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Correct option (1)   NO₂ CH₂ COOH > NCCH₂ COOH >  FCH₂ COOH > ClCH₂COOH 

Explanation:

EWG increase acidic strength 

NO₂ CH₂ COOH > NCCH₂ COOH >  FCH₂ COOH > ClCH₂COOH 

Correct option (2) A > C > B  

Explanation:

Order of acidity : A > C > B 

Order of electrical conductivity : A > C > B 

Methane and Ethane

Methane and methanol.

Conductivity of a solution is dependent on the number of ions per unit volume. On dilution, the number of ions per unit volume decreases, hence the conductivity decreases.

Zn (s)|Zn²⁺ (aq) || Ag⁺ (aq)|Ag (s)

 (a) Zn electrode (anode)

 (b) Ions are carriers of the current in the cell.

 (c) At anode : 

Zn (s) --> Zn²⁺ + 2e^-

At cathode :

 Ag⁺ + e^- --> Ag (s)

Sacred Groves:-

Sacred groves are the secret patches around places of worship. They are of a great religious value among tribal communities.

In such cases nature is protected by prevailling religious and cultural traditions. Here tracts of forests are set a side and all plants and animals are venerated and provided with complete protection.

Example of sacred groves are Kashi and Jaintia hills in Meghalaya, Aravali Hills in Rajasthan, westen Ghat regions of Karnataka, Maharastra and Sarguja (MP), Chanda and Batsar areas of M.P., Kaimul in Bihar, Rajgir and Brabar Hills in Bihar regions Hazaribagh in Jharkhand. In Sikkim, Khecheo palri lake is decleared sacred by peope, thus protecting the aquatic flora and fauna.

Role in conservatino:- Many rare and threatened plants have bun protected in sacredgroves of Meghalaya. Such areas have been found to be most undistrubed and they are usually surrounded bymost degraded lands capes.

Based on birth is not the Characteristics of the Social Class.

Hierarchy is not found in the Caste system is not Correct .

Concept:

• The First Bullet Train project was completed with Japan.
• Japan provides technical and financial support.
• The length of the track is 508 km.
• The construction began in September 2017.

Explanation:

• Prime Minister Narendra Modi started the bullet train project connecting Mumbai and Ahmadabad.
• The train has a feature of high speed around 350kmph.

The correct answer is Andhra Pradesh.

• Sriharikota:
  • It is a barrier island near the Bay of Bengal.
  • It is located in Nellore district in Andhra Pradesh.
  • The Satish Dhawan Space Centre is also located here.
  • It is known as ‘Spaceport of India’.

• This place is selected for rocket launching in India because Sriharikota is located at the equator.
• There is an additional velocity present on the equator which will eventually help rockets launching from the east coast of India.

The correct answer is Orbit.

• An orbit is the path of a planet around the sun.

• Kepler's Law of Planetary Motion states that planets revolve in an elliptical orbit.
• Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion:
  • All planets move around the sun in elliptical orbits, with the sun being at rest at one focus of the orbit.
  • The position vector of the planet with the sun at the origin sweeps out equal area in equal time.
  • The square of the period of revolution of a planet around the sun is directly proportional to the cube of the main distance of the planet from the sun.

• Our galaxy is called the Milky Way (or the Akashganga) and it contains about 300 billion stars and one of these is our sun.
  • Planets and other objects go round the sun and make up the solar system with the sun at the center. 
  • Milky Way Galaxy was formed 5 billion years after the Big Bang.

Concept:

• Cape Comorin is the southernmost point in South India.
• It is located in Tamil Nadu.

Explanation:

• The southernmost part refers to the place farthest towards the south.
• Kanyakumari is the coastal town on the southernmost tip.
• Cape Comorin is a town in Kanyakumari.
• It is referred to as 'The Land's End'.
• It is a popular tourist place with unique ocean sunrise and sunset.

Explanation:

• Rafale jet is a technology of France. It was built by Dassault Aviation. The Rafale jet deal was controversial for years.
• In the year 2019, the Supreme court of India dismissed all the petitions regarding the case.

• India has also finalized the 21 Russia's MiG-29 fighter's deal with Russia in 2020.

• Synapse is responsible for the chemical transmission of messages between cells.
• Neurons communicate with one another at junctions called synapses. At a synapse, one neuron sends a message to a target neuron—another cell.
  Most synapses are chemical; these synapses communicate using chemical messengers. Other synapses are electrical; in these synapses, ions flow directly between cells.
  At a chemical synapse, an action potential triggers the presynaptic neuron to release neurotransmitters. These molecules bind to receptors on the postsynaptic cell and make it more or less likely to fire an action potential.

Let us discuss other options as well:

• Axons connect with other cells in the body including other neurons, muscle cells, and organs. 
• At a chemical synapse, an action potential triggers the presynaptic neuron to release neurotransmitters.
• Dendrites are projections of a neuron (nerve cell) that receive signals (information) from other neurons.

Explanation:

• Bangalore is the electronic city of India. It has an industrial park spread over 800 acres (3.2 km²) in Konappana Agrahara and Doddathogur villages. R. K. Baliga is the mastermind behind the concept of the electronic city.

Correct option is D) nor

Origin of Species by Natural Selection: 

• It was written by Charles Darwin.
• It was a groundbreaking scientific work by British naturalist Charles Darwin.
• It was originally published in 1859.
• Darwin, through his theory, argued, that organisms gradually evolve through a process he called “natural selection.”
• In natural selection, organisms with genetic variations that are better suited to their environment have an advantage over the organisms of the same species that lack the variation.
• And thus, the better-suited organism or specie, are in turn more likely to survive and more likely to give their features to future generations than the other.
• And such, the cycle of natural selection of the specie is carried out during the course of evolution.

