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Tea;The tea plant grows well in tropical and sub-tropical climates endowed with deep and fertile well-drained soil, rich in humus and organic matter. Tea bushes require warm and moist frost-free climate all through the year. Frequent showers evenly distributed over the year ensure continuous growth of tender leaves.

A herbivore is an animal anatomically and physiologically adapted to eating plant material, for example foliage, for the main component of its diet. As a result of their plant diet, herbivorous animals typically have mouthparts adapted to rasping or grinding.

Scavengers are meat-eaters, but rather than catch prey they prefer to feed on animal remains left behind by predators. ... Large scavengers, such as vultures and hyenas, tear the remains apart and feed on big chunks of food.

Characteristics of interstitial compounds:

i. The chemical properties of interstitial compounds are similar to those of the parent transition metal.

ii. They are hard and lustrous.

iii. They exhibit electrical and thermal conductivity.

iv. They have melting points higher than pure metals, due to stronger metal—non-metal bonds as compared to metal–metal bonds in pure metals.

Four Rajput clansare considered to be Agnivanshi.They are Chauhans,Paramara,Solanki and Pratiharas.

The polar regions exhibit a polar frost climate (Peel and Finlayson, 2007) with summer mean temperatures near freezing.

A striking feature of contemporary polar landscapes is that high-stature vascular plants (trees and shrubs > 0.5 m tall) are largely absent, and completely so from the Antarctic.

1.Amapand aglobeare very muchdifferent. While amapgives a two dimensional presentation of certain regions in the world, aglobegives a three dimensional presentation of the entire world. Amapis easy to use and portable, whereas aglobeis not.When talking of accuracy, aglobeis more accurate than themap.

2.a scale diagram of the arrangement of rooms in one storey of a building.

3.north, east, south, and west,

thanks

North,south,east, andwestare the only true directions. The directions on the compass that are halfway between thesecardinal pointsare callednortheast,southeast,southwest, andnorthwest.

what is means by objectives

Isard 2018 in write up

Introduction about lifestyle and livelihoods

Two groups of microorganisms that produce antibiotics are Bacteria (e.g, Streptomyces produces Streptomycin) and some Fungi (e.g, Penicillin produced by Penicillium moulds)

Anuclear scientistis aphysicistwho studies how to harvest energy from atomic nuclei. This energy is used for purposes such as fuel, medicine and electricity.Nuclear scientistsgenerally have a Ph.D. in physics, which requires a strong aptitude in math andscience.

Robert Hookediscovered plant cells and discovered Hooke’s Law – the law of elasticity. He also:

invented the balance spring, vital for accurate timekeeping in pocket watches

invented a machine that cut teeth for cogs used in watches – these cogs were cut in finer detail than any person could have managed, enabling more delicate watch mechanisms to be developed.

a)badrinath templeb)konark sun templec)brihadeeswara templed)somnath templee)kedarnath Templef)sanchi stupa

DeforestrationUnplanned construction on river banks, forests,etcdue to water pollution through industries, and domestic use

Sufi and Bhakti Movement.

Ans :- Anecosystemincludes all of the living things (plants, animals and organisms) in a given area, interacting with each other, and also with their non-living environments (weather, earth, sun, soil, climate, atmosphere). This means the absence of one member or one abiotic factor can affect all parties of theecosystem.

discuss the important of forest

proto industrialisation means that the production of the setting up of factories in large quantity .successful in the countryside in England in 17th century because there was a person who are working in our homes for development and Labour are easily available

this means the 17 th century and18 centuries, merchants from towns and proto industralisation in England and there was large amount scale on industrial production for an international market by this reason England successful in countryside :1) the peasants or farmers had been shut out due to enclosure movement

protoindustrialisation means the clothes or dress make in houses by a person not in any industry

Proto industrialisation means a phrase of production where the merchants produce goods on a large scale under the domestic system. Under this system, the various stages of production such as ginning, spinning, weaving, dyeing, etc. were done in the countryside under the putting-out system.

