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Given :

\(\sqrt{7\sqrt{7\sqrt{7\sqrt{7\sqrt7}}}}\) = 7^x

= 7^x = \(\sqrt{7\sqrt{7\sqrt{7\sqrt{7^{3/2}}}}}\) (7√7 = \(\sqrt{7^2\times7}\)

= \(\sqrt{7^3}\) = 7^3/2)

= \(\sqrt{7\sqrt{7\sqrt{7\times7^{3/4}}}}\) 

= \(\sqrt{7\sqrt{7\sqrt{7^{7/4}}}}\)

= \(\sqrt{7\sqrt{7\times7^{7/8}}}\)

= \(\sqrt{7\times7^{15/16}}\)

= 7^31/32

\(\therefore\) x = \(\cfrac{31}{32}\)

Restriction enzyme, also called restriction endonuclease, a protein produced by bacteria that cleaves DNA at specific sites along the molecule. In the bacterial cell, restriction enzymes cleave foreign DNA, thus eliminating infecting organisms.

α β and γ are roots of cubic equation x³ - px² + qx - r = 0

\(\therefore\) sum of roots = \(\cfrac{-(-p)}1\) = p

\(\therefore\) α + β + γ = p....(1)

sum of product of two roots = q/1 = q

\(\therefore\) αβ + βγ + γα = q....(2)

products of roots = \(\cfrac{-(-r)}1\) = r

\(\therefore\) αβγ = r....(3)

multiplying (1) and (2) we get

pq = ( α + β + γ) (αβ + βγ + γα)

= pq = α²β + αβγ + α²γ + αβ²+ β²γ + αβγ + αβγ + βγ² +γ²α

= (α²β + β²γ + α²γ + α²γ + γ²β + β²α) + 3αβγ

\(\sum\)= α²β + 3r

(\(\because\) r = αβγ)

\(\sum\) α²β = pq -3r

(1) Amazon forests

(3) These are involved in ingestion of food particles.

(a) Regulator gene 

(4) Sapwood is the innermost secondary xylem and is lighter in colour

Regulator gene is also called Inhibitory gene. 

(1) (a) and (d)

(b) Secondary treatment 

(1) Inulin, insulin 

(3) Amylopectin and glycogen

Those substance which are useful in prevention, diagnosis and test of physical trouble and disease condition of men are called drug. 

 On the basis of effect on the body drugs are of two types– 

(a) Psychotropic Drug – These drugs directly affect the brain and caused changes in nature. Therefore these drugs are called as mood alternating drug. For exampleCafine, Cocain, Aphim, Morphin and Heroin etc. 

(b) Psychedelic drug – These drugs affect the central nervous system and cause hallucination. For example- LSD, Bhang, Ganza, Charas etc. 

Symptoms :– 

(i) Fever with coldness chill, headache and muscular pain. 

(ii) Decrease in RBC count. 

(iii) Spleen increase in size 

(iv) Fever comes alternatively at 48 hours.

Prevention:– 

(a) Through Destroying Mosquitoes – Malaria is spread by the bite of female anopholese mosquito, therefore, destroying them, we can prevented the disease. For this spraying of DDT & Kerosine and their biological control through Gambusia fish is very useful. 

(b) Prevention through infection – Every person should use mosquito net. If necessary mosquito cream available in market should be used for protection from mosquito bite. Medicines like Quinine and Paludrin may be used for treatment of malaria. 

Allele frequency is the percentage of appearances of an allele in the genotypes of a given population (compared to the other alleles of the studied gene).

For example, in the ABO blood system there are three alleles (I_A, I_B and i). Considering a group of three persons, one with genotype I_Ai, other I_AI_B and other ii, the frequency of the allele IA in this “population” is 2/6, the frequency of the allele I_B is 1/6 and the frequency of the allele i is 3/6.

It is estimated that life on earth emerged about 3.5 billion years ago, thus 1 billion years after the formation of the planet.

The phenomenon in which a large number of genes is destroyed or introduced in a population is called genetic drift.

