Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

Aective component of attitude is a result of family condition, childhood experiences etc…

Eysenck proposed a theory of personality based on biological factors, arguing that individuals inherit a type of nervous system that affects their ability to learn and adapt to the environment.

d) All of the above.

a) Stajkovic and Luthans

c) Observational

According to Herzberg, Recognition is a maintenance factor.

b. Job enrichment

Employees with relatively weak higher- order needs are less concerned with variety and autonomy. 

Bandura identied 5 basic human capabilities as a part of SCT.

Responsibility, Advancement etc are an example of Motivators.

Expectancy theory is a theory comes under Process theory.

Employees plan their actions is called as Forethought.

d) Content Theory

The higher order needs specified by Maslow is considered as Motivators as per Herzberg. 

Content Theory contains the theories which gives an Idea about what employees wants or needs. 

People process visual experiences into cognitive models. They help in future action is Symbolizing,

d) All of the above

b)  Behavior.

b) Cognitive approach

OB Helps to understand behaviour of human in work place only.

F.W.Taylor  is called as father of scientic management.

Fredrick W. Taylor is known as “the father of scientic management.”

Correct option is E) raise

Esteem need improves the condence level of an employee when satised.

d) All of these

Correct option is A) push

Correct option is (b) pull

It is the entrepreneur who takes the first move towards setting up an enterprise. It is called taking initiative

The correct option is (b) Product.

In order to make sense of the external environment we use a framework known as PESTLE. This is by far the easiest and one of the most popular frameworks with which to examine the external environment. PESTLE stands for the Political, Economic, Socio-cultural, Technological, Legal, and Ecological environments.

1. and

2. because

3. however

4. which

Short term finance refers to those loans which are procured by a commercial organisation for meeting its short-term financial requirements for a period of one year, or less. It is utilised for daily expenses or current assets such as wages to labour, salaries, purchase of raw material, Godown rent etc. 

Following are sources of short term finance:

1. Secured loans. 

2. Bank overdraft. 

3. Unsecured loans 

4. Trade loans.

Food insecurity – often rooted in poverty – decreases the ability of countries to develop their agricultural markets and economies. Access to quality, nutritious food is fundamental to human existence. Secure access to food can produce wide ranging positive impacts, including: Economic growth and job creation.

Elton Mayo is recognised as father of “Human relations”

In order to successfully operate an enterprise there requires five “M”. 

(i) Men 

(ii) Materials 

(iii) Machine 

(iv) Money 

(v) Market 

(i) Men or Labour:- Without men we can not imagine of an enterprise. In all the recourses of production the ingredient of labour is the most mobilising element that stimulates all others factors and turns even the most useless things into a useful one. For the successful operation of an enterprise both kinds of skilled and unskilled labour force are required. 

(ii) Raw-Materials:- If the enterprise is production oriented a prior arrangement should be comphasised with regards to availability type, cost/price and a regular supply of the raw materials. 

(iii) Machine:- Whatever be the scale of the enterprise whether big or small, machines are required in either case. Prior to the establishment the machinery and the others equipment should be purchased and installed as well. 

(iv) Money:- Money/capital is the life blood of an enterprises without which the establishment is an inconceivable presumption. The capital in long and short term and its amount and the capital resources are the pre-emptive requirement. 

(v) Market:- In accordance with the presumed estimate the production is to be ensured under production or over production both can incur losses. According to the demand of market, entrepreneur supplies product in the market.

By means of judicious planning every manager, executive tries to enforce his control to the best of his control to the best of his capacity over his subordinates in terms of their performance. In order to make the planning effective the meaningful the performance of the subordinates can be adequately measured. Not only this even budget is an organ of planning and also a tool of control. Moreover, also strengthens administrative control.

Any two personal barriers to entrepreneurship: 

(a) Motivational Barrier: The entrepreneurs who lack toughness and perseverance often quit. 

(b) Perception Barrier: Lack of clear vision and misunderstanding can lead to disappointment. (c) Lack of Interpersonal skills

1. Skilled work force challenges 

2. Market Entry Regulations 

3. Shortage of Capital 

4. Aversion to risk

Finding suitable people and training them to put in their best for the business is a tedious and difficult exercise. As an entrepreneur, one must find people, who think and feel like the rest of the team.

