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Answer : B) Diamond Diamondis always at the top of the scale, being the hardest mineral.

Uses of bleaching powder:

It isusedforbleachingdirty clothes in the laundry, as ableachingagent for cotton and linen in the textile industry.

It is a strong oxidizing agent henceusedas an oxidizer in many industries.

It isusedas a disinfectant which isusedfor disinfecting water to make potable water.

It is used for bleaching dirty clothes in the laundry, as a bleaching agent for cotton and linen in the textile industry. It is a strong oxidizing agent hence used as an oxidizer in many industries. It is used as adisinfectantwhich is used for disinfecting water to make potable water.

answer

1) Until 2000, every election in Mexico was won by the dominant party called PRI (Institutional Revolutionary Party).

In its presence, opposition parties did contest elections, but never managed to win.The PRI was known to use many dirty tricks to win elections.All those who were employed in government offices had to attend its party meetings.Teachers of government schools used to force parents to vote for the PRI.Media largely ignored the activities of opposition political parties except to criticise them.Sometimes the polling booths were shifted from one place to another in the last minute, which made it difficult for people to cast their votes.The PRI spent a large sum of money in the campaign for its candidates.

Although Mexico’s 1917 constitution called for a democratic government, democracy did not even begin to take shape in Mexico until the late 1900s. For most of the twentieth century, Mexico was ruled by the authoritarian-minded Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), a monopolistic political grouping infamous for imposing a clientelistic and patronage-based social order. Though its peremptory rule wore a deceptive democratic disguise, with all of its forms and trappings conveyed through elections and campaigns, it was largely a façade. Included in the injustices promoted by the PRI through manipulation of the voting system, the party also dominated Mexico’s politics on both the national and state levels. Thus, this militarized rule prevented the authentic practice of democracy by often nullifying what should have been the effective powers of the electorate.

electric and gas companies in handi in the answers completed and signed in to resume my in the morning of the answers get in touch with the

Variation caused by the surroundings is called environmental variation

Ans :- ThephysicalfeaturesofIndiacan be divided into six categories, depending on their geologicalfeatures:

The Himalayan Mountains.

The Northern Plains.

IndianDesert.

Peninsular Plateau.

Coastal Plains.

Islands.

Justiceis the morally fair and right state of everything. To havejusticeas a person's character trait means that they are just and treat everyone the same, or how they would like to be treated.

न्याय व्यवस्था का मुख्य काम सिर्फ विवादों को सुलझाना नहीं होता बल्कि न्याय की रक्षा करना भी है। न्याय व्यवस्था कितनी प्रभावी है, इसका निर्धारण इसी आधार पर होता है कि वह किस हद तक न्याय की रक्षा कर पाता है।''

न्याय एक दार्शनिक शब्द है, लेकिन विधिक रूप में इसका अर्थ उस काम से लिया जाता है जो कानून और न्याय के हिसाब से सही हो। न्याय शब्द का प्रयोग मुख्य रूप से दो संदर्भो में किया जाता है। पहला, इससे मौजूदा कानून के वजूद की ईमानदार अनुभूति हो और दूसरा कानूनी कार्रवाई का गुण।

सैद्धांतिक रूप से ऐसा माना जाता है कि न्याय का विचार धनात्मक कानून के बोध के साथ आगे बढ़ता जाता है लेकिन जहां तक व्यवहार की बात है तो न्याय पर 'कानून के हिसाब से न्याय' की अवधारणा हावी हो जाती है। कानून में सुधार की प्रक्रिया से जुड़ते समय हमें तीन बातें अपने दिमाग में बैठा लेनी चाहिए कि यह सुधार गुणवत्तापूर्ण न्याय, तेजी से न्याय और गरीबों के लिए न्याय को ध्यान में रखकर होना चाहिए। सांविधानिक जनादेश को पूरा करने के लिए हमारे देश को इस क्षेत्र में साफ और प्रभावी सुधार की आवश्यकता है। यह आवश्यक है कि न्याय और कानून के संदर्भ में जनता के विश्वास को न सिर्फ बचाया जाए बल्कि उसे बढ़ाया भी जाए। जरूरी है कि न्याय देने की व्यवस्था मजबूत और प्रभावी हो। अंतरराष्ट्रीय अनुभव यह बताते हैं कि कानूनी संस्थाएं देश के विकास में काफी सहायक होती हैं। विश्व बैंक की रिपोर्ट भी एक देश के विकास और न्याय व्यवस्था में घनिष्ठ संबंधों की ओर इशारा करती है।

