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Marketing is the action or business of promoting and selling products or services, including market research and advertising.

A company'safter-sales serviceis all the help and information that it provides to customersafter they have bought a particular product.

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The different communites are Maria, Muria Gonds, Dhurwas, Hhatras and Halbas.The people of Bastar believe that each village was given its land by the earth, and in return, they look after the earth by making some offerings at each agricultural festival. In addition to the earth , they show repect to spirits of the river,the forest and the mountain.

१७७० का बांगाल का भीषण अकाल(बांग्ला: ৭৬-এর মন্বন্তর,छिअत्तरेर मन्वन्तर= छिहत्तर का अकाल) एक भीषणअकालथा जिससे गंगा के मैदान का निचला भाग (वर्तमान समय काबिहारऔरबंगाल) बुरी तरह प्रभावित हुआ था। यह अकाल १७६९ से १७७३ (बांग्ला पंचांगके अनुसार ११७८ से ११८०) तक रहा। ऐसा अनुमान है कि इस अकाल में१ करोड़लोग मारे गये। १७७२ मेंवारेन हेस्टिंग्सकी रिपोर्ट में कहा गया था कि प्रभावित क्षेत्रों के एक-तिहाई लोग इस अकाल में मारे गए थे।

Diagram gives an alternative and elegant presentation:Diagrammatic presentations of the data directly attract people, give delight to the eye and add to the statistics.

Diagrams leave good visual impact:The visual impact of the diagram stresses the mind of the people to think about the situation of the statistics.

They facilitate comparison:It makes easy to compare the data by visualizing the fact in front of the observer.

Saves time:Diagrams present the set of data in such a way that their significance known without loss of much time.

Diagrams simplify complexity and depict the characteristics of the data in simple manner.

Graphs reveal trend of the data series which is helpful for simple forecasting

Itisnecessaryto supervisethe functioning offormal sources of loans becausethebankshaveto maintain a minimum cash balance out ofthedeposits they receive. They should also provideloansto small cultivators, mall scale industries etc.

Many different techniques have been invented throughout the years with the aim of preserving the nutrient level of the soil and preventing erosion.

1. Contour Plowing – Originating in ancient Phoenicia, Contour Plowing involves plowing grooves into the desired farmland, then planting the crop furrows in the grooves and following the contours. It a very effective way for farmland on slopes to prevent run off improve crop yields.

2. Terrace Farming – Terracing is a method of carving multiple, flat leveled areas into hills. Steps are formed by the terraces which are surrounded by a mud wall to prevent run off and hold the soil nutrients in the beds. More commonly found in lesser developed nations due to the difficulty of using mechanized farming equipment in the terraces. Very popular in Asia for planting rice.

3. Keyline Design – A more enhanced version of Contour Plowing, maximum water retention is achieved by taking into account all the watershed properties when making the contour lines. The Keyline refers to topographic feature linked to water flow. This allows the water run off to run directly into an existing water channel, and prevent soil erosion caused by the water.

4. Perimeter Runoff Control – This is the practice of planting trees, shrubs and ground cover around the perimeter of your farmland which impedes surface flows and keeps nutrients in the farmed soil. Using the grass way is a specialized way of handling perimeter runoff that uses surface friction to channel and dissipate runoff.

5. Windbreaks – Rows of tall trees are used in dense patterns around the farmland and prevents wind erosion. Evergreen trees can provide year round protection but deciduous trees can be adequate as long as foliage is apparent during the seasons when the soil is bare.

6. Cover Crops/ Crop Rotation – Cover crops such as turnips and radishes are rotated with cash crops in order to blanket the soil all year- round and produces green manure the replenishes nitrogen and other critical nutrients. Using cover crops can also suppress weeds.

7. Soil Conservation Farming – A mixture of farming methods intending the mimic the biology of virgin land. These practices can be used to prevent erosion and even restore damaged soil and encourage plant growth. Eliminating the use of nitrogen fertilizer and fungicides can increase yields and protect crops from drought and flooding.

8. Agrostological Measures – Planting grass in heavily eroded areas is called an agrostological measure. Ley farming practices cultivating grass in rotation with regular crops to increase the nutrient level in the soils. When the grass is harvested it can be used as fodder for cattle. For heavily eroded soil it is recommended to grown grass for many years to let the soils naturally repair themselves.

9. No till farming – This is the method of growing crops year round without changing the topography of the soil by tilling or contouring. This technique increases the amount of water that penetrates the soil and can increase organic matter of the soil which leads to larger yields.