Proto industrialization(also spelledproto industrialisation) was a possible phase in the development of modern industrial economies that preceded, and created conditions for, the establishment of fully industrial societies.Proto industrialisationgenerally refers to the phase beforeindustrialisation

There was mass production of goods for international market but not by machine rather than by hand . This period came to be know as proto- industralisation . It was successful in countryside because : a. guild restriction were powerful in town control price and competition. b. even ruler grant monopoly right to trade in specific product .c. new people were not allowed to trade .

proto industrialization means when the 17th century in Ingland there is basic needs of industrialization that was old industry before begging of industrialization revolution it is use large scale industrial revolution which was not based on factories

in 17th &18th centuries marchants who came from europe started moving country supplying money to peasants to produce for the international market

it was nothing but age of industry before the modern industry it was successful because of it provides a lot of work in country side

proto industrialisation means industrialisation in the early form of industrialisation it was very successful in England because factories first developed in England and hence the proto industrialisation for study occurs only in England

proto industrialisation means a phrase of production where the merchants produce goods on a large scale under the domestic system. under this system, the various stages of production such a ginning, spinning, weaving, dyeing ,etc. where done in the countryside under the putting- out system.

Proto-industrialisationis the phase ofindustrialisationthat was not based on the factory system. Before the coming of factories, there was large-scale industrial production for international market. However, the pace of this production was not on the level as seen during the industrial revolution.

The period before the setting up of industries in the England there was a large scale production for an international market this phase is known as proto industrialisation. It was successful in the countryside because in the cities or towns there were trade guilds and urban crafts who had so many powers of trade and they did not allow any new merchant to come in trade therefore these merchants started there trade in the countryside and people accepted that because during this time people lose their employment and they have very small land to cultivate which had very shrinkage income so they utilized this as an opportunity to supplement their income.

Westernisation is a process wherebysocietiescome under or adoptWestern culturein areas such asindustry,technology,law,politics,economics,lifestyle,diet,clothing,language,alphabet,religion,philosophy, andvalues.Effect :Westernization has been anaccelerating influence across the world in the last few centuries. The overall process of Westernization is often two-sided in that Western influences and interests themselves are joined with parts of the affected society.Origin:Westernization traces it roots back toAncient Greece. Later, theRoman Empirewould take on the first process of Westernization as it was heavily influenced by Greece and created a new culture based on the principles and values of the Ancient Greek society.

Has a cold solid interior - geologically dead thus no convection, changing surface

Has a cold solid interior - geologically dead thus no convection, changing surface

The difference between micro and macro economics is simple.

Microeconomics is the study of economics at an individual, group or company level. It focuses on issues that affect individuals and companies.

Macroeconomics, on the other hand, is the study of a national economy as a whole.

Farmers in the early 18th century started the enclosure movement to improve agriculture on a regular basis in the English countryside.

Enclosures were seen as necessary to make long-term investments on land and plan crop rotations to improve the soil. It also allowed the richer landowners to expand the land under their control and produce more for the market thus earning profits.

1) By commercialisation of agriculture we mean production of agricultural crops for sale in the market, rather than for family consumption.

2)Farmers were forced to sell their producers to meet the revenue needs of the alien government as well as urban demand. Peasants had to cough up some surplus at least for the market since money had become indispensable to them. Thus commercialisation of agriculture was not a spontaneous one.

it is process of cultivation of rice by planting on the dry field, transferring the seedlings to the flooded land and draining the field before harvesting

The values that inspire us for democratic governance are as follows :-

1) A democratic government is more accountable form of government.

2) A democratic government improves the quality of decision-making.

3) A democratic government provides us to deal with differences and conflicts

The values that inspire us for democratic governance are as follows :-

1) A democratic government is more accountable form of government.

2) A democratic government improves the quality of decision-making.

3) A democratic government provides us to deal with differences and conflicts.

length of train = 125 mtime taken to crossed the pole = 25 sec.speed = Distance /time = 125/25= 6 m/sec.so the speed of the train is 6 m/sec.

6 m/sc is the right answer of the following

In metropolitan agra city.

Exchange of gases takes place between the alveoli of lungs and the surrounding blood capillaries. The two main gases exchanged are oxygen and carbon-dioxide. Oxygen is absorbed by the blood capillaries from the lungs alveoli by diffusion while carbon-dioxide is absorbed by the lungs alveoli from blood capillaries by diffusion.Transport of oxygen and carbon-dioxide occurs with the help of respiratory pigment called hemoglobin.Hemoglobin, the iron containing respiratory pigment is a red colored pigment of blood, which has a very high affinity for oxygen. Hemoglobin though is purple colored but oxy-hemoglobin is of bright red color. Oxygen is transported from lungs to the body cells in the form of oxy-hemoglobin.Carbon-dioxide is transported from the body cell to the lungs in the forms of carboxy-hemoglobin, carbonic acid, bicarbonates of sodium and potassium.

through the help of blood capelleries surrounded near the lungs

A rock from which a particular mineral can be profitably extracted is called ore. The ores of metallic minerals are generally located in igneous rocks and metamorphic rocks.