जस्टिस जेएस वर्मा, जस्टिस केजी बालाकृष्णन, जस्टिस एसबी सिन्हा, प्रोफेसर मोहन गोपाल, प्रोफेसर एन आर माधव मेनन, जस्टिस अशोक कुमार गांगुली, जस्टिस ए आर लक्ष्मणन और जस्टिस अरिजीत पसायत आदि ने न्याय में सुधार की दिशा में न सिर्फ सुझाव दिए बल्कि अपने निर्णयों द्वारा उस पर अमल भी किया। केंद्रीय विधि आयोग ने भी अपनी विभिन्न रिपोर्टो में न्यायिक सुधार की बात कही है। इसी मुद्दे को लेकर दैनिक जागरण भी एक 'जन जागरण' अभियान चला रहा है और मैं जागरण समूह का आभारी हूं कि उन्होंने इस अभियान से मुझे जोड़ा।

हम यह कह सकते हैं कि न्याय व्यवस्था का मुख्य काम सिर्फ विवादों को सुलझाना नहीं होता बल्कि न्याय की रक्षा करना भी होता है। न्याय व्यवस्था कितनी प्रभावी है इसका निर्धारण इसी आधार पर होता है कि वह किस हद तक न्याय की रक्षा कर पाता है। न्यायपालिका और उससे जुड़ा कोई भी सुधार इस भावना के साथ किया जाना चाहिए कि और प्रभावशाली ढंग से न्याय की रक्षा हो सके। प्रोफेसर मदन गोपाल के अनुसार न्यायिक सुधार के दौरान छह मुख्य बातों का ध्यान रखा जाना चाहिए। यह बातें हैं-

1. कोर्ट की जिम्मेदारी और उसकी भूमिका

2. न्याय प्रणाली की संगठनात्मक क्षमता

3. जजों और वकीलों के कानून के ज्ञान का स्तर

4. न्याय प्रणाली

5. लोगों की प्रक्रिया

6. न्याय की पहुंच

उक्त छह बिंदु मुख्य रूप से तीन व्यापक विषयों से जुड़े हुए हैं। पहला, निर्णय की योग्यता को बढ़ाना। दूसरा, मानव संसाधन की योग्यता को बढ़ाना और तीसरा आधुनिक और प्रभावी व्यवस्था की स्थापना करना।

फास्ट ट्रैक कोर्ट, लोक अदालत, एडीआर, जजों के लिए मामलों की संख्या का निर्धारण, छुट्टियों की संख्या में कमी, कोर्ट की व्यवस्था के लिए आधुनिक तकनीक अपनाना यह कुछ ऐसे प्रयास हैं जो न्यायपालिका खुद अपने स्तर से सुधार के लिए कर सकती है। इसके अलावा ज्यादा बजट देकर, जजों की संख्या बढ़ाकर, वादी को मूलभूत सुविधाएं प्रदान करके भी न्याय व्यवस्था को प्रभावशाली बनाया जा सकता है। भारत के सभी नागरिक स्वतंत्र न्याय की इच्छा रखते हैं। स्वतंत्र शब्द से यहां तात्पर्य है यह सुनिश्चित करना कि सारे लोग कानून के शासन में सुरक्षित रहें, न्यायिक प्रक्रिया के दायरे में रहते हुए मानवाधिकार का पालन करें और कानून की निष्पक्ष पहुंच सभी लोगों तक हो।

