Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

Seed leaf within the seed is called Cotyledon

The buds present at the axils of the leaves are called auxiliary bud

The correct answer is Pottikkalu..

Finger millet has only one cotyledon. So it is a Monocot Plant.

Prominent lines that appear on the leaf are called Veins

Potato/ ginger is an example of the tuberous stem.

Millet has only one cotyledon in a seed. So, millet is a monocot.

• Yes. I get the impression of leaf.
• Yes. I get the impression of leaf.

• Leaves play an important role in the life of plant, they are 
• In some plants, the roots change their shape and modified to store the food materials. 
• The roots of radish, carrot, beet root modified to store the starch. 
• Aerial roots grow above the ground, typically providing support to the plant. Ex: Banyan tree, sugarcane, Maize etc.
• In mangroves the aerial roots helpful in respiration.

The correct answer is D) All of these

Aerial roots are helpful for the respiration in C) Mangroves

B) Auxiliary bud

The correct answer is B) Aerial roots

D) All the above

In ancient days, sulphuric acid, H₂SO₄ was called, oil of vitriol.

The dimensional formula of moment of inertia is ML².

The unit of moment of inertia is kgm² .

Rate of change of angular velocity of a body is called the angular acceleration.

Correct option is c. sp²

True

One atomic mass unit is a mass unit which is equal to the mass of exactly one-twelfth
(1/12th) of the mass of one atom of carbon-12 isotope.

Hence, the above statement is true.

Correct option is a. CH₃Cl

Correct option is a. NO^-

Protons are positively charged particle found in the atoms of all the elements. 

Relative mass of proton is 1u. 

Relative charge of proton is +1 C.

False

According to the postulates of Dalton’s atomic theory atoms of different elements
combine in fixed ratios by mass to form compounds. So, in chemical substance, the
elements are always present in fixed proportions by mass.

Hence, the above statement is false.

Correct option is a. sp³

Octet Rule : 

1. The atoms of elements tend to undergo chemical changes that help to leave their atoms with eight outer – shell electrons.

2. Magnesium atom looses 2 electrons and get 8 electrons in its outermost shell as Neon. So that it gets stability.

The main achievements of Bohr's theory of atom are: 

1. It can explain the stability of atom. 

2. It successfully explains the line spectrum of hydrogen. 

3. It explains the line 'spectra of single electron ions like He⁺ and Li²⁺ .

False

The relative atomic masses of all elements have been found with respect to the mass of
exactly one-twelfth (1/12th) of the mass of one atom of carbon-12 isotope.

Hence, the above statement is false.

Correct option is c. 4.91 x 10^-7 m

No two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers.

E = \(\frac{hc}{\lambda}\)

= \(\frac{6.626\times10^{-34}Js\times3\times10^8m^{-1}}{400\times10^{-9}}\)

= 4.969 × 10⁻¹⁹J

Power of the bulb = 100watt = 100Js⁻¹

Number of Photons emitted

= \(\frac{100\,Js^{-1}}{4.969\times10^{-19}J}\)

= 2.012 × 10²⁰ Photons.

False

According to the postulates of Dalton’s atomic theory the relative number and kinds of
atoms are fixed in a given compound.

Hence, the above statement is false.

True

The combining capacity of an atom is called its valency. Thus, atoms of each element
have a definite combining capacity which is determined by its valency.

Hence, the above statement is true.

Isotopes are atoms of the same element with same atomic number but different mass number.

Correct option is c. 1 x 10²¹

False

Each isotope of an element is a pure substance.

Hence, the above statement is false.

Answer is Deuterium

Radiation is the emission and transmission of energy through space in the form of waves.

Maas number of an element is the number of proton and neutron present in the nucleus of an atom.

Atomic number is defined as the number of protons presents in the nucleus of an atom or the number of electron present in a neutral atom of an element.

t = v₁ +3. hence x = t² - 6t + 9

and v = dx/dt =2t -6.

For v = 0, t = 3 seconds.