When a genetic drift occurs the Hardy Weinberg principle is not applicable.

Genetic equilibrium is the result of the Hardy-Weinberg law, a principle that affirms that under specific conditions the frequencies of the alleles of a gene in a given population remain constant.

(The Hardy-Weinberg principle is not valid in the following conditions: for populations too small, in the occurrence of noncasual (driven) crossings, for populations with many infertile members and in case of action of evolutionary factors, like natural selection, mutations and migrations.)

Considering p the frequency of one of the alleles and q the frequency of the other allele of a given gene in a population, in this population individuals produce p gametes with the first allele for each q gamete containing the second allele. Therefore the probabilities of formation of homozygous genotype for the first allele is p² , of homozygous genotype for the second allele is q² and of the heterozygous genotype is p.q + q.p, i.e., 2p.q.

Since the sum of those probabilities necessarily is 1, the resulting mathematical expression is: p² + 2p.q + q² = 1.

In general the number of genotypical forms is not identical to the number of phenotypical forms since there are dominance and other interactions between genes that affect the manifestation of the phenotype.

For a trait conditioned by two alleles, for example, A and a, a balanced frequency between the alleles A and b is more advantageous for survival. For example, in an environmental situation in which the aa homozygous phenotype becomes incompatible with life the presence of a good number of individuals AA and Aa will result in better survival chance for the species. Another example: an environmental situation in which the dominant phenotype becomes incompatible with life; in this case the existence of heterozygous and recessive homozygous individuals in enough number may be fundamental for the survival of the species.

From analysis of data collected by the Hubble telescope the age of the universe is estimated to be about 12 billion years.

When protein in native form is subjected to physical change like change in temperature or chemical change protein loses its biological activity is called denaturation. Primary structure.

It is believed that the earth is approximately 4.5 billion years old.

Biotechnology is the application of biological knowledge to obtain new techniques, materials and compounds of pharmaceutical, medical, agrarian, industrial and scientific use, i.e., of practical use.

The pioneer fields of biotechnology were agriculture and the food industry but nowadays many other practical fields use its techniques.

The main techniques of genetic engineering today are: the recombinant DNA technology (also called genetic engineering itself) in which pieces of genes from an organism are inserted into the genetic material of another organism producing recombinant beings; the nucleus transplantation technology, popularly known as “cloning”, in which a nucleus of a cell is grafted into a enucleated egg cell of the same species to create a genetic copy of the donor (of the nucleus) individual; the technology of DNA amplification, or PCR (polymerase chain reaction), that allows millions replications of chosen fragments of a DNA molecule.

The recombinant DNA technology is used to create transgenic organisms, like mutant insulin-producing bacteria. The nucleus transplantation technology is in its initial development but it is the basis, for example, of the creation of “Dolly” the sheep. PCR has numerous practical uses, as in medical tests to detect microorganisms present in blood and tissues, DNA fingerprint and obtainment of DNA samples for research.

Cloning is the making of an organism genetically identical to another by means of genetic engineering.

The basis of cloning is the nucleus transplantation technology. A nucleus from a cell is extracted, generally from an embryonic (not differentiated) cell and this nucleus is inserted into a previously enucleated reproductive cell (in general an egg cell); the egg is then implanted in the organ where the embryonic development will take place. If embryonic development occurs the new organism will have identical genetic patrimony to the organism owner of the cell whose nucleus was used in the transplantation.

Besides biological perils, a very serious moral problem involves the nucleus transplantation technology concerning humans: an individual right of a human being is offended when a man or woman is made as a copy of another. 

Since it is impossible to first ask if the person to be generated wants or not to be a genetic copy of another person, certainly the most important human right is being offended, one's individual freedom, when a human being is obliged to be a genetic copy of another. It is indeed a danger to democracy, whose most basic principle must be nonviolation of individual freedom.

In the production of human insulin by bacteria the human insulin gene is incorporated into the genetic material of these microorganisms. The mutant bacteria multiply forming lineages of insulin-producing bacteria.

