Saved Bookmarks
This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 2501. |
HIV antagonizes the ___________ cell in human body.(a) Red Blood Cell (RBC)(b) Cytotoxic T cell(c) B cell(d) Helper T cell |
|
Answer» Correct option is (d) Helper T cell For explanation I would say: HIV or Human Immune deficiency Virus infects the Helper T cells present in the blood. It recognizes the CD4 proteins on the surface of the helper T cells and thus infects it. By doing this, HIV manipulates the very cells which activate both B cells and Cytotoxic T cells. |
|
| 2502. |
In relation to Gross primary productivity and Net primary productivity of an ecosystem, which one of the following statements is correct ?(1) There is no relationship between Gross primary productivity and Net primary productivity.(2) Gross primary productivity is always less than net primary productivity.(3) Gross primary productivity is always more than net primary productivity.(4) Gross primary productivity and Net primary productivity are one and same. |
|
Answer» (3) Gross primary productivity is always more than net primary productivity. |
|
| 2503. |
The transport of water molecules from a solution to the cell cytoplasm occurs in _________(a) Hypertonic solution(b) Hypotonic solution(c) Isotonic solution(d) All of the mentioned |
|
Answer» The correct answer is (b) Hypotonic solution Best explanation: When the concentration of solute in the solution is greater than that of cell interior, it is called hypertonic solution. When the concentration of solute in the solution is greater than that of cell interior, it is called hypotonic solution. When both the solution and the cell interior has equal concentration of solute, it is called isotonic solution. Water diffuses from hypotonic solution towards cell interior with more solute concentration. |
|
| 2504. |
In the electron transport chain, each pair of electron transferred from NADH to oxygen releases sufficient energy to produce __________(a) 3 ATPs(b) 1 ATP(c) 2 ATPs(d) 4 ATPs |
|
Answer» Right answer is (a) 3 ATPs To elaborate: Electron is transported from the reduced cofactor NADH to oxygen by electron transport chain. During the transfer, it releases sufficient energy to drive the formation of approximately 3 ATP molecules. |
|
| 2505. |
In the electron transport chain, each pair of electron donated by FADH2 releases sufficient energy to produce __________(a) 3 ATPs(b) 1 ATP(c) 2 ATPs(d) 4 ATPs |
|
Answer» The correct choice is (c) 2 ATPs The explanation is: Electron is donated by the reduced cofactor FADH2 to oxygen by electron transport chain. During the transfer, it releases sufficient energy to drive the formation of approximately 2 ATP molecules. |
|
| 2506. |
The free energy released during electron transport is utilized to move protons from _____________ to inner membrane and cytosol.(a) extracellular environment(b) outer membrane(c) nucleus(d) matrix |
|
Answer» Correct answer is (d) matrix The best I can explain: The free energy released in the electron transport moves protons from matrix to inner membrane and cytosol of the mitochondrion. |
|
| 2507. |
The microsomal content of a ruptured cell represents how many organelles?(a) 1(b) 2(c) 3(d) 4 |
|
Answer» Right choice is (b) 2 The explanation: The heterogeneous similar sized membranous vesicles derived from the endomembrane system of a homogenized cell, primarily represented by the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex, are referred to as microsomes. |
|
| 2508. |
What is the diameter of a gap junction?(a) 2.2 – 3 nm(b) 3 – 3.2 nm(c) 1.2 – 2 nm(d) 0.2 – 2 nm |
|
Answer» Correct choice is (c) 1.2 – 2 nm For explanation: The gap junctions have a wide diameter of about 1.2 – 2 nm. These gap junctions are capable of allowing molecules that are slightly larger than the normal sized ones. |
|
| 2509. |
How many plasmodesmata are present in a plant cell?(a) 10(b) 100(c) 1000(d) 5 |