10. Green Manures – Green manures are a few different crops that can be grown, not for produce or food usage, but grown in order to fertilize the farm land on which it grows. This method can improve the soil structure and suppresses the growth of weeds.

11. Salinity Management – When water evaporates from the soil, it leaves behind its salt. This can lead to damage of the soil and nutrient loss. Using humic acids can prevent this or growing crops like saltbush can rejuvenate the soils and replace lost nutrients. High levels of salt in the soil can often be caused by changes made to the water table by damming and other causes.

12. Stream Bank Protection – During floods, stream banks can often cave in. Preventing this by constructing walls along the banks or plant useful tree species will prevent this in the future and prevent soil loss down the stream.

13. Earthworms – Earthworms provide great benefits of farm land due to the way they burrow under the ground and provide more are for water to rest after it has infiltrated the soil. When these worms excrete egesta, this sits in the soils and gives the crops many nutrients which are absorbed via the roots of the plants. Earthworm casts contain a vast amount more nutrients than any natural soil in the world, and for that reason should be invited into the soils of farmland to help prevent erosion and will lead to larger crop yields.

14. Mineralization – To help crops reach higher yields or full potential, sometimes crushed rock or chemical supplements are added to the farmland, this helps combat mineral depletion. Normally used after flooding, it brings substantial amounts of sediment which can damage the nutrient level of the soil.

15. Korean Natural Farming – This method takes advantage of natural and indigenous microorganisms to produce fertile soils that yield high output and gets rid of the need to use herbicides or pesticides. An improvement in soil health and output is what keeps this method used in the respective areas.

16. Reduction Of Impervious Surfaces – Driveways patios and paved pathways allow precipitation to flow freely off them. As the water flows it picks up momentum and in turn erodes any soil in which it flows over after leaving the impervious surfaces, reducing the amount of these around your farmland will prevent erosion.

17. Dry Farming – In areas with a very low amount of rainfall, crops which require very little water should be grown, this will lead to the preservation of the natural levels of moisture and nutrients in the soil.

18. Rain Gardens – A rain garden is a shallow depression in the land which holds and collects running water from impervious surfaces and prevents erosion while saving the nutrients that inevitably get washed away. This also gives you a good bed to grow wetland plants.

19. Re-establish Forest Cover – A dense amount of trees in a forest leads to a vast network of deep roots that offer a long term solution to soil erosion, another benefit is the windbreak that these trees can provide.

20. Maintaining PH levels of soil – Contamination of soils due to acid rains and other pollutants can lead to loss of soil fertility. Use a Ph indicator monthly to check the levels of acids in the soil and treat the soils with eco-friendly chemicals to prevent a loss of crops and low yields.

21. Indigenous Crops – The growth of indigenous crops is a good way to conserve soil, as the plants have a natural need for the nutrients in the soil in your area, they help to prevent soil erosion. If you grow non indigenous crops a recommended tip is to plant indigenous crops around them, in order to prevent soil erosion.

22. Prevent Overgrazing – Try not to let overgrazing happen by moving herds around often. If overgrazing occurs, plant hardier and more nutritious species of forage in order to rebuild the soil. You can also harvest these crops and feed them to the grazers during the winter season.

23. The Sharing of Knowledge – More developed countries can and should share their farming knowledge gained throughout the years with the lesser developed nations of the world. This will lead to a better quality of soil worldwide and can help to prevent famine and solves the food crisis in some areas of the world.

Sarala Devi Chaudhurani was the founder of the first women's organisation in India, the Bharat Stree Mahamandal in Allahabad in 1910. One of the primary goals of the organization was to promote female education, which at that time was not well developed.

Religion played an important role in the strengthening of colonial rule and development of aniticolonial feeling and uniting vietnamese against colonial control.

Vietnam's religious beliefs were a mixure of Buddhism, Confucianism and local practices.

Religion formed an integral part of the social and cultural life of the Vietnamese people.

Introducing Christianity was intolerant of the easy going attitude and Vietnamese reverence of the supernatural. Through Christianity the French tried to exercise control over the religious life of the Vietnamese.

This brought the Vietnamese into conflict with the French. Though the French were succesful in crushing the Scholars Revolt, the Hoa Hao Movement became popular. Through this movement Huynh Phu So tried to address many social evils but the French declared him madand exiled him to Laos.

Though the popular struggles put down by the French they served as inspiration for the patriots.