In bacteria there are circular strands of DNA called plasmids, minichromosomes which act as an accessory to the main DNA. To create a mutant bacteria capable of producing insulin a plasmid is submitted to the action of restriction enzymes (restriction endonucleases) specialized in cutting DNA fragments. The once circular plasmid is open by the restriction enzyme. The same enzyme is used to cut a human DNA molecule containing the insulin gene. The piece of human DNA containing the insulin gene then has its extremities bound to the plasmid with the help of DNA ligases. The recombinant plasmid containing the human insulin gene is then inserted into the bacteria.

Another human hormone already produced by recombinant bacteria is GH (somatotropin, or growth hormone).

The insertion of DNA molecules into cells of an individual is also the method of the gene therapy, a promising treatment for genetic diseases. In gene therapy cells from an organism deficient in the production of a given protein receive (by means of vectors, e.g., virus) pieces of DNA containing the protein gene and they then begin to synthesize the protein.

Correct option is A) if

Correct option is C) Because

Correct option is C) honest

Correct option is C) fails to happen

Correct option is A) not keep up

They were pioneers of their gharanas; Kirana, Atrauli-Jaipur and Agra respectively

Correct answer is Guru Nanak

Refer to dictionary for the meanings and circle the odd one

1.  great - big, large tiny vast

2. success - victory , failure, award, win

3. happiness - mirth, joy, laugh, sadness

4. sports - games, play, brooding, run.

5. school - children, birds, classroom, teachers.

6. wonderful - amazing, great, small, grand.

7. sorrowful - sad, depressed, gloomy, merry

8. cute - pretty, ugly, lovable, charming.

9. summary - synopsis, resume, shortened, detail

10. athlete - player, runner, idler, active

Correct option is D) poverty

 Importance of Cleanliness 

Cleanliness is one of the good qualities. It is a part of our civilization. A man of dirty habits is far from culture and civilization. So, with the progress of civilization, a man cleans himself more and more. He cleans his body. He cleans his mind and heart. He modifies all his actions and manners. He purifies his soul. This will lead him to the highest form of civilization. But all other cleanings depend on the cleanliness of body. Hence, cleanliness is considered so important. Sri Narendra Modi, our Prime-Minister has started a ‘Clean India Campaign’.

If we clean our bodies and limbs, we will be free from many kinds of diseases. Clean food cooked in the clean pot and served in the clean dish will give us health and happiness. If we wear clean dress, our mind will be happy. Cleanliness gives us a cheerful mind. We like to read clean books. Hence, we read more and understand better.

So, cleanliness brings us progress and improvement in all the fields of activities and in all the spheres of life. By cleanliness of body and limbs, cleanliness of all our articles of use, cleanliness of our dwellings and soul, we gradually move towards divinity. Hence, there is a saying, “Cleanliness is next to Godliness”. In the same way if our country is clean, more and more tourists will visit our country. Due to this, our country will make more economic progress.

सफाई अच्छे गुणों में से एक गुण है। यह हमारी सभ्यता का एक भाग है। गंदी आदतों वाला व्यक्ति संस्कृति और सभ्यता से दूर होता है। इसलिए, सभ्यता के विकास के साथ मनुष्य अपने आप को अधिक से अधिक साफ रखता है। वह अपने शरीर को साफ करता है। वह अपनी आत्मा और मन को साफ करता है। वह अपने सभी कार्यों और व्यवहार को परिष्कृत करता है। वह अपनी आत्मा को साफ करता है। यह उसे सभ्यता के सर्वोच्च रूप में ले जाता है। लेकिन अन्य सभी सफाई शरीर की सफाई पर निर्भर करती हैं। इसलिए, सफाई को इतना महत्वपूर्ण माना जाता है। हमारे प्रधानमंत्री नरेन्द्र मोदी जी ने तो ‘स्वच्छ भारत अभियान प्रारम्भ कर दिया है।