हम निम्नलिखित मानकों के आधार पर यह पता लगा सकते हैं कि कहीं भी न्यायपालिका कितना प्रभावशाली है।

1. कोर्ट कितने लोगों की पहुंच में है।

2. लोगों में कोर्ट, वकील आदि का खर्च उठाने की योग्यता

3. कोर्ट की कार्यप्रणाली

4. जजों की संख्या और उनकी योग्यता

5. न्यायपालिका की स्वतंत्रता

6. न्यायिक जवाबदेही

7. अपीलों के नतीजों की संख्या और उसकी दर

8. कोर्ट की कार्यवाहियों के लिए वित्तपोषण की व्यवस्था

9. वकीलों की योग्यता

10. गैर न्यायिक कर्मचारियों की योग्यता

11. सूचना तकनीक का प्रयोग और आधारभूत संरचना

12. जजों और वकीलों की सहायता के लिए बौद्धिक स्तर पर आधारभूत संरचना

13. कोर्ट के निर्णय को लागू कराने वाली संस्थाओं की योग्यता

उक्त संकेतक एक न्यायपालिका को प्रभावी बनाने के लिए आवश्यक हैं। हालांकि सिर्फ इन्हीं से काम नहीं चलेगा क्योंकि यह न्याय की मूल भावना से नहीं जुड़े हैं।

इसके लिए आवश्यक है कि बहस, बातचीत और अनुभव बांटने की प्रक्रिया द्वारा एक प्रारूप बनाया जाए जिसमें वकीलों को भी शामिल किया जाए।

मैं जानता हूं कि सुधार एक लगातार चलने वाली प्रक्रिया है और आदर्श स्थिति को पाना काफी मुश्किल है। कोई सुझाव देना काफी आसान होता है जबकि उसको व्यवहार में लाना मुश्किल। हमें एक साथ मिलकर न्यायिक सुधार की प्रक्रिया में सहयोग देना चाहिए ताकि हमारी आने वाली पीढ़ी हमें ऐसे इंसानों के तौर पर याद करे जिन्होंने उनको एक स्वच्छ और व्यवस्थित समाज प्रदान किया।

न्याय की कुछ महत्वपूर्ण परिभाषाएँ हैं:

मिलर के अनुसार, “न्याय उन विशेष नैतिक मूल्यों का नाम है जो स्पष्ट रूप से मानव कल्याण से संबंधित हैं। जीवन दिशानिर्देश के अन्य सभी नियमों की तुलना में ऐसे मूल्य अधिक महत्वपूर्ण हैं।

मरियम की राय के अनुसार, 'न्याय मान्यताओं और विधियों की एक ही प्रणाली, जिसके माध्यम से व्यक्ति को कुछ दिया जाता है जिसमें एक अनुकूल समझौता होता है।

सल्मंड के विचार के अनुसार, 'न्याय का अर्थ है हर व्यक्ति को हिस्सा देना। न्यायमूर्ति (CHA R.C. Tucker) के अनुसार, "विरोधी विरोध या सिद्धांतों के बीच पर्याप्त समेलन बनाना न्याय का सारांश है।

Over the years, many things have changed in the high-altitude cold desert of Ladakh, some for the worse but most for the better. The highway from Leh to Srinagar was a single-laned road for many many years, which meant stopping and giving way if you saw a truck coming from the other direction, unless you were on a two-wheeler. A few years ago, the ascent up to 13,400 ft to reach Fotula Pass, the highest point on the Leh-Srinagar highway would have been treacherous, even on four wheels. Today though, with some parts of the highway already been double-laned, it is one of the most amazing drives, with a lot of it running along the Indus river till it turns towards Batalik, where it enters our neighbour Pakistan.

There is a various features of landforms of ladhakh-

1) Ladakh is a cold desert lying in the Great Himalayas.