Climate, land relief, soil and vegetation are the mainfactorswhich influenceagricultural activity. The growth of plants depends on the temperature and humidity of the land and the amount of light it receives. Climate, land relief, soil and vegetation are the mainfactorswhich influenceagriculturalactivity.

Civil War: A violent and massive conflict between opposing groups within a country

Rocks from which minerals are mined are known as ores.

Ores of metallic minerals are generally found in igneous and metamorphic rock formation.

Ore is a mineral from which one or more metals are extracted

By the late 19th century and early 20th century, written texts were often read aloud for several people to hear. Sometimes, novels were also read in this way, but in general novels encouraged reading alone and in silence.

Individuals sitting at home or travelling in trains enjoyed them.

Even in a crowded room, the novel offered a special world of imagination into which the reader could slip into, and be all alone.

In this way, reading a novel was more like daydreaming.

Factors that influence agriculture

Physical

Climate

Climatic factors include...

1. Temperature:

Most plants cannot grow if the temperature falls below 6°C or the soil is frozen for five consecutive months. As a consequence many areas are unsuitable for crop cultivation.

2. The growing season:

The number of days between the last frost of the spring and the first of the autumn. Different crops require different lengths of growing season. Cotton needs 200 days so could not survive in a British climate. Cereal crops are grown in the South-east of Britain as this is the area most likely to meet the necessary growing season. The shorter the required growing season the further north that crop can be grown. Oats can be found in Northern parts of the UK because they have a very short growing season.

3. Altitude:

This affects temperature so it also affects farming. In the Alps for example you will find dairy farming in valley bottoms and coniferous forestry further up.

When temperatures are consistently high with sufficient precipitation high yield crops such as rise can be grown. These have the added advantage of producing up to three crops a year.

4. Rainfall:

Water is obviously a key factor in plant growth. The greater the average temperature the greater the amount of water required for plant growth. Seasonal variation is important as different crops require water at different times. Coffee for example must have a period of drought before and during harvest whilst maize would benefit from heavy rain in the same period. A farmer is therefore looking for rainfall reliability so that he can select the most appropriate crop for the area.

Rice is the principal crop in the tropics because it requires substantial quantities of water, is a very high yield crop and has good nutritional value. With the addition of consistently high temperatures it can also produce two or three crops a year.

In the Mediterranean crop growth is affected by the summer drought despite high annual rainfall. The rainfall is very high in winter months but infiltration rates are comparatively low. In summer temperatures are very high, encouraging high rates of evapo-transpiration and consequently very dry soil and a low water table. There is a soil moisture deficit. These conditions are not conductive to plant growth.

5. Wind:

Wind can have a destructive effect on crops. At its most severe a hurricane can physically destroy thousands of acres of farmland. Less severe but also harmful are the winds that dry soils so reducing moisture and increasing the potential for soil erosion.

Soil

Soil type will influence crop cultivation because different crops prefer different soils.

Clay soils with their high water retention are well suited to rice whilst sandy soils with good drainage are good for root vegetables.

Soil type can be influenced through the input of lime, clay or fertilizer but this can only make limited differences.

Slope

The angle of slope will affect the type, depth and moisture content of soil.

It will also affect the rate of soil erosion. Some of the most unique farming landscapes of Bali are a consequence of having to cultivate steep slopes that are prone to soil erosion. Here terraces are cut in to steep slopes to retain the soil that otherwise would be easily removed due by the heavy rains. The need to cultivate such steep slopes is a consequence of population pressure and very small farms due generations of sub-dividing amongst sons.

The degree to which a farm can be mechanised is influenced by slope. Many vineyards in Germany are still harvested by hand at great cost because of the steep slopes. This is despite the fact that Germany is one of the richest countries in the world with capital to take advantage of the latest technology.

Human

Land tenure

In the developed world a large percentage of farmers are owner-occupiers. Consequently they have a large incentive to become more efficient and improve land and buildings. The extent of their investment and success will depend on the market place and political systems.

In the developing world farmers are less likely to be owner-occupiers. Instead they will probably be tenants or landless labourers.

In Brazil, the majority of land is owned by a small minority. As a consequence many of the farmers are 'landless' and sell their labour to the large plantation owners.

Transport

Transport is an important factor in determining location of farm types. If a product is bulky such as potatoes then it should be grown close to the market place to cut down on transport costs. If the good is perishable then again it should be grown close to the market place.

The effects of transport have been greatly reduced in the developed world because of innovations such as refrigerated lorries. It is still an important factor in many parts of the developing world.

