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Robespierre’s government issued laws placing a maximum ceiling on wages and prices. Meat and bread were RATIONED. PEASANTS were forced to transport their grain to the cities and sell it at prices fixed by the government. The use of more expensive white flour was forbidden; all citizens were required to eat the pain d’égalité (equality bread), a loaf MADE of wholewheat. Equality was also sought to be practised through forms of speech and address. Instead of the traditional Monsieur (Sir) and Madame (Madam) all French men and women were henceforth Citoyen and Citoyenne (Citizen). Churches were SHUT down and their buildings converted into barracks or offices.
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Khilafat Movement in SOUTH Asia. Although political ACTIVITIES and POPULAR OUTCRY on behalf of the caliphate emerged across theMuslim WORLD, the most prominent activities took place in India.

During BOLSHEVIK REIGN RUSSIAN revolution took PLACE

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If social differences overlap each other it may LEAD to social division and if one social difference is given preference then people WOULD begin to think that they belong to different community. It always leads to social division and disintegration of the country. EXAMPLE:- USA: The blacks are discriminated by the whites DUE to their poverty (racial discrimination).



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So it can be RESERVED for FUTURE

The alien ans sedition ACTS were four bills PASSED by the fedaralist DOMINATED 5th UNITED States congress and signed into law by president 'john ADAMS' in 1798

Their MAIN AIM was Bonopartisium

Liberty. In the context of the 18TH CENTURY, liberty was FREEDOM from oppression, and particularly oppression by the STATE or government. ...

Equality. ...

Fraternity. ...

Popular sovereignty. ...

CONSTITUTIONALISM. ...

Natural rights. ...

Anti-clericalism.

According to your question first is egg .
but SOMETIMES in INTERVIEW when this question is asked from somebody ., the CORRECT answer is first test at which is DELIVERED first .

In the RESULTS of the PLASSEY WAR

Today, SOUTH Africa is a free nation. The apartheid law is DEAD in this country. There is no more discrimination on the BASIS of skin colour. So, Maya can enjoy equal status in today’s South Africa. She no LONGER has to suffer the insult of being treated as second class citizen.

Hidimbi and DRAUPADI

South Africa is very WARM in all season
and suddenly winter
rain
SUMMER
all of these LIKE LONDON

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Mehr-un-Nissa RECEIVED the TITLE of Nur Jahan. She is the wife of Jahangir. She was extremely talented, intelligent and witty. The MEANING of Nur Jahan (awarded to her by Jahangir) was the Light of the WORLD.

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1.The first was the effect of worldwide economic depression.

(ii) Agricultural PRICES BEGAN to fall from 1926 and COLLAPSED after 1930. As the demand for agricultural goods fell and exports declined, peasants found it difficult to SELL their harvests and pay their REVENUE. By 1930, the countryside was in turmoil.

At the heart of feudalism is a basic idea common to any society with a warrior caste. Such men NEED to be provided for. In a simple economy this means that the produce of an appropriate NUMBER of peasants or serfs must UNDERWRITE the expenses of the fighting man. In ancient SPARTA, where all free men are warriors, the support comes from the defeated and enslaved peasants of Messenia, KNOWN as the helots.

The early nationalists wanted to ABOLISH of indian COUNCIL because it prevented the secretary of state from STARTING liberal policies in india. HOPE it helps.

The SOCIETY of REVOLUTIONARY and REPUBLICAN WOMEN

First, he abolished the PRIVILEGES based on birth, established equality before law and secured private property.

secondly, NAPOLEON simplified administrative DIVISIONS and freed persons from serfdom and manorial dues

Third, in town, Guild restrictions were removed by Napoleon

Fourth, transport and communication systems for improved by him

V, patience or patient Walkers and new business man enjoyed a new FOUNDER FREEDOM . Businessman and small scale business man began to realise that uniform lost, standardized weights and measures and common national currency would vacillate the exchange of goods fast.