|
Answer» Correct answer is (c) 1000 Best explanation: The plant cells have around 1000 plasmodesmata, which connects them with the neighboring cells. These plasmodesmata serves as a channel, which helps the transfer of materials from one cell to another. |
|
| 2510. |
Which of the following is a non-competitive inhibitor against protease produced by HIV?(a) Tipranavir(b) Acetylcholinesterase(c) Ritonavir(d) Phenicols |
|
Answer» The correct answer is (a) Tipranavir To elaborate: In noncompetitive inhibition, the substrate and inhibitor do not compete for the active site of the enzyme and the inhibitor generally act at other site to bind to the enzyme. The level of inhibition depends on concentration of the inhibitor. Tipranavir is non-competitive inhibitor of the protease produced by HIV when HIV infects a white blood cell. Ritonavir is a competitive inhibitor of the protease and resembles the its peptide substate. |
|
| 2511. |
The process of growth is maximum during :(1) Dormancy (2) Log phase (3) Lag phase (4) Senescence |
|
Answer» (2) Log phase |
|
| 2512. |
Strobili or cones are found in :(1) Equisetum (2) Salvinia (3) Pteris (4) Marchantia |
|
Answer» (1) Equisetum |
|
| 2513. |
Which genetic disorder is associated with dysfunction of gap junction?(a) Vohwinkel’s syndrome(b) Down’s syndrome(c) Zellweger Syndrome(d) Bubble Boy Syndrome |
|
Answer» Correct answer is (a) Vohwinkel’s syndrome The best I can explain: Vohwinkel’s syndrome is a skin disease caused by a disorder in the gap junction. It is characterized by thick calluses in the palms of hands and foot. This disease is seen in the infant stages or early childhood. |
|
| 2514. |
Which of the following is not involved in electron chain transport system?(a) Complexes I, II, II, IV(b) Ubiquinone(c) Cytochrome C(d) All of them are involved |
|
Answer» Right choice is (d) All of them are involved To explain I would say: Electron carriers can be isolated as part of four distinct, asymmetric, membrane-spanning complexes known as complexes I, II, II and IV. Two of the electron transport chain complexes, Ubiquinone and Cytochrome C are not part of any complexes. Ubiquinone is present as a pool of molecules dissolved in lipid bilayer and Cyt C is soluble protein in intermembrane space. |
|
| 2515. |
Which genetic disorder is associated with accumulation of proteoglycans?(a) Polysaccharidoses(b) Mucomonosaccharidoses(c) Mucopolysaccharidoses(d) Monosaccharidoses |
|
Answer» Correct answer is (c) Mucopolysaccharidoses The explanation: Mucopolysacchaaridoses is a genetic disorder caused by the accumulation of proteoglycans. The lysosomal cells when they are unable to lyse the glycosaminoglycans cause the accumulation of the proteoglycans. |
|
| 2516. |
The enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a proton from a reactant to NAD+ is known as ______(a) Hydrolase(b) Proton carrier(c) Dehydrogenase(d) None of the mentioned |
|
Answer» Correct choice is (c) Dehydrogenase Explanation: Dehydrogenase is the enzyme that catalyzes the removal of a proton tor hydrogen from a reactant to NAD+. NADH is the reduced form of NAD+, which is a cofactor in the electron transport chain. |
|
| 2517. |
In gel electrophoresis, separated DNA fragments can be visualized with the help of : (1) Ethidium bromide in infrared radiation (2) Acetocarmine in bright blue light (3) Ethidium bromide in UV radiation (4) Acetocarmine in UV radiation |
|
Answer» (3) Ethidium bromide in UV radiation |
|
| 2518. |
The sequence that controls the copy number of the linked DNA in the vector, is termed :(1) Recognition site(2) Selectable marker(3) Ori site (4) Palindromic sequence |
|
Answer» (3) Ori site |
|
| 2519. |
The oxygenation activity of RuBisCo enzyme in photorespiration leads to the formation of : (1) 1 molecule of 4-C compound and 1 molecule of 2-C compound.(2) 2 molecules of 3-C compound (3) 1 molecule of 3-C compound (4) 1 molecule of 6-C compound |
