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This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 51. |
Some of the characteristics of Bt-cotton are :A. high yield and resistance to Boll wormsB. long fibres and resistance to aphidsC. medium yeild, long fibres and resistance to beetle pestsD. high yield and production of toxic protein crystals which kill dipteran pests |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 52. |
Triticale is the hybrid between wheat andA. MaizeB. BarleyC. RyeD. Bean |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 53. |
Paresexual hybridization meansA. Fusion of male gamete with female gameteB. Fusion of male gamete with synergid nucleusC. Fusion of somatic protoplastsD. Fusion of male gamete with protoplasts |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Parasexual hybridization means fusion of somatic protoplast.It is found in fungus. |
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| 54. |
Some of the characteristic of Bt cotton areA. High yield and resistance to bollwormsB. Long fibre and resistance to aphidsC. Medium yield, long fibre and resistance to beetle pestsD. High yield and production of toxic protein crystals which kill dipteran pests |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 55. |
Nucleic acid segment which is used to find the position of a gene and it forms a hybrid with this gene would beA. RetrovirusB. ProbeC. VectorD. Clone |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Probes are DNA or RNA strands with specific nucleotide sequences complementary to VNTR (Variable Number Tendem Repeats ) sequences which are used to find the position of a gene and it form a hybrid with this gene. |
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| 56. |
Plants in comparison to animals are more rapidly manipulated by genetic engineering.Select out the most probable reason for thisA. Totipotency shown by plant cellsB. Single somatic cells can regenerate a whole plant bodyC. Genetic engineering is supplemented with plant tissue culture techniquesD. All of the above |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 57. |
Two bacteria found to be very useful in genetic engineering experiment areA. Nitrosomonas and KlebsiellaB. Escherichia and AgrobacteriumC. Nitrobacter and AzotobacterD. Rhizobium and Diplococcus |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Till today, the most important in genetic engineering of plants has been the Ti and plasmid of soil bacterium.Agrobacterium tumefaciens. E.Coli has been extensively used as "Work horse" for genetic engineering e.g., production of humulin, somatotropin. |
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| 58. |
Genetic engineering is possible becauseA. The phenomenon of transduction in bacteria is well understoodB. We can see DNA by electron microscopeC. We can cut DNA at specific sites by endonucleases like DNAase-ID. Restriction endonucleases purified from bacteria can be used in vitro |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Genetic engineering is the manipulation of genetic material of an organism using enzyme restriction endonuclease.Nathens and Smith (1970) isolated the first restriction endonuclease.Jackson, symons and Paul Berg (1972) successfully generated recombinant DNA molecules in vitro. |
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| 59. |
Widely used tool in genetic engineering of crop plants involvesA. Protoplast fusionB. Agrobacterium mediationC. Transposon mediationD. Microinjection |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 60. |
Genetic engineering is possible becauseA. PrimaseB. TranscriptaseC. DNA ligaseD. Restriction endonuclease |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Isolation of restriction endonucleases by Nathans and Smith (1970) made it possible to cut DNA at specific sites. |
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| 61. |
Assertion : Haploids can be artificially produced. Reason:Morphologically they are similar to diploids.A. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.C. If assertion is true but reason is false.D. If the assertion and reason both are false. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Haploids can be artificially produced by any one of the following methods. (i)X-ray treatment, (ii)delayed pollination, (iii)temperature shocks, (iv)colchicine treatment, (v)distant hybridzation , (vi)anther or pollen culture. Haploids are characterised morphologically by a reduction in size to all vegetative and floral parts. |
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| 62. |
Millione of chickens were killed in West Bengal, Assam, Orissa and Maharashtra. What was the reason ? |
| Answer» Because these were infected by birds flue disease which can cause infection to other birds. The eggs and chikens of disesed birds are not good for human consumption. | |
| 63. |
The agriculture sector of India employs aboutA. 60 per cent of the populationB. 70 per cent of the populationC. 30 per cent of the populationD. 62 per cent of the population |
| Answer» Correct Answer - d | |
| 64. |
