y

Number of 2 rupees coin =

Number of 2 rupees coins are equal to 3X and number of 5 rupees is X

Total amount = 2( 3X ) + 5X = 11X

Now we can equate the amount which 11X = 77

X = 7

Now as we know the number of 2 rupees coin is 3X and number of 5 rupees coin is X, that means

Number of 2 rupees coins = 21 and number of 5 rupees coins = 7

Let the no. of five-rupee coins be xLet the no. of two-rupee coins be 3x

x + 3x = 774x = 77x = 77/4x = 19.25

He has 19.25 five-rupee coins.He has 3×19.25 = 57.75 two-rupee coins

Health plays a vital role in an individual’s working life, since no firm would be induced to employ people who might not work efficiently as healthy workers because of ill health and not only that, people who are physically or mentally ill cannot work.

1BECAUSE BRITISH IMPOSED TAXES IN EACH OF THIER ANIMAL SO AS A RESULT PASTORAL HAD TO REDUSE THE NUMBER OF ANIMALS2THEY DO NOT ALLOW PASTORAL TO ENTER IN FOREST THAT WERE RESERVED

Nomads are people who travel around from place to place without having one settled place where they live. Many are hunters and gatherers like the San. Often they are shepherds, goatherds, or cattle herders. Sometimes nomads do stay in one place all winter, and only travel in the summer, or the other way around.

Nomads are those who is moving from one place to another in search for their livelihood and pastures for their cattle

Information technology (IT) is playing a crucial role in contemporary society. It has transformed the whole world into a global village with a global economy, which is increasingly dependenton the creative management and distribution of information. Globalization of world economies has greatly enhanced the values of information to business organizations and has offered new business opportunities

Pastoral nomads, who depend on domesticated livestock, migrate in an established territory to find pasturage for their animals. Most groups have focal sites that they occupy for considerable periods of the year.

Nomadic pastoralism is a form of pastoralism when livestock are herded in order to find fresh pastures on which to graze. Strictly speaking, true nomads follow an irregular pattern of movement, in contrast with transhumance where seasonal pastures are fixed.

They raised cattle because they can earn money from thedairy products they get from it and above all it was the source living for them