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Different Types of Cultivation are as follows:-

Shifting Cultivation:It is an agricultural system in which plots of land are cultivated temporarily, then abandoned and allowed to revert to their natural vegetation while the cultivator moves on to another plot.

Subsistence Farming:It is self-sufficiency farming in which the farmers focus on growing enough food to feed themselves and their families.

Intensive Farming:It is characterized by a low fallow ratio, higher use of inputs such as capital, fertilizers, pesticides and labor, and higher crop yields per unit land area. Local environment and soil can be damaged in this type of framing.

over a period of time public opinion is changeableAs as time goes thinking of people may change hence change in opinion.

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Because a group of religion or society have a common interest and understanding for any issues and that's how religion influenced in formulating public opinion.Please like the solution 👍 ✔️

The rule of robispierre was refdered as the reign of terror but on the same handhe introduced some laws in the benifit of the people .such as

●he placed a maximum ceiling on wages and prices .●meat and bread were rationed●peasants were forced to sell their grains at prices fixed by the government. ●use of the expensive white bread was forbidden. all citizens ate equality bread.

TheWeimar Republic facedviolent uprisings from various groups, not to mention devastating economicproblems. Germany between 1918 and 1919 was in chaos. People were starving, the Kaiser had fled and people hated the government for signing the armistice in November 1918 - they called them the November criminals.

गोदान को 1 9 36 में प्रकाशित किया गया था, मुंशी प्रेमचंद के प्रमुख कार्यों में से एक गोदान, जिसका अर्थ है "एक गाय का उपहार", एक उपन्यास है जो आपको एक सुंदर प्रेम-नफरत संबंधी रिश्ते के माध्यम से ले जाता है। कहानी भारतीय समुदाय के विभिन्न वर्गों के प्रतिनिधित्व करने वाले कई पात्रों के चारों ओर घूमती है। मुख्य चरित्र हरि है कई अन्य गरीब किसानों की तरह, हरी भी एक आत्मनिर्भरता के कुछ ऊंची ऊंचाई पर अपने सामाजिक सामाजिक स्तर को ऊपर उठाने की आशा में एक गाय का मालिक बनाना चाहता है। अपने परिस्थितियों के बहुत विपरीत, उसने एक गाय को 80 रुपये के कर्ज पर खरीदा। हालांकि, जब वह अपने छोटे भाई, हीरा, को 10 रुपये से धोखा देने की कोशिश करता है तो उसके नियंत्रण से चीजें बढ़ती जाती हैं। इस हर्ज से धनी (हरि की पत्नी) और हीरा की पत्नी के बीच एक बड़ी लड़ाई होती है। हीरा ने गाय को जहर दिया और पुलिस ने पकड़े जाने से बचने के लिए भाग लिया। गाय की मृत्यु के मामले को व्यवस्थित करने के लिए, हरि एक मनीषी से कुछ ऋण लेता है और पुलिस को रिश्वत देती है। दूसरी ओर, गोबर (हरि के बेटे) का एक विधवा झुनिया के साथ संबंध है। जब झुनिया अपने बच्चे के साथ गर्भवती होती है, तो गांव ग्रामीणों के क्रोध से बचने के लिए गोबर शहर में चले जाते हैं। लेकिन तब झूया को हरि और उसके परिवार की देखभाल में लिया जाता है। झुनिया के मुद्दे के कारण, ग्राम पंचायत ने हरि को अपने बेटे के कर्मों के लिए जुर्माना राशि का भुगतान करने का आदेश दिया। इस प्रकार, हरि फिर से कर्जदारों से ऋण लेता है जैसा कि उनके सिर पर कर्ज बढ़ता है, हरि अपनी बेटी रूपा से 200 रुपये का सौदा करके केवल अपने पैतृक गांव को धनराशि द्वारा नीलाम होने से बचाता है। हरी का काम बंद करने के लिए अपनी क्षमता से परे काम करता है और अंत में अंत में मर जाता है। उनके बेटे गोबर शहर में एक निर्बाध जीवन जीते हैं लेकिन अपने पिता के कर्ज का भुगतान करने के लिए कभी भी कमा नहीं सकते। गोदान मुंशी प्रेमचंद के प्रमुख हिट उपन्यासों में से एक है। हरि और गोबर के अलावा, उपन्यास में कई उपखंड शामिल हैं I.e. गांवों के सबसे गरीब शहरों की सबसे कहानियों में शामिल हैं। उपन्यास, गहराई में, आजादी के पूर्व युग के दौरान आम जनता की दुर्दशा की चर्चा करती है, विशेष रूप से किसानों द्वारा, जो हमेशा लेन-देनियों द्वारा निर्धारित ऋण के दुष्चक्र से उभरने में कठिनाई होती है।