In maize, hybrid vigour is exploited by:A. Crossing of two hybrid parental linesB. Harvesting seeds from the productive plantsC. Inducing mutationsD. Bombarding the seeds with DNA |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 65. |
In maize, hybrid vigour is exploited by:A. Harvesting seeds from the most productive plantsB. Inducing mutationsC. Bombarding the protoplast with DNAD. Crossing of two inbreed parental lines |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 66. |
The process in which mature differentiated cells reverse to meristematic activity to form callus is calledA. DedifferentiationB. DifferentiationC. Cyto-differentiationD. Redifferentiation |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Dedifferentiation is a phenomenon of reversion of differentiated cells or nuclei to non-differentiated (often meristematic ) cells or nuclei. |
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| 67. |
Hybrids are produced by crossing inbreds in which of the following ?A. MaizeB. PoultryC. SwineD. All of these |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 68. |
What are somatic hybrids ? How are these produced ? Also mention their common uses. |
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Answer» Somatic hybrids are hybrids produced by the fusion of somatic cells of two varieties or species. They are produced by somatic hybridisation. During this process, the cell walls of plant cells are removed by digestion with a combination of pectinase and celluase. The naked protoplasts of desired parents are incluced to fuse by using a solution of pectinase and cellulase. The naked protoplasts of desired parents are induced to fuse by using a solution of polythylene glycol (PEG) and a very brief high voltage electric current. Such protoplasts, when transferred to suitable culture medium, develop cell walls and begin to divide. These somatic hybrids are used for transfer, transfer of cytoplasm and production of use ful allopolyploids. |
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| 69. |
Define the term-(a) somatic embryo and (b) somatic hybrids. |
| Answer» (a) Somatic embryos are the embryos that develop from somatic cells of callus culture. They germinate to produce complete plantlets. (b) A hybrid produced by fusion of two somatic cells belonging to different varieties or species is called somatic hybrid. | |
| 70. |
All hybrids of poultry and swine are produced by . . . . . . . . . . . . inbred stocks. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - crossing | |
| 71. |
Somatic hybrids are produced byA. Protoplast fusionB. Tissue cultureC. Pollen cultureD. Hybridoma process |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Protoplast technology refers to protoplast fusion or somatic hybridization.The two protoplast are fused by PEG (Polyethylene glycol) and thus somatic hybrid are obtained. |
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| 72. |
Assertion : In case of vegetatively propagated crops, pure line selection is not requried. Reason : Hybrid vigour is mostly used in vegetatively propagated plants.A. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertionB. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertionC. If the assertion is true but reason is falseD. If both assertion and reason are false |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 73. |
Assertion:In case of vegetatively propagated crops, pure line selection is not required. Reason:Hybrid vigour is mostly used in vegetatively propagated plants.A. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.C. If assertion is true but reason is false.D. If the assertion and reason both are false. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B In case of vegetatively propagated crops, pure line selection is not required.Pure-line selection is useful only for sexually reproducing plants.Hybrid vigour is most profitably used in vegetatively propagated crops because they do not involve sexual reproduction and hence loss of hybrid superiority. |
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| 74. |
Hybrid vigour is best maintained in vegetatively reproducing plants because they areA. Resistance to diseasesB. Easily propagatedC. With long life spanD. Little liable to lose vigour due to absence of sexual reproduction |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Hybrid vigour is best maintained in vegetatively re-producing plants because they are little liable to lose vigour due to absence of sexual reproduction. |
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| 75. |
Name the blank spaces a,b,c and d from the table given below `{:("Name of crop","Hybrid variety","Resistance to diseases/pests"),("a","Himgiri","Leaf and stripe rust, hill bunt"),("Mustard","b","Aphids"),("Cowpea","Pusa komal","c"),("Chilli","Pusa Sadabahar","d"):}` |
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Answer» a = Wheat b = Pusa Gaurav c = Bacterial blight d = Chilli mosaic virus, Tobacco mosaic virus and leaf curl. |
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| 76. |