2) Several rivers and glaciers are found in Ladakh. E.g. Indus River and the Gangri glacier.

3) The altitude in Ladakh varies from about 3000m in Kargil to more than 8,000m in the Karakoram.

4) Due to its high altitude, the climate is extremely cold and dry.

5) The air at this altitude is so thin that the heat of the sun can be felt intensely and the area experiences freezing winds and burning hot sunlight.

6) As it lies in the rain shadow of the Himalayas, there is little rainfall, as low as 10 cm every year.

Modern Farming Methods :-

Modern farming methods refer to the agricultural production system characterized by the high inputs of capital, labour, heavy usage of farm machinery such as threshers, harvesters, winnowing machine, heavy usage of technology such asselective breeding, pesticides, chemical fertilizers and insecticides.

Alluri sitarama raju is a freedom frighter of Andhra pradesh. He was inspired by the non-cooperation movement but at the same time he assisted that the country could be liberated not by peace and non violence but by the use of force . He led the militant guerrilla movemnt spread in Gudem hills of Andhra pradesh.

Thank uh

(1) Right to safety:For example, spurious and sub­standard drugs; appliances made of low quality raw material, such as, electric press, pressure cooker, etc. and low quality food products like bread, milk, jam, butter, etc. The consumers have the right to safety against the loss caused by such products.

(2) Right to be Informed/Right to Representation:

A consumer has also the right that he should be provided with all the information on the basis of which he decides to buy goods or services. Such information relate to quality, purity, potency, standard, date of manufacture, method of use, etc. of the commodity. Thus, a producer is required to provide all such information in a proper manner, so the consumer is not cheated.

(3) Right to Choose:

A consumer has the absolute right to buy any goods or services of his choice from among the different goods or services available in the market. In other words, no seller can influence his choice in an unfair manner. If any seller does so, it will be deemed as interference in his right to choice.

(4) Right to be Heard:

A consumer has the right that his complaint be heard. Under this right, the consumer can file a complaint against all those things which are prejudicial to his interest. First, their rights mentioned above (Right to Safety; Right to be informed and Right to choose) have relevance only if the consumer has the right to file his complaint against them. These days, several large organisations have set up Consumer Service Cells with a view to providing the consumer the right to be heard.

The function of the cell is to hear the complaints of the consumers and to take adequate measures to redress them. Many daily newspapers have also special columns to entertain the complaints of the consumers.

(5) Right to Seek Redressal:

This right provides compensation to the consumers against unfair trade practice of the seller. For instance, if the quantity and quality of the product do not conform to those promised by the seller, the buyer has the right to claim compensation.

Several redressal are available to the consumer by way of compensation, such as free repair of the product, taking back of the product with refund of money, changing of the product by the seller.

(6) Right to Consumer Education:

ADVERTISEMENTS:

Consumer education refers to educating the consumer constantly with regard to their rights. In other words, consumers must be aware of the rights they enjoy against the loss they suffer on account of goods and services purchased by them. Government has taken several measures to educate the consumers.

(7) Right to Basic Needs:

The basic needs mean those goods and services which are necessary for a dignified living of people. It includes adequate food, clothing, shelter, energy, sanitation, health care, education and transportation. All the consumers have the right fulfil these basic needs.

(8) Right to Healthy Environment:

This right provides the consumers, protection against environmental pollution so that the quality of life is enhanced. Not only this, it also stresses the need to protect the environment for the future generations as well.

A consumer is a person or organization that use economic services or commodities.

Any consumer who buys goods or receives a service has the right to choose whether to buy the goods or continue to receive the service.As an example, sometimes cooking gas supply dealers insist that you have to buy the stove from them when you take a new connection.• Here your right to choose another stove from another shop is being violated.

Franklin. Franklin is a little over 20 miles away from Nashville and is considered part of the greater metro area.

Brentwood. Brentwood is one of the wealthiest cities per capita in the United States.