Charles Darwin:

• Charles Darwin was born in 1809 in Shrewsbury, England.
• Darwin proposed a theory of evolution called natural selection in the year 1859.
• According to it those populations which are a better fit (reproductively fit) in an environment will be selected by nature and will survive more.
• Darwin's theory of natural selection is popularly known as 'Darwinism'.
• English naturalist Charles Darwin developed the idea of natural selection after a five-year voyage to study plants, animals, and fossils in South America and on islands in the Pacific.
• Darwin conducted a sea voyage in a sailing ship called H.M.S Beagle as a part of his experiments on the theory of evolution.
• Charles Darwin became almost universally thought of as the "Father of Evolution".
• Darwin's process of natural selection has four components:
  • Variation 
  • Inheritance
  • High rate of population growth
  • Differential survival and reproduction
• Charles Darwin died in 1882 at the age of seventy-three.

Thus, Charles Darwin wrote 'Origin of Species'.

The correct answer is 1986.

• This award is given by the Government of Madhya Pradesh in the field for the Best Indian Poet composing poems in Indian languages. 
• The Kabir Puruksar was instituted in the year 1986. It consists of a cash prize of 3 Lakhs, citation, Shawl, and coconut.
• The first recipient of this award was poet Gopal Krishna in the year 1986. 

•  The last recipient of this award was Ashok Chakradhar in the year 2018.

AgCl shows Frenkel defect due to large difference in size between the positive (Ag⁺) and negative (Cl⁻) ion

The strength of a covalent bond is measured by its bond dissociation energy, that is, the amount of energy required to break that particular bond in a mole of molecules. Multiple bonds are stronger than single bonds between the same atoms.

Answer is (A) Blue

(i) propan-2-ol when treated with iodine and alkali gives yellow precipitate of iodoform whereas propan -1- ol does not gives iodoform test. 

(ii) Only phenol gives violet colour with FeCl₃ solution.

3C₆H₅OH + FeCl₃  (C₆H₃)₃Fe + 3HCl

(i) soft drink and soda water packing under high pressure 

(ii) Number of mole of cane sugar = \(\frac{0.1\times100}{1000}\) = 0.01 mol 

Total volume, V = (100 + 100) cm³ 

= 200 cm³ = 0.2L

For osmotic pressure, \(\pi=\frac{(n_1+n_2)}{v}RT\) 

= \(\frac{(0.025+0.01)}{0.2}\) x 0.082 x 293

= \(\frac{0.035}{2}\) × 0.082 × 293 = 4.2 atm

Answer is (a) [Fe(OH₃)]Fe³⁺ is formed

Degree of dissociation, x=50%=0.5
Van't Hoff factor, i= number of moles after dissociation/total number of moles initially

= (1+4x)/1

i=1+4(0.5)=1+2=3

According to the metal reactivity series- zinc, magnesium metals are highly reactive metals and iron metal is also move reactive than copper metal.

Highly reactive metal can displace les reactive metals from their solutions.

Order of reactivity-

Mg > Zn > Fe > Cu

Therefore-

In test tube 'A & B' chemical reaction occurs-

In test tube -A

Zn(5) + FeSO₄(aq) → Zn SO₄(aq) + Fe(s)

In test tube - B

Mg(s) + FeSO₄ (aq) → MgSO₄(aq) + Fe(s)

In test tube - C & D

→ No chemical reactions.

If ∆_o > P, it becomes more energetically favourable for the fourth electron to occupy a t_2g orbital with configuration t_2g⁴ e_g⁰ . Ligands which produce this effect are known as strong field ligands and form low spin complexes. If ∆_o < P. Ligands which produce this effect are known as strong field ligands and form low spin complexes. In this case the configuration is t_2g3 e_g¹

(i) The particles are attached to the surface of another medium for the reaction to take place. During this process the residual forces on the surface of adsorbent decreases which in turn decreases the surface energy. This energy appears in the form of heat, hence adsorption is exothermic in nature. 

(ii) Chemisorption takes place as a result of the reaction between adsorbent and adsorbate. When the surface of the adsorbent is covered with one layer, no further reaction can take place. Physisorption is simply by Vander Wall’s forces. So any number of layers may be formed one over the other on the surface of the adsorbent.

(i) Cu⁺ ion in an aqueous solution is unstable. It disproportionate to give Cu²⁺ and Cu. 

(ii) Many of the transition metals shows maximum paramagnetic character amongst the bivalent ions of 1^st transition series due to maximum number of unpaired electrons.

(i) Cr²⁺ has the configuration 3d⁴ . It can lose electron to form Cr³⁺ which has stable 3d³ configuration. Hence it is reducing agent. On the other hand, Mn³⁺ also has 3d⁴ configuration but it can gain electron to form Mn²⁺ which has stable 3d⁵ configuration (as it is exactly half - filled). Hence it is oxidising agent. 

(ii) Many of the transition elements are known to form interstitial compounds due to presence of unpaired electrons in the d-orbital.

(a) Thermal stability decreases from H₂O to H₂Te. The thermal stability of the hydrides of group 16 elements decreases down the group. This is because M-H bond dissociation energy decreases down the group with the increase in the size of a central atom. 

(b) The size of halogen decreases down the group, therefore hydration enthalpy decrease.

Au and Ag. They are not oxidized at anode. They are less electropositive than copper.

No change in AG.

The correct answer  " Pine oil. "

Galena (PbS), Zinc blende (ZnS), Cinnabar (HgS).