In today's world, media becomes as essential as our daily needs. Media of today is playing an outstanding role in creating and shaping of public opinion and strengthening of society. Media is the sword arm of democracy. Media acts as watchdog to protect public interest against malpractice and create public awareness

Media has played a significant role in establishingdemocracythroughout the world. Since the 18thcentury, the media has been instrumental in reaching the masses and equipping them with knowledge, especially during the American Independence movement and French Revolution. Media is considered as “Fourth Pillar” in democratic countries along with Legislature, Executive, and Judiciary, as without a free media democratic system cannot cease to exist.

Media became a source of information for the citizens of colonial India, as they became aware of the arbitrariness of the British colonial rule. Thus, gave a newfound force toIndia’s Independence movement, as millions of Indians joined the leaders in their fight against the British imperialism. The role of media in Indian democracy has undergone massive changes, from the days of press censorship during Emergency in 1975 to being influentia

Ademocracy isa system of government in which all the people of a countrycanvote to elect their representatives.

Mediacame into existence around the 1780s with the introduction of newspapers, and since then it has matured by leaps and bounds. It has played a veryimportant rolein shaping human minds

Media has played a significant role in establishingdemocracythroughout the world. Since the 18thcentury, the media has been instrumental in reaching the masses and equipping them with knowledge, especially during the American Independence movement and French Revolution. Media is considered as “Fourth Pillar” in democratic countries along with Legislature, Executive, and Judiciary, as without a free media democratic system cannot cease to exist.

Media became a source of information for the citizens of colonial India, as they became aware of the arbitrariness of the British colonial rule. Thus, gave a newfound force toIndia’s Independence movement, as millions of Indians joined the leaders in their fight against the British imperialism. The role of media in Indian democracy has undergone massive changes, from the days of press censorship during Emergency in 1975 to being influential in the 2014 Lok Sabha elections.

Education in every sense is one of the fundamental factors of development. No country can achieve sustainable economic development without substantial investment in human capital. Education enriches people’s understanding of themselves and world.

It improves the quality of their lives and leads to broad social benefits to individuals and society. Education raises people’s productivity and creativity and promotes entrepreneurship and technological advances.

In addition it plays a very crucial role in securing economic and social progress and improving income distribution.

Banks playa veryimportant role in the Indian Economyas they provide Credit at cheaper rates to people.Bankshelp people to save their money and receive an added advantage by getting an extra amount, That is for saving the money in theirbank, the depositor gets a % of it added in hisbankaccount.

The United Kingdom played an important role in India imperial past.

The British manufacturers attempted to take over the Indian market by adopting different ways and the most important among them was with the help of advertisements.The Manchester industrialists began selling their cloth in India by putting labels on the cloth bundles. When buyers saw such labels on the cloth like MADE IN MANCHESTER in bold letters, they felt confident about buying the cloth.Moreover, the manufacturers also used images of Indian Gods, Goddesses and important personalities on these labels. These images helped to make the foreign products somehow familiar to Indian people.In the late 19th century, the British manufacturers used calendars to popularise their products. Unlike newspapers and magazines, calendars were being used even by illiterate people. Indian manufacturers advertised the nationalist message.They wanted to suggest by these advertisements that “if you care for the nation, then buy Indian products”. Indian manufacturers advertised the nationalist message which was clear and loud. Advertisement became a vehicle of the message of Swadeshi.

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A library management system (LMS or ILS, integrated library system) enhances the efficiency of the librarians and library users. A library management system reduces the cost of management. The system eliminates the need to employ many workers and keep different manual files thereby reducing the cost

1)भारत के राष्ट्रीय ध्वज जिसे तिरंगा भी कहते हैं, तीन रंग की ..... यह देश के राष्ट्रीय गौरव का प्रतीक है।2)हमारा राष्ट्रीय ध्वज़ हमारे लिये हिम्मत और प्रेरणा के रुप में है। ये हमारे महान स्वतंत्रता सेनानियों के बारे में हमें याद दिलाता है। ये हमें बताता है कि उनके लिये देश को आजाद कराना कितना कठिन कार्य था। आजादी पाना आसान नहीं था। हमें हमेशा अपने राष्ट्रीय ध्वज़ का सम्मान करना चाहिये और अपनी मातृभूमि के लिये कभी भी इसे झुकने नहीं देना चाहिये

Disguised unemploymentor hidden unemploymentis a kind of unemploymentwhere some people seem to be employed but are actually not. ( clear from the worddisguisewhich means attire to hide one's identity) This type usually occurs when there is overemployment in a pirticular work.