The battle of the Alamo

he was in his own house with his mother when the first two were in a hospital in new Jersey where the two children 2had 22a and their

the battle of the alamo

the battle of the Alamo

In 1526, theMughalforces of Babur, the king of Kabulistan (Kabul, present Afghanistan), defeated Ibrahim's much larger army in the Battle of Panipat.

Jaipur is called the Pink City.

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Jaipur is the pink city

Ibrahim Lodi was the last ruler of the Lodi dynasty, reigning for nine years between 1517 until being defeated and killed at the battle of Panipat byBabur's invading army in 1526, giving way to the emergence of theMughalEmpire in India.Answer is Babur

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The literal meaning of sati is "wife"

A Hindu practice whereby a widow immolates herself on the funeral pyre of her husband: now abolished by law.

A confluence of rivers, especially that of the Ganges and Jumna at Allahabad. ... 'God is punishing India for allowing that Christian fundamentalist to take a half-hearted dip at the sangam at Prayag during the Kumbha Mela.'

Indian agricultureis plagued by severalproblems; someofthem are natural and some others are manmade.

Small and fragmented land-holdings: ...

Seeds: ...

Manures, Fertilizers and Biocides: ...

Irrigation: ...

Lackofmechanisation: ...

Soil erosion: ...

AgriculturalMarketing: ...

Inadequate storage facilities:

Ans :- Liberalisation

Liberalization, though similar to globalization, is more focused on the local economy. Liberalization generally refers to the removal of restrictions; usually government rules and regulations imposed on social, economic, or political matters. Liberalization maybe trade, social, economic, or capital market related. Social liberalization, for example, maybe related to things like making abortion related laws less stringent. Trade liberalization maybe with regard to reducing restrictions on imports or exports and facilitating free trade. Economic liberalization generally refers to allowing more private entities participate in economic activity, and capital market liberalization refers to reducing restrictions imposed on debt and equity markets.

Privatisation

All sectors comes under private from public.

“All in all under corporate. they will concentrate only making to be profit”

“Single hand is processing to every public assets.”

The Election Commission of India is an independent and self-governing body, established under federal authority. It is responsible for administering all the electoral processes in India. Under the supervision of the commission, free and fair elections have been held in India at regular intervals as per the principles enshrined in the Constitution. The Election Commission has the power of superintendence, direction and control of all elections to the Parliament of India and the State Legislatures and of elections to the office of the President of India and the Vice-President of India.Elections are conducted according to the constitutional provisions and other laws made to that effect by the Parliament. The major laws in this regard are Representation of the People Act, 1950, which mainly deals with the preparation and revision of electoral rolls; the Representation of the People Act, 1951 which deals with all aspects of conduct of election disputes in detail. These disputes include the post-election disputes. The Supreme Court of India has held that where the enacted laws are silent or make insufficient provisions to deal with a given situation in the conduct of elections, the Election Commission has the residuary powers under the Constitution to act in an appropriate manner. One of the most important features of the democratic polity is elections at regular intervals. Holding intervallic free and fair elections are essentials of democratic system. It is a part of the basic structure of the Constitution. The Election Commission is regarded as the guardian of free and fair elections. In every election, it issues a Model code of Conduct for political parties and candidates to conduct elections in a free and fair manner. The Commission issued the code for the first time in 1971 and revised it from time to time. It laid down guidelines for conduct of political parties and manner of candidature during elections. However, there occur instances of violation of code by the political parties and misuse of official machinery by the candidates. The need for such code is in the interest of free and fair elections. However, the code does not have any specific statutory basis. It has only a persuasive effect. It only contains rules of electoral morality". But this lack of statutory backing does not prevent the Commission from enforcing it.A law regarding the registration process for political parties was enacted in 1989 and many parties got registered with the Commission. It was effective in avoiding the confusion of the administrative machinery and the electorate and ensuring that political parties are brought under the purview of the Election Commission. Also, in order to get rid of the growing corrupt influence of money during elections, the Election Commission has made many suggestions in this regard. The Election Commission has fixed the legal limits on the amount of money which a candidate can spend during election campaigns. These limits have been revised from time to time. The other measures have also been taken by the Election Commission in order to ensure free and fair elections.