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This WEBSITE NCRT SOLUTION in CLASS 9

he violent use of state power to achieve order after revolutions displaced incompetent governments, common to both the French and Russian Revolutions, is a meaningful study with applications to contemporary situations.

Viewpoint: No. The French and Russian Revolutions had fundamentally different ideologies, and comparisons between them are inaccurate.

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When revolution erupted in Russia in 1917, many of its leaders self- consciously identified their situation with the turbulent era of the French Revolution (1789). Events, trends, individuals, groups, and ideologies either took on or were assigned identities that mirrored previous occurrences in revolutionary France. Bolshevik war commissar Lev Trotsky was COMPARED to French revolutionary GENERAL and later emperor Napoleon Bonaparte. Trotsky's great rival, Josef Stalin, who was accused of reversing revolutionary ambitions as he rose to power, was said to have ushered in a "Thermidorian Reaction," an allusion to the restrained period that followed the most radical phase of the French Revolution.

Are these comparisons valid, and do the two revolutions represent a case of history repeating itself? One argument AGREES with the self-conscious interpretation endorsed by members of the early Soviet government. France before 1789 and Russia before 1917 shared many of the same problems: governments of questionable competence, wide social divisions, turbulent capitalist economies replacing stagnant agrarian ones, and ambitious middle groups that felt entitled to greater power. It was only natural that these similarities of cause should lead to similarities of result: a period of limited reform followed in turn by a radical phase of terror; a restrained climb down; and a RELATIVELY stable period of authoritarian RULE, albeit worse in both cases than what had come before.

To other scholars these comparisons seem self-fulfilling and overstated. No matter what Russia's revolutionary leaders thought, their ideology was fundamentally different from that of their French predecessors, as were their attitudes toward law and order, economics, foreign policy, military affairs, and a host of other issues. The causes of 1917 seem more rooted in World War I, while the causes of the French Revolution were rooted in state financial crisis and contentious disputes over modernization. Accordingly, the two revolutions were different and are too complex to be subject to the simplifications of a general comparison.

In childhood, Ravindraseemed like a school JAIL. After taking the three schools, he DISCONTINUED his schooling, but he had a good education in the FREE environment.After reading throughout the day, the writing was done in the morning hours after studying Bangla,Sanskrit, Geography, Science, Health Sciences, Music, Painting etc.Rabindranath Tagore Biography (Family, Works)Later, the study of English literature wasalso started. Whatever was taught due to sharp intellect, he used to instantly learn and never forget.Now the desire to become a big government officer bygetting higher education was sent to him. At that time she was only 17 YEARS old.By reaching VILAYET, there was a change inWestern social life, but before the completion of the education, they were called back in 1880. In the next year again,there was a stick to send a solute, but it became redundant.Rabindranath Tagore Rabindranath used to travel around north and east Bengal and Orissa's part of the land from the work of Zamindari.


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One negative effect is on our environment. Modernization brings technology that consumes energy and leads to such things as AIR pollution and climate change. ANOTHER negative effect is (arguably) on our society.Modernization breaks up the social TIES that BOUND people together in traditional societies.I THINK it helps

How could NATION develop & what econimic measure could help FORGE this nation TOGETHER

Its the HIGHEST POST of POWER in INDIA

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CHANDIGARH is the capital of HARYANA ...

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COMPANY rule in India EFFECTIVELY BEGAN in 1757 and lasted until 1858, when, following the Indian REBELLION of 1857, the Government of India Act 1858 led to the British Crown's assuming DIRECT control of the Indian subcontinent in the form of the new British Raj.

When the Hitler CAME into the power as a CHANCELLOR Germany withdrawn from the league of NATIONS.

The IDEAS of philosophers were discussed INTENSIVELY in salons and coffee houses and SPREAD among people through books and newspapers. these were FREQUENTLY read aloud in groups for benefits of those who could not read and write.