|
Answer» (3) 1 molecule of 3-C compound |
|
| 2520. |
Snow-blindness in Antarctic region is due to : (1) Damage to retina caused by infra-red rays (2) Freezing of fluids in the eye by low temperature (3) Inflammation of cornea due to high dose of UV-B radiation (4) High reflection of light from snow |
|
Answer» (3) Inflammation of cornea due to high dose of UV-B radiation |
|
| 2521. |
Among which of the following Peroxisomes are absent?(a) Bacillus subtilis(b) Zea mays(c) Homo habilis(d) Euphlyctis hexadactylus |
|
Answer» Correct answer is (a) Bacillus subtilis Explanation: Peroxisomes are only present in eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells are devoid of peroxisomes thus Bacillus subtilis is a bacteria and it lacks peroxisomes. |
|
| 2522. |
Which genetic disorder is associated with dysfunction of peroxisomes?(a) Parkinson’s disease(b) Down’s syndrome(c) Zellweger Syndrome(d) Bubble Boy Syndrome |
|
Answer» Correct option is (c) Zellweger Syndrome For explanation I would say: Zellweger is an autosomal recessive systemic disorder caused by the impairment of peroxisomes biogenesis. They affect the brain, nerve, face and liver. |
|
| 2523. |
What is the major role of peroxisomes in our body?(a) Breakdown of Formaldehyde(b) Breakdown of proteins(c) Breakdown of Hydrogen Peroxide(d) Breakdown of Phthalates |
|
Answer» The correct choice is (c) Breakdown of Hydrogen Peroxide The explanation is: The peroxisomes have an enzyme called catalase. This enzyme is used to breakdown Hydrogen Peroxide into water. |
|
| 2524. |
Which pigment constitutes majorly in absorbing sunlight for photosynthesis?(a) Chlorophyll a(b) Chlorophyll b(c) Xanthophyll(d) Anthocyanin |
|
Answer» The correct answer is (b) Chlorophyll b Explanation: Chlorophyll b is a pigment, which is yellow in colour. This pigment is responsible for the vast absorption of sunlight. It is present in the light absorbing antenna of the plants. |
|
| 2525. |
Which of the following enzyme produced by peroxisomes are present in plant cell, but absent in human cell?(a) Catalase(b) Peroxidase(c) Uric acid oxidase(d) D – amino acid oxidase |
|
Answer» Correct answer is (c) Uric acid oxidase The best I can explain: The peroxisomes in human cells lack Uric acid catalase which is present in plant cells. Due to this lacking, the humans are exposed to a disease called gout. |
|
| 2526. |
A solution having a pH of 6 has a proton concentration of _______(a) 10^-6 M(b) 10^6 M(c) 6 M(d) 0.6 M |
|
Answer» Right choice is (a) 10^-6 M The explanation: pH equals negative logarithmic concentration of protons. Since the pH scale is logarithmic, an increase of one pH unit corresponds to ten-fold decrease in hydrogen ion/ proton concentration. |
|
| 2527. |
Name the enzyme that facilitates opening of DNA helix during transcription.(1) RNA polymerase (2) DNA ligase (3) DNA helicase (4) DNA polymerase |
|
Answer» (1) RNA polymerase |
|
| 2528. |
DCMU is a herbicide which kills the plant by(1) Inhibiting photolysis of water as it is a strong inhibitor of pigment system II (2) Inhibiting CO2 function as it is a strong inhibitor of pigment system II (3) Checking respiration (4) Destroying Chloroplast |
|
Answer» (1) Inhibiting photolysis of water as it is a strong inhibitor of pigment system II |
|
| 2529. |
Statement I Microtubules are formed only in animal cells. Statement II Microtubules are made up of a protein called myosin. Choose the correct optionA. Statement I is correct and statement II is incorrect.B. Statement II is correct and statement I is Incorrect.C. Both statements are correct.D. Both statements are incorrect. |
|
Answer» Correct Answer - D Microlubules are found in both animal and plant colls and are forned of protoin tubulin. |
|
| 2530. |