The transportation available and the transport network will have a large influence on the distribution of agricultural systems. Many subsistence farms could not sell surpluses even if they had them because of the costs involved in transporting the surplus to the market place.

Capital

In the developed world there is a well-established system of supportive banks, private investors and government subsidies. This means that agriculture is likely to be capital intensive and highly mechanised. Cereal growing and dairy farming are good examples.

In the developing world the systems of capital support are less developed. In addition farmers have little capital of their own. Borrowing is difficult (especially with the small farms typical of many subsistence farmers) and incurs high interest rates. Therefore the farm will be very labour intensive.

If a farmer has little capital reserve then certain types of farming are not an option.

Whilst his crop is maturing the farmer will have no income, if the crop takes several years to mature then he needs substantial financial backing to cover costs of production (e.g. labour) and basic living costs like mortgage and food.

Tree crops take several years to mature so the farmer will have to wait a long time for return on his investment. If he does not have a capital reserve then this is not an option.

Technology

New technology is always increasing efficiency and yields but technology costs money. Therefore the gap between the developed and developing world is growing.

The one exception is the green revolution.

The green revolution was the result of an intensive plant-breeding programme in Mexico. It resulted in very high yield crops. Wheat varieties from Mexico and rice varieties from the Philippines literally doubled world food output.

The green revolution spread throughout much of the developing world and these new high yield crops - particularly rice became a common feature of agriculture. They did increase the need for irrigation and agro-chemicals that were too costly for small farmers and larger farmers with more financial backing gained the most benefit from these crops. Although there were improvements in quality of life for the poorer farmer.

As the rice produced such high yields farmer could dedicate more land to other crops that could be sold for cash.

Government

Government policies will have a direct or indirect effect on the prevalent agricultural system. The communist governments encourage collectives as already seen whilst farming in Europe is indirectly manipulated by the agricultural policies of the European Union.

Two examples are:

1. Common agricultural policy: the common agricultural policy was a response to food shortages during and after world war two. In 1957 it was decided that several European countries would all follow a common agricultural policy.

The aims of that policy were to:

Increase productivity and ensure a regular food supplyImprove farmers standard of livingStabilize market prices at a level beneficial to farmers and reasonable for consumers

As we go higher temperature decreases. Hilly areas have lower temperatures then plains. Several hilly areas have cool climate even in summers due to this reason. As the hills stop wind passages across plainslike it happens in the Aravallis, the summer monsoons will not enter into Rajastan. Also Aravallis form 'rain shadow area' on their western side in Rajastan which means the summermonsoons from Arabian sea will not cross the mountain range. This makes 50% of Rajastan go dry and become a desert. The rainfall in such regions are scanty and temperatures very high.

Civilizing mission- French thought it is their duty to introduce modern ideas though it meant destroying the culture, religion, and traditions since they were outdated.Talking modern- those who learnt French were rewarded with citizenshipLooking modern- Tonkin free school was started to provide western education. school encouraged the adoption of western styles such as short hair which was against the Vietnamese' beliefs.

Economists divide the factors of production into four categories: land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurship.

Geographical factors: People prefer to live on plains more than mountains or plateaus and they live more in moderate climates than extreme hot or cold. From the agriculture point of view, fertile lands are preferred. Areas with mineral deposits are more populated.Economic factors: People prefer to industrial areas since they provide more and better employment opportunities. Due to this, industrial cities are thickly populated.

The factors which influence the population charge are: (a) Difference between birth rate and death rate.(b) Migration of the people from one country to another.

When the death rate is more than the birth rate, it will lead to de-growth in population. When the birth rate is equal to death rate, there will be no growth in population. When the birth rate is higher than death rate, it will lead to growth in population. The difference between birth rate and death rate is called natural growth rate of population.

The Vietnamese were presented as primitive and backward, capable of manual labour but not of intellectual reflection; they were skilled copyists but not creative

Sun, arms, east, west, Left, north south

The factors responsible for degradation of land include excessive exploitation of land, deforestation, clearing fertile land for settlements, slashing and burning the trees for agriculture, abandoned mining sites and surface mining, toxicity in the landfill, untreated industrial effluents and concretisation.

Biogas typically refers to a mixture of different gases produced by the breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen. Biogas can be produced from raw materials such as agricultural waste, manure, municipal waste, plant material, sewage, green waste or food waste.

Constituent of biogasare methane, carbondioxide, hydrogen and hydrogen sulphide

crop the question which is required to be answered as we cannot provide multiple solutions.