The election commission play important role in ensuring free and fair elections. The Election Commission of India is a very powerful and independent institution and is not answerable to any other political institution. It has a wide range of powers, which are enlisted as:

It takes decision on every aspect of the elections right from the announcement of elections to the declaration of the results.

It implements the Code of Conduct and punishes any candidate or party that violates it.

During the times of elections, it can order the government to follow some guidelines towards making the elections free and fair.

At the time of election duty, the government officers work under the control of EC and not the ruling party.

For the last 15 years, the EC is exercising its powers to full potential and has even increased them. Today the free and fair elections are just because of the working of EC.

Ferrous-It contains iron. , It is magnetic. , It gets rust. , It also contains manganese,cobalt,nickel,etc. , It’s examples are-iron ore, mild steel

Non-Ferrous-It does not contain iron. , It is not magnetic. , It do not contain manganese,cobalt,nickel,etc. , It’s examples are-lead,zinc

Windows operating system ships with some handy applications known as Windows accessories. Calculator, Notepad, Paint, Explorer, WordPad are some of the most frequently used accessories.

Apart from above mentioned applications, Windows has a few tools for Ease of Access and some System Tools.

Challenges to free and fair elections in India are as follows:

Candidates and parties with a lot of money may not be sure of their victory but they do enjoy a big and unfair advantage over smaller parties and independents.

In some parts of the country, candidates with criminal connection have been able to secure a ‘ticket’ from major parties.

Some families tend to dominate the political parties; tickets are distributed to relatives from these families.

Very often, elections offer little choice to ordinary citizens as both the major parties are similar to each other in their policies and practices.

Smaller parties and independent candidates suffer a huge disadvantage as compared to the bigger parties.

Transparency is often found missing from a non-democratic government.

Belgium

1) They adopted a policy of power sharing.

2) They gave equal powers to all communities.. minor or major doesn’t matter.

3) It solved the problem.

Sri Lanka

1) They adopted a policy of Majoritarianism.

2) They gave preferences to the majority Sinhala group alone, disregarding the minority

3) It only increased the problem.

Magnetite, Manganese

1 b 2 d 3 a 4 c is that the answer yes or no

The Gond people are a Dravidian people of central India, spread over the states of Madhya Pradesh, eastern Maharashtra (Vidarbha), Chhattisgarh, Uttar Pradesh, Telangana and Western Odisha. With over four million people, they are the largest tribe in Central India.

Political partiesperform animportanttask ingovernment. They bring people together to achieve control of thegovernment, develop policies favorable to their interests or the groups that support them, and organize and persuade voters to elect their candidates to office.

Ans :- Reasons of deforestation under colonial period:

increase in population,leading to growth in demand for food,and extension of land under cultivation at the expense of forests.

colonisation by the british encouraged production of commercial crops.

inreased demand for timber due to expansion of railways and for shipbuilding purposes.

large areas of forests were also cleared to make way for plantation crops

The Nathpanthis, Siddhas and Yogis believed in the renunciation of the world.

They criticised the rituals and other aspects of conventional religion and the social order, using simple, logical arguments.

For them, the path of salvation lay in meditating on the formless Ultimate Reality. They stressed on intense training of the mind and body through yoga asanas, breathing exercises and meditation. These groups became particularly popular among “low” castes.

They advocated renunciation of the world.

They believed that the path to salvation lay in meditation on the formless God and the realisation of oneness with it.

To achieve this they advocated intense training of the mind and body through practices like yogasansas, breathing exercises and meditation.

They did not believe in the ritual and oilier aspects of conventional religion and the social order.