In which part of the plant, does photosynthesis takes place?(a) Peroxisomes(b) Glyoxisomes(c) Quantosomes(d) Lysosomes |
|
Answer» Correct answer is (c) Quantosomes For explanation I would say: Quantosomes are sub cellular organelles present in the membrane of thylakoid in the chloroplast. Their function is to absorb light energy and start the photosynthesis mechanism. |
|
| 2531. |
What cell organelle assists in the oxidation of fatty acids along with peroxisomes?(a) Ribosome(b) Nucleus(c) Endoplasmic Reticulum(d) Mitochondria |
|
Answer» Correct choice is (d) Mitochondria Easiest explanation: Peroxisomes and mitochondria helps in breaking long fatty acid chains to simpler substances by β-oxidation. This was found by Lazarow and De Duve in 1976. |
|
| 2532. |
Identify A and B from the below figure.(a) A – Lumen; B – Thylakoids(b) A – Thylakoids; B – Lumen(c) A – Stroma; B – Grana(d) A – Grana; B – Stroma |
|
Answer» Correct answer is (b) A – Thylakoids; B – Lumen For explanation I would say: Thylakoids resemble the structure of a coin, a stack of thylakoids looks like a stack of coins known as grana. The lumen is a connection between two or more grana. |
|
| 2533. |
Which of the following type of spectrum is a plot of efficiency of different types of wavelengths in bringing about the photosynthesis?(a) absorption spectrum(b) action spectrum(c) efficiency spectrum(d) reflection spectrum |
|
Answer» The correct option is (b) action spectrum The best I can explain: Action spectrum is a plot of relative rate of photosynthesis induced by lights of different wavelengths. The spectrum identifies wavelengths that are effective in inducing a physiological response. |
|
| 2534. |
Herbicide that blocks electron transport from PS-II to PS-I by inhibiting electron flow between plastoquinone `to` cytochrome isA. DCMUB. ParaquatC. DCPIPD. None of these |
|
Answer» Correct Answer - A DCMU is selective herbicide that acts as potent inhibitor of PS-II. Paraquat inhibits PS-I by producing super oxides. DCPIP is a dye used to measure rate of photosynthesis. |
|
| 2535. |
In light reaction,plastoquinone facilitates the transfer of electrons from :(1) PS-I to ATP synthase (2) PS-II to Cytb6f complex (3) Cytb 6f complex to PS-I (4) PS-I to NADP+ |
|
Answer» (2) PS-II to Cytb 6f complex |
|
| 2536. |
The mass of chloroplast DNA is __________(a) 10 – 15 million daltons(b) 50 – 100 million daltons(c) 80 – 130 million daltons(d) 25 – 125 million daltons |
|
Answer» Correct choice is (c) 80 – 130 million daltons To elaborate: The chloroplasts have their own DNA, which is circular in shape that forms a ring like structure. A single chloroplast DNA has a mass of about 80 – 130 million daltons. |
|
| 2537. |
What is the diameter of a chloroplast?(a) 1 – 2 micrometer(b) 2 – 4 micrometer(c) 4 – 6 micrometer(d) 6 – 10 micrometer |
|
Answer» Correct answer is (c) 4 – 6 micrometer For explanation I would say: Chloroplasts are generally 4 – 6 micrometer in diameter and 2 – 4 micrometer in thickness. These chloroplasts are round, oval and disc shaped organelles. |
|
| 2538. |
Which of the following amino acid is helpful in the synthesis of plastoquinone?(a) Valine(b) Isoleucine(c) Leucine(d) Tyrosine |
|
Answer» The correct choice is (d) Tyrosine The explanation: Plastoquinone is a branched chain unsaturated quinone, which helps in the electron transport chain of photosynthesis. P-hydroxyphenylpyruvate is synthesized from tyrosine which then converts finally to plastoquinone. |
|
| 2539. |
What is “narrow money” ? (a) The sum of currency in circulation and the demand deposits in banks (b) The sum of M, money and the time deposits (c) The sum of currency in circulation with the public and the cash reserves held by banks (d) The market value of the stocks held by all the holders excluding the promoters. |
|
Answer» (a) The sum of currency in circulation and the demand deposits in banks |
|
| 2540. |