We should have some knowledge about barriers to entrepreneurship because of the following reasons: 

(a) An understanding of the barriers will help prospective entrepreneurs to develop a strategy to overcome them. 

(b) A systematic study of the barriers will lead to a proper understanding of the fields or areas in which they occur. 

(c) Once the barriers are clearly identified, the society, government and other supporting agencies can develop effective programs to tackle the issues to create a conducive entrepreneurial climate. 

(d) An insight into the barriers will lead to insight into the entrepreneur’s personality that is so essential in the process of entrepreneurship.

Individuals, who focus on developing solutions that benefit the society, are called social entrepreneurs. They develop, fund and implement solutions that are directed towards society, culture and environment.

Areas for green jobs in building and construction include landscape, gardening, maintenance of green components, water management developing new green building, rating programmes, certification services

Each and every trade quite after has to observe the government rules and regulations. These regulations vary according to the size of the enterprise or on the basis of the ownership. For instance, a sole trader or an enterprise of partnership is meant for a small scale business which does not fall much under government regulations whereas in large scale business enterprise there are legal complications and in this case function is subjected to legal formalities within the purview of government regulations.

(a) Unity of Direction: According to this principle, each unit of the organisation should work towards a common objective. According to it, units having same goals should have a single head and plan. This principle helps in eliminating the overlapping of work. For example, if an organisation is engaged in the manufacturing of two products, then each should have its own separate department and divisions with their respective heads and plans.

(b) Equity: This principle focuses on treating each employee fairly equally. That is, it states that each employee should be equal in the eyes of the manager. Although this principle calls for kindliness in the behaviour of the manager, however sometimes force can also be used to set an example for other employees. In addition, the workers should be regarded as equal grounds of religion, language, caste, etc. This helps in building an amiable environment. For example- if workers from different religions or nationalities are working in the same organisation then no discrimination should be done against any.

(c) Espirit de Corps: This principle recommends that employees should work in unity with each other. They should work as a team. In other words, team spirit should be promoted by the manager. Each employee should have a sense of belongingness. This proves useful especially in large organisations where without team work, achievement of objectives would become difficult. Team sprit increases coordination and mutual understanding among the employees and thereby improves efficiency.

(d) Order: Orderliness principle focuses on right arrangement of things. Everything and everyone should be at their respective places, in short ‘right people at right place and at right time’. This helps in carrying out the tasks smoothly. For example, if files are kept in a certain order then this will help in locating the file easily when required. Violation of this principle leads to chaos and delay in work.

(e) Centralisation and Decentralisation: Centralisation refers to the consolidation of power and authority to one or only few hands. Here, the decision making power gets reserved to the centre point of an organisation. On the other hand, decentralisation refers to the delegation of authority to more than one level. According to Fayol, the involvement of the employees with the higher authority should be balanced by decentralising the authority to the managers. For example, if the CEO of a company is responsible for decision making for the entire organisation then, this is centralisation of power. On the other hand, if the decision making power is delegated to managers at the middle and lower level then, this will be called decentralisation.

(f) Initiative– According to this principle, workers should be given enough motivation and incentive to work. They should be inspired to come up with suggestions for regarding the work. Although initiatives should be encouraged, but they should be in line with the practices and rules of the organisation. For example, the managers can ask the workers for their inputs over how to increase efficiency. Also, good suggestions can be rewarded.

Barriers to entrepreneurship stifle Innovative. 

Role of social environment and Role of economic environment is an element of development of entrepreneurship.

i) Self-doubt comes when we do not have confidence in ourselves and our abilities 

ii) Forming a team /team work -Finding suitable people and training them to put in their best.

Push factors are characterised by personal or external factors (including a marriage break-up, or being passed over for promotion), and often have negative connotations. Alternatively, pull factors are those that draw people to start businesses .

New economic policy was declared in July 2001. 

The future of entrepreneurial in India is Bright.