Putting the value of t in the equation of x, we have 

The displacement, x =t² -6t +9

= (3)² - 6 x 3 + 9 = 0.

t = \(\sqrt x\) + 3

or  \(\sqrt x\) = t - 3  ...(i)

Squaring on both sides of equations (i),

x = ( t – 3)² …(ii)

If v be the velocity of the particle,

Then  \(v=\frac{dx}{dt}\)

= \(\frac{d}{dt}(t^2 - 6t+9)\)

= 2t - 6

when  v = 0, 2t - 6 = 0

or   t = 3 sec.  ...(iii)

∴ From equations (ii) and (iii),

x = 3² + 9 - 6 x 3

= 18 - 18

x = 0

\(t=\sqrt{x}+3\)

or \(\sqrt{x}\) = t - 3  ...(i)

Squaring on both sides of equations (i),

= ( t – 3)² …(ii)

If v be the velocity of the particle,

Then  \(v=\frac{dx}{dt}\)

= \(\frac{d}{dt}(t^2-6t+9)\)

= 2t - 6

when  v = 0, 2t - 6 = 0

or   t = 3 sec.  ...(iii)

∴ From equations (ii) and (iii),

x = 3² + 9 - 6 x 3

= 18 - 18

x = 0

Yes, projectile motion.

(i) Process of DNA Replication 

• DNA replication begins at a unique and fixed point called origin of replication or ‘ori’.Initiation 

▪ The complementary strands of DNA double helix are separated by two enzymes, DNA gyrase and DNA helicase. This is called unwinding of double-stranded DNA. 

▪ The separated strands tend to rewind, therefore these are stabilised by proteins called single strand binding proteins (ssBPs), which bind to the separated strands. 

▪ Unwinding of double-stranded DNA forms a Y-shaped configuration in the DNA duplex, which is called replication fork. Elongation 

▪ An enzyme called primase initiates replication of the strand oriented in the 3′ (towards origin)→5′ (towards fork) direction. This generates 10–60 nucleotides long primer RNA (replicated in 5′→3′ direction). 

▪ The free 3′–OH of this RNA primer provides the initiation point for DNA polymerase for sequential addition of deoxyribonucleotides. 

▪ DNA polymerase progressively adds deoxyribonucleotides to the free 3′-end of the growing polynucleotide chain so that replication of the 3′→5′ strand of the DNA molecule is continuous (growth of the new strand in 5′→3′ direction). 

▪ The replication of 3′→5′ strand is continuous and it is called leading strand, while the replication of second strand (5′→3′ strand) of the DNA molecules is discontinuous and it is known as the lagging strand. 

▪ The replication of lagging strand generates small polynucleotide fragments called ‘Okazaki fragments’ (after R. Okazaki, who first identified them).

▪ These Okazaki fragments are then joined together by enzyme called DNA ligase.

(ii)  A translational unit in mRNA from 5' → 3' comprises of a start codon, region coding for a polypeptide, a stop codon and untranslated regions (UTRs). UTRs are present at both 5'-end and 3'-end of mRNA.

(i) In DNA, presence of thymine at the place of uracil confers more stability to DNA. In RNA, the −OH group is a reactive group that makes RNA labile and degradable, while its absence in DNA makes DNA chemically less reactive and more stable.

(ii) Unambiguous: One codon specifies only one particular amino acid hence it is called unambiguous. 

Degenerate: Some amino acids are coded by more than one codons hence the code is said to be degenerate. 

Universal: A particular codon coding for an amino acid is same in all organisms except in mitochondria and protozoa.

DNA is a better genetic material for the following reasons:

(i) The genetic material should be stable and should not change with age or change in physiology; this stability is given to DNA by its 

(b) Double stranded nature, 

(c) Presence of thymine. 

(ii) Because the 2'- OH group of RNA nucleotid3es is a reactive group that makes RNA labile and easily degradable .

(iii) RNA (23S RNA) is also catalytic, i.e., it is reactive.

The reasons in support are: 

i. Processes like metabolism, translation and splicing evolved around RNA. 

ii. RNA is reactive and catalyses reactions. 

iii. In some viruses, RNA is the hereditary material. 

iv. RNA is unstable and can be easily mutated leading to evolution. (Any three)