यदि हम अपने शरीर के अंगों को साफ करें तो हम कई प्रकार की बीमारियों से मुक्त हो जायेंगे। साफ बर्तन में पका हुआ तथा स्वच्छ बर्तनों में परोसा हुआ स्वच्छ खाना हमें स्वास्थ्य तथा प्रसन्नता प्रदान करेगा। यदि हम स्वच्छ कपड़े पहनेंगे तो हमारा दिमाग प्रसन्न रहेगा। स्वच्छता हमें प्रसन्न मस्तिष्क प्रदान करती है। हम स्वच्छ पुस्तकों को पढ़ना पसंद करते हैं। इसलिए, हम और अधिक पढ़ते हैं तथा बेहतर समझते हैं।

इसलिए, स्वच्छता गतिविधियों के सभी क्षेत्रों में तथा जीवन के सभी क्षेत्रों में तरक्की तथा सुधार लाती है। शरीर व अंगों की सफाई के द्वारा, हमारे उपयोग की सभी सामग्रियों की सफाई के द्वारा, हमारे निवास की तथा आत्मा की सफाई के द्वारा, हम धीरे-धीरे देवत्व की ओर बढ़ते हैं। इसलिए, ऐसा कहा जाता है, ‘स्वच्छता देवत्व का दूसरा रूप है’। इसी प्रकार यदि हमारा देश स्वच्छ होगा तो विदेशी पर्यटक भारत भ्रमण के लिए अधिक मात्रा में आयेंगे। इस कारण हमारे देश की आर्थिक प्रगति होगी।

An E-book

An e-book is a book in electronic format. It is downloaded to a computer and is read on the screen. It has numbered pages, table of contents, pictures and graphics, exactly like a printed book.

E-book presents many benefits and advantages. No trees are required to be cut to manufacture paper for the pages of e-book. E-books take up less space. You practically don’t need any space to store them. You don’t need a library or a room for them. You can store hundreds and thousands of e-books in your computer. E-books are searchable. You can easily search for any information in an e-book instead of turning page after page. E-books can be printable so that if you wish to read an e-book in the traditional way, you can very inexpensively print it using your home printer or at any printing shop. It is possible to purchase an e-book 24 hours a day, every day of the year, from the comfort of your own house or office. You can purchase and download an ebook, even if you are on a vacation if you have a laptop and wireless internet connection.

In this way, e-book is rapidly taking place of traditional books.

एक ई-बुक इलेक्ट्रानिक स्वरूप में होती है। इसे एक कम्प्यूटर पर डाउनलोड किया जाता है तथा स्क्रीन पर पढ़ा जाता है। इसमें नम्बर पड़े हुए पेज, सूची की तालिका, तस्वीरें तथा ग्राफिक्स होते हैं, बिल्कुल वैसे ही जैसे कि एक छपी हुई पुस्तक में होते हैं।

ई-बुक के बहुत सारे लाभ व फायदे होते हैं। ई-बुक के पन्नों के निर्माण के लिए किसी भी पेड़ की आवश्यकता नहीं होती है। ई-बुक कम जगह घेरती है। आपको व्यावहारिक तौर पर उनका संग्रह करने के लिए किसी स्थान की आवश्यकता नहीं होती है। आपको उनके संग्रह के लिए किसी पुस्तकालय या कमरे की आवश्यकता नहीं होती है। आप अपने कम्प्यूटर में सैकड़ों व हजारों ई-बुक स्टोर कर सकते हैं। ई-बुक खोजे जाने योग्य होती हैं। आप बजाय पन्नों के बाद पन्नों को उलटने के, एक ई-बुक में आसानी से किसी भी सूचना को तलाश सकते हैं। ई-बुक को छापा जी सकता है, ताकि यदि आप एक ई-बुक को परम्परागत तरीके से पढ़ना चाहते हैं तो आप अपने घर के प्रिंटर के प्रयोग से या किसी प्रिंटिंग की दुकान से बहुत ही कम खर्चे में इसे छपवा सकते हैं। एक ई-बुक को अपने घर या आफिस में ही आराम से बैठे बैठे चौबीसों घण्टे, साल के प्रतिदिन क्रय करना संभव है। यदि आपके पास एक लैपटाप और इंटरनेट कनेक्शन है तो भले ही आप छुट्टी पर हैं, आप एक ई-बुक को क्रय कर सकते हैं तथा डाउनलोड कर सकते हैं। इस प्रकार से ई-बुक तेजी से परम्परागत पुस्तकों का स्थान ले रही है।