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Social conditions in Russia before 1905:

1. In the 19th Century most of the European countries underwent important social and economic changes but Russia was still lagging behind. The czars ruled as absolute Monarchs and the aristocracy was strictly feudal.

2. The condition of the Russian pigeons were deplorable. On the other hand the nobility and the High clergymen enjoyed special privileges and rights. agriculture was dominated by a few rich landlords.

3. Although serfdom was abolished in Russian 1861, the situation did not change. The methods and tools of farming did not improve. The farmer had to pay very high dues for small pieces of land and most of them were under heavy debts.

Economic conditions in Russia before 1905:

1. In the 1890 industrialisation in Russia began and developed at a fairly fast rate. The foreign capitalists invested large sums of money in different industries to amass huge profits. The foreign investors were more interested in earning profits then improving the condition of the workers.

2. Even the Russian industrialists exploited the workers and paid them extremely LOW wages. The workers had no political rights. The conditions of the workers in Russia were very miserable they were forced to lead a wretched life . Hence the worker were extremely unhappy and dissatisfied with the PREVALENT and conditions.

Political condition in Russia before 1905:

1. Russia was under the autocratic rule of Romanov czars who believe in the theory of divine right of the kings.czar Nicholas II was crowned in 1894. He was an inefficient and the conservative ruler. He was BELIEVED to be GUIDED and influence by mystic Rasputin.

2. The condition of the workers and peasants were deplorable. Famines were very common throughout the whole country. Many people in Russia were influenced by the developments in western Europe and consequently they demanded constitutional democracy . however their demands were turned down.

3. In 1904 there was a war between Russia and Japan. Russia suffered humiliating defeat at the hands of a small Asian country like Japan. This defeat of the Russian has displeased and angered the people.

4. Revolution broke out in January 1901 after which the czar announced his manifesto in October in the same year. He Granted the freedom of speech, press and movement . He conferred the LEGISLATIVE powers to an elected body called Duma but in no time he re-established his own authority.

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Women in FRANCE were also so strong in the revolution. they were however termed as passive citizen in the constitution of 1991 . they were not given right to vote . they had to work for a living only girls of PROSPEROUS people were given rights to get EDUCATED and then there family will decide there marriage . they FOUGHT for such rights . they joined government offices and places . after hundreds of years of FIGHT for rights they got the right to vote in 1946 in France
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In 1915..

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the patriotic feelings and the writings of history THREW light on the regional histories too.

As result PEOPLE BEGAN to be interested more in the writings in south india and its geographical conditions as it PROVIDE more information about the kingdoms of south india had RICH cultures and tradition .

RIGHT to life ,FREEDOM of SPEECH and opinion,equality before law

1. PERMANENT SETTLEMENT

2. Mahalwari settlement

3. RYOTWARI settlement

Mirza Abu ZAFAR Sirajuddin Muhammad Bahadur Shah Zafar (24 October 1775 – 7 November 1862) was the last Mughal emperor. He was the second SON[1] of and became the successor to his father, Akbar II, upon his death on 28 SEPTEMBER 1837. He was a nominal Emperor, as the Mughal Empire existed in name only and his authority was limited only to the city of Delhi (Shahjahanabad). Following his involvement in the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the British exiled him to Rangoonin British-controlled Burma, after convicting him on conspiracy charges.

Zafar's father, Akbar II had been imprisoned by the English and he was not his father's preferred choice as his successor. One of Akbar Shah's queens, Mumtaz Begum, pressured him to declare her son, Mirza Jahangir, as his successor. However, The East India Company exiled Jahangir after he attacked their resident, in the Red FORT,[1]paving the way for Zafar to assume the throne.

A navigational aid (also known as aid to navigation, ATON, or NAVAID) is any sort of marker which aids the traveler in navigation, usually NAUTICAL or aviation travel. COMMON types of such aids include lighthouses, buoys, fog signals, and day beacons.

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