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Disguised unemploymentexists where part of the labor force is either left without work or is working in a redundant manner where worker productivity is essentially zero.

A weed is a plant considered undesirable in a particular situation, "a plant in the wrong place". Examples commonly are plants unwanted in human-controlled settings, such as farm fields, gardens, lawns, and parks. ... In the same way, volunteer crops are regarded as weeds in a subsequent crop.

Weeds are unwanted plants. They grow with crops and compete for nutrients and water with main crop. So weeds are very harmful. Process of controlling the weed is called weeding. Weeding is done manually by using khurpi and by using mechanical machines.

Weeds are also controlled by using some chemical substances like 2, 4-D. These chemicals are called weedicides and are used to kill and destroy the weeds.

b. 1957

In 1957, India shifted to the decimal system.

weeds are harmful as they are one kind of medicine not suitable for human body and may cause disease to us. we can remove them using weedicides

weed are harmful as they are ome kind of medicine not suitable for human body and may cause disease to us. we can remove them using weedicides

weeds are harmful because it can be damaging plant and land make infertile. weedicides is used to remove them

weeds are harmful as they are one kind of medicine not suitable for human body and may cause disease to us. we can remove them using weedicides

weeding involves removal of unwanted and uncultivated plants called weeds. Weeds are also controlled by using certain chemicals, called weedicides.

weeds are harmful because some weeds are poisonous. . It can be removed by khirpi .

The unwanted plants grow along with crops are known as weeds .weeds are harmful as because it suck all nutrients of the host or crops and it is also poisonous. it can be removed with khurpi or by some chemicals

Weeds are the waste plants grown between crops and and destroys the growth of other plant. Weedicides are used to remove rhem

In a trapezoid, PQRS, PQ is parallel to SR,

∴ ∠Q + ∠R = 180°⇒ 60° + ∠R = 180°⇒ ∠R = 180° - 75° = 105°

Steps of construction:

Step 1: Draw PQ = 2.8 cm.Step 2:At Q, draw ∠PQX = 105°.Step 3:From ray QX, cut off QR =6.3 cm.Step 4:At R, draw ∠QRY = 105°Step 5:From ray RY, cut off RS = 3.2cm.Step 6:Join SP.

PQRS is the required trapezoid

UNTOUCHABILITY (OFFENCES) ACT, 1955. An Act to prescribe punishment for the practice of "Untouchability", for the enforcement of any disability arising therefrom and for matters connected therewith.The untouchability (offences) act of 1955 waspassed by the parliament of India to spell outarticle 17 of the constitution of India so as togive content to the ideals of justice, liberty,equality and fraternity set forth in the preamble tothe constitution.Places of Public WorshipAccording to section 3 of the act to prevent anyperson on the ground of untouchability from enteringany place of public worship open to other persons' professing the same religion is an offence.The act ensured every person belonging to a religion,a religious denomination or a section of a religiousdenomination entry into a place which was open topersons professing that religion, that religious denominationor that section or religious denomination andto prevent untouchability within the same religious

Article 17 of the Constitution states, 'untouchability' is abolished and its practice in any form is forbidden. Theenforcementof any disability arising out of 'untouchability' shall be an offence punishable in accordance with law. The historical struggle for the abolitionof untouchability bore fruits

Gandhi declared that swaraj would not come for a hundred years if untouchability was not eliminated. (i) He called the untouchables, Harijans or the children of God.(ii) He organised satyagraha to secure them entry into temples and access to public wells, tanks and schools.iii) He himself cleaned toilets to dignify the work of the bhangi (the sweepers), and persuaded upper castes to change their heart and give up ‘the sin of untouchability’.

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The tribal revolt was one of the important revolt which brought out a big change . Leaders like Gandhi ji & BR Ambedkar who spend their whole life to gibe the rights to the dalits .

Covering the distance of 386 km from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi on foot, the 62-year-old 'Bapu' was first joined by hundreds and then thousands on his way. It was the start of the civil disobedience movement which commenced as Mahatma Gandhi broke the salt law on the coastal town of Dandi on the Arabian Sea on April 5.