How many micromoles of CO2 is fixed per milligram of chloroplast in an hour?(a) 2.5(b) 3(c) 3.5(d) 4 |
|
Answer» Correct answer is (c) 3.5 To explain I would say: For one milligram of chloroplast 3.5 micromoles of CO2 is fixed in an hour. This reaction is also known as the “dark reaction”. |
|
| 2541. |
Identify the following compound.(a) Ru5P(b) RuBP(c) R5P(d) Rpi |
|
Answer» Correct option is (b) RuBP Easy explanation: RuBP is ribulose 1, 5-bisphosphate, a 5 carbon compound. RuBP is involved in the carbon fixation. RuBP is regenerated from Ru5P by phosphorylation and it renters the cycle through HMP shunt. |
|
| 2542. |
Where is the malate stored in CAM plants?(a) Chloroplast(b) Mitochondria(c) Vacuoles(d) Endoplasmic reticulum |
|
Answer» The correct option is (c) Vacuoles The best explanation: The CO2 is converted to malate, a four carbon organic compound. This is stored in the vacuoles where it is later transported to the chloroplast for conversion of malate to CO2 for photosynthesis. |
|
| 2543. |
Which of the following is a facultative CAM plant?(a) Century plant(b) Corn(c) Maize(d) Common ice plant |
|
Answer» Correct option is (d) Common ice plant For explanation I would say: Common ice plant is an facultative CAM plant. It usually does not undergo CAM photosynthesis but it undergoes CAM photosynthesis when it is under stress condition, like shortage of water, CO2, etc. |
|
| 2544. |
What is the final product of the Calvin cycle?(a) Sedoheptulose(b) Erythrose(c) Glucose(d) Ribose |
|
Answer» Right option is (c) Glucose To elaborate: The Calvin cycle produces three carbon sugar molecules by taking 3 molecules of CO2 from the atmosphere. These three carbon sugars are later converted to six-carbon sugar called glucose. |
|
| 2545. |
Which enzyme is used to convert oxaloacetate to malate?(a) Malate dehydrogenase(b) Malate hydrolase(c) Malate carboxylase(d) Malate dehydratase |
|
Answer» Right choice is (a) Malate dehydrogenase Easy explanation: Oxaloacetate is converted to malate by the enzyme malate dehydrogenase. The oxaloacetate obtains an electron from NAD+ and converts it to a four carbon compound malate. |
|
| 2546. |
How many aquatic plant genera can undergo CAM photosynthesis?(a) 4(b) 5(c) 6(d) 7 |
|
Answer» Correct answer is (a) 4 To explain: The aquatic plants can also undergo CAM photosynthesis. There are about 4 genera of plants. They also follow the same pathway as the terrestrial CAM plants. |
|
| 2547. |
What is the gas exchange unit of the mammalian lungs? |
|
Answer» The gas exchange units of the mammalian lungs are the alveoli. |
|
| 2548. |
What is the physical process through which gas exchange is accomplished in the pulmonary alveoli? |
|
Answer» The gas exchange (entry of oxygen and exit of carbon dioxide) in the pulmonary alveoli occurs by simple diffusion in favor of the partial pressure gradient When the oxygen partial pressure in the inhaled air is higher than the oxygen partial pressure of the capillaries of the alveoli the air diffuses to the circulatory system. If the oxygen partial pressure in the air is lower (a rare situation since the blood that reaches the alveoli is venous blood) the oxygen exits the circulatory system. The same is true for carbon dioxide. |
|
| 2549. |
What are branchiae? What are examples of animals that “breath” through branchiae? |
|
Answer» Branchiae, also known as gills, are small portions of richly vascularized tissues internal or external to the body and in direct contact with the surrounding water. The gills are organs that make gas exchange in aquatic annelids, crustaceans, fishes and amphibian larvae (e.g., tadpoles). |
|
| 2550. |
Which of the following plants undergo CAM photosynthesis?(a) Cactus(b) Sugarcane(c) Corn(d) Wheat |
|
Answer» The correct choice is (a) Cactus For explanation: CAM is known as crassulacean acid metabolism. These CAM plants fix CO2 in the arid and hot climate regions. |
|