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We see hundreds of stars in the pretty sky

In the early morning, the moisture in the air, settles on the leaves or plants in the form of water drop known as ‘dewdrops’. As this happens before the sun rises, it seems as if the dewdrops are greeting the dawn.

सामान्य अवस्था में फेफड़ों में लगभग 2.5 लीटर वायु सदैव भरी होती है। फेफड़ों में प्र:श्वसन की अधिकतम अवस्था में लगभग 6 लीटर तक वायु भरी हो सकती है। यह फेफड़ों की कुल सामर्थ्य कहलाती है।

फेफड़े चारों ओर से फुफ्फुसीय आवरण नामक झिल्ली में सुरक्षित रहते हैं।

सही विकल्प है (घ) ऑक्सीजन

सही विकल्प है (ग) फेफड़ों में

हृदय से फुफ्फुस धमनी के माध्यम से अशुद्ध रक्त शुद्धिकरण के लिए फेफड़ों में आता है।

सही विकल्प है (घ) छोटी आँत में

(a) By providing proper housing, cleanliness, sanitation and healthy diet. 

(b) Proper vaccination against various infectious diseases.

This statement is correct. The rotation (daily food requirement) for broilers is protein rich with adequate fat. The level of vitamins A and K is kept high in the poultry feeds.

Poultry in India is the most efficient converter of low fibre food stuff into highly nutritious animal protein food. In poultry farming, domestic fowls are raised to produce eggs and chicken. For this, the fowls are given animal feeds in the form of roughage, which mainly consists of fibres. Thus, by feeding animals a fibre rich diet, the poultry gives highly nutritious food in the form of eggs and chicken.

Cattle farming is commonly used for improving cattle breeds. The purpose of cattle farming is to increase the production of milk and draught labour for agricultural work. Dairy animals (females) are used for obtaining milk and draught animals (males) are engaged in agricultural fields for labour work such as carting, irrigation, tilling, etc. Cross breeding between two good varieties of cattle will produce a new improved variety. For example, the cross between foreign breeds such as Jersey Brown, Swiss (having long lactation periods) and Indian breeds such as Red Sindhi, Sahiwal (having excellent resistance power against diseases) produces a new variety having qualities of both breeds.

(b) the individual knows how to protect his own interests.

Wrong. Tropic of Cancer passes through the middle of India.

Wrong. The longitudinal extent of Brazil is more than India.

Correct option: (a) Chile – Ecuador

Correct option: (c) Indira Point

Correct option: (b) Republic

Uruguay is situated to the south of Brazil.

The following are the main features of patriarchal theory: 

1. In ancient times, the unit of society was a family. 

2. Base of family was stable marriage relations. 

3. The head of the family was the eldest male. 

4. Hierarchy was carried by males. A female did not have any right of succession. 

5. In patriarchal family, absolute and unlimited rights of the family head were the original source of political governance. 

6. Clans formed from patriarchal families, tribes from clans and then the state was founded by tribes. 

7. Blood relation was the main factor for the unity of family members. 

8. The powers of the head in the family were absolute. 

9. The basis of the development of a state was patriarchal system (father dominated system).

India is located in Asia continent.

Northern and eastern hemispheres.

Patriarchal system could not be assumed to be prevalent in the entire world.

As per matriarchal theory, mother is the head of the family

Correct option: (a) Brazil

(i) Brazil ranks first in the world in the terms of production of coffee. 

(ii) It produces nearly 40% of the total coffee production in the world. 

(iii) It is the largest exporter of coffee. Therefore, Brazil is called the ‘coffee pot of the world’

Brazil is the country is known as the ‘coffee pot’ of the world.

(b)  Henriman

(b)  Henriman

In the Shanti Parvas of Mahabharata, there is description of divine principle in respect to origin of state.

When the writer saw at George’s wrathful face, he guessed that George was envious of the richness of his brother. He was reminded of the story of ‘The Ant and the Grasshopper’. So, he burst into laughter.

‘grow’ The pronoun, ‘it’ implies that the poet is talking about a tree. The line Till it bore an apple bright;’ supports this answer.

• Patriarchal system is not found everywhere 
• It is too simplistic.

Main supporters of matriarchal principle are McLinnen, Morgan and Jacques etc.

• Male was the head of a family 
• The basis of a family was permanent marriage relations.

The basic premise of the principle of force of the origin of the state is that the main reason behind the origin of the state is force. In every state, the powerful persons rule over the weak persons. The history is the testimony and also at present the existence of the states is dependent on force or is force – centric. 

Different thinkers have made use of the principle of force in the following ways:

1. In medieval period, the use of this principle was done by the religious leaders to belittle the state and also brand the church as the best institution. 

2. Individualist used this in order to prevent the intervention of the government in their individual freedom. 

3. Fascists and Nazis also supported and used this principle. 

4. Anarchists and socialistic thinkers also used this principle comprehensively for the freedom of an individual.

Importance of the principle of force in the context of the state of today: 

According to the ‘principle of force’ of the origin of the state, the fundamental basis of the origin of the state is power (force). In the beginning, the use of force was done by the powerful to suppress the weak. The use of force gave rise to an organization, and gradually, the state of political organization developed. In the context of the state in present scenario, the principle of force is very important. 

This is made clear with the help of the following points:

1. This principle described in detail the contribution of the force in the development of the state. 

2. This principle presented the extensive form of force before us. 

3. This principle explained holistically the different forms of economic, military and political power.

Importance of patriarchal and matriarchal theories: 

Despite many criticisms of patriarchal and matriarchal theories (principles), these have their own importance. 

This importance can be presented with the help of the following points:

1. Importance of blood – relation: 

Both these principles – patriarchal and matiarchal explain in a proper way the contribution of blood relation in the development of the state. The evolutionary principle of the origin of the state also accepts that there has been a big importance and contribution of blood-relation in the development of the state. The family was the main unit of cohesion in the society. 

2. Development of the spirit of obedience and discipline: 

Because of patriarchal and matriarchal theories, the importance of spirit of obedience and discipline was established in the state.

George Ramsay was unhappy while taking lunch alone in a restaurant because Tom had suddenly become far richer than he. To him it seemed unfair.

1. The speaker waters his suppressed anger with fears and tears. 

2. He ‘suns’ it with smiles and deceitful wiles. 

3. The tree grows both day and night, and bears a bright apple. 

4. When the foe eats the apple, he dies. 

Paragraph: 

The speaker does not tell his friend that he is angry with him. As a result, his anger grows. His growing anger is traced through the growth of a tree. Just as a tree is watered and provided with sunlight for its growth so does the speaker nurture his anger with fears, tears, fake smiles and wicked tricks. The tree of anger bears an apple that shines bright like the apple in the garden of Eden. It attracts the friend and he steals it by night when the speaker was not looking. The result, the apple from the poisonous tree killed the friend. The speaker too dies spiritually for allowing anger to grow and for rejoicing in the death of his friend.

When the speaker suppressed his anger, it only grew.

(b)  James-I

All of the above.

Dependence of people on agriculture helps in good growth and development of economy. As the economy of country develops, dependence on agriculture automatically decreases.

According to 2013-14, balance of trade was surplus by 25 billion dollar.

Correct answer is Thailand

More than two-third.

The main provisions of the food security act is to provide 5 kg of grains per kg per month to 75% rural population and to 25% urban population.

Textile industry, sugar industry, jute industry.

It was 51 million ton in 1950-51, which was 264 million ton in 2013-14.