Short-Cut to Success

One of the greatest shortcuts that anyone can adopt to achieve success is to follow the examples of successful people. One thing that you can safely count on is that whatever goals and ambitions you may have, there will be someone who has been successful in doing the same. Not only will there be someone who has already successfully done something similar, but more than likely, someone might have written about it.

If you want to learn why some people are highly successful and get a better understanding of the thoughts of successful people, try to approach someone you respect and admire. You can still gain significant information by research and observation, and reading books by and about successful people.

You can achieve whatever you want in your life if you are committed and determined, if you are prepared to work hard and learn what you need to know. You will make mistakes, but you don’t have to learn everything through trial and error. You can learn from the experts and the people who have already been there because they had made all the mistakes and learnt the hard way. Utilizing and adopting this information into your plans, you can dramatically increase your progress.

शार्टकट जिसे कोई भी सफल होने के लिए अपनाना चाहता है वह सफल लोगों के उदाहरणों का अनुसरण करना है। एक चीज जिस पर आप बड़े ही सुरक्षित तरीके से भरोसा कर सकते हो वह है आपका कोई भी उद्देश्य या अभिलाषा हो, कोई ना कोई तो है जो इसी या इसी प्रकार की चीज़ करने में सफल रहे हैं। ना केवल कोई ऐसा होगा जिसने इसी प्रकार का कार्य पहले से ही सफलतापूर्वक कर दिया है बल्कि बहुत अधिक संभावना है कि किसी ने इसके बारे में लिख भी दिया होगा।

यदि आप जानना चाहते हो कि क्यों लोग बहुत ही अधिक सफल होते हैं, और सफल लोगों के विचारों की बेहतर समझ क्यों रखते हैं, तो उस व्यक्ति के पास पहुँचने का प्रयास करो जिनका आप सम्मान करते हो या जिनकी आप प्रशंसा करते हो। आप खोज व पर्यवेक्षण के द्वारा तथा सफल लोगों द्वारा या सफल लोगों पर लिखी गई पुस्तकें पढ़कर भी बहुत सारी महत्वपूर्ण जानकारी हासिल कर सकते हो।

यदि आप समर्पित तथा दृढनिश्चयी हैं, यदि आप कठोर परिश्रम करने तथा जो आपको जानना है उसे जानने को तैयार हैं तो आप जीवन में जो कुछ भी चाहते हो उसे पा सकते हो। आप गलतियाँ करोगे लेकिन आपको प्रत्येक चीज़ को प्रयास एवं त्रुटि के द्वारा नहीं सीखना है। आप माहिरे लोगों से तथा उन लोगों से जो पहले से वहाँ हैं उनसे सीख। सकते हैं। क्योंकि उन्होंने सारी गलतियाँ की थीं व कठोर तरीके से सीखे थे। अपनी योजना में इन जानकारी का उपयोग करके तथा अपनाकर आप अपनी तरक्की की गति को नाटकीय ढंग से बढ़ा सकते हो।

Tata Sky is the joint venture of Tata and Star.

Intangibility, Perish ability, Inseparability & Variability are the characteristics of Services.

b. Service Triangle

Electronic Channels are the only service distributors which do not require direct human interactions.

d. Self Service Technologies 

Services cape is the physical surroundings or the physical facility where the service is produced, delivered and consumed.

Evaluation of Medical Diagnosis service is mainly depends on High in credence quality.

Auto repair is dicult to evaluate.

c. Process Mix