Name any five hybrid varieties of crop plants which have been developed in India. |
| Answer» `{:("Rice varieties",-,"Jaya and Ratna"),("Wheat varieties",-,"Himgiri"),("Brassica varieties",-,"Pusa swarnim (Karan rai)"),("Cauliflower varieties",-,"Pusa Shubhra and Pusa Snowball K-1"):}` | |
| 77. |
The reason for vegetatively reproducing crop plants for maintaining hybrid vigour is thatA. They can be easily propagatedB. They have a longer life spanC. They are more resistant to diseasesD. Once a desire hybrid is produced no changes of losing it |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Vegetative reproduction does not involve meiosis, hence no recombination and no loss of heterozygosity. |
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| 78. |
In an agricultural field there is a prevalance of the following organisms and crop diseases which are affecting the crop yield badly: a) White rust b) Leaf and strips rust dc) Black rot d) Jassids Recommend the varieties of crops the farmers should grow to get rid of te existing problem and thus improve the crop yeild |
| Answer» (a) Wheat rust - Pusa Swarnim variety of Brassica. (b) Leaf and stripe rust -Himgiri variety of wheat (c ) Blank rot-Pusa Shoubhra and Pusa snowball K-1 varieties of cauliflower (d) Jassids -Pusa Sem -3 or Pusa Sem varieties of flat beans. | |
| 79. |
Find out the various components of the medium used for propagation of an explants in vitro are ? |
| Answer» The major components of medium used for propagation of explants in vitro are carbon sources such as sucrose, inorganic salts, vitamins, amino acids, water, agar-agar, and certain growth hormones such as auxins and gibberellins. | |
| 80. |
Any part of a plant taken out and grown in a test tube, under sterile conditions in a special nutrient media that plant part is called |
| Answer» Correct Answer - explant | |
| 81. |
How can healthy potato plants to be obtained from a desired potato variety which is viral infected? Explain. |
| Answer» Remove meristem and grow in in vitro/sterile and special nutrient/culture medium. | |
| 82. |
Two plants growing in different seasons and different geographical area, can produce hybrid byA. Pollen cultureB. Tissue cultureC. Somatic embryogenesisD. Invitro synthesis |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 83. |
Crosses involving plants of the same varieities areA. intraverietalB. interspecificC. intervarietalD. intra-generic |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Crosses involving plants of the same varieties are intraverietal. |
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| 84. |
The method of producing large number of plants in very short duration using plant explants by tissue culture is called |
| Answer» Correct Answer - micropropagation | |
| 85. |
Hybrid of potato and tomato isA. TomapoB. PomatoC. PotamatoD. none of the above |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Hybrid of potato and tomato is pomato |
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| 86. |
Plant produced by micropropagation will be genetically identical to the original plant from which they were grown, they are called |
| Answer» Correct Answer - Somaclones | |
| 87. |
The enzymes required to obtain wall-free or naked protoplasts areA. Cellulase and proteinaseB. Cellulase and pectinaseC. cellulase and amylaseD. amylase and pectinase |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B The enzyme required to obtain wall -free or naked protoplasts are cellulase and pectinase. |
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| 88. |
Isolated protoplasts from two different varieties of plants , can be fused to get hybrid protoplast. These hybrids are called |
| Answer» Correct Answer - Somatic hybrids | |
| 89. |
In protoplast fusion, the enzymes required areA. Cellulase, hemicellulase, pectinaseB. PectinaseC. Ligase, hemicellulaseD. Hemicellulase |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 90. |
Assertion : A major advantage of tissue culture is protoplast fusion. Reason : A hybrid is formed by the fusion of naked protoplasts of two plant.A. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertionB. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertionC. If the assertion is true but reason is falseD. If both assertion and reason are false |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 91. |
Pick up the wrong statement.A. Pectinase and cellulase dissolve cell wallB. Some cyanobacteria form symbiotic association with fern AzollaC. Regeneration of cell wall in somatic hybridization is induced by PEGD. Plants obtained through pollen culture are always haploid. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 92. |
Name the improved characteristics of wheat that helped india to achieve green revolution . |
| Answer» Improved varieties were high yielding, manure responsive and disease resistant. These helped increase the production of wheat. | |
| 93. |
Semidwarf rice variety IR-8 was developed inA. TaiwanB. PhillipinesC. IndiaD. China |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 94. |
A change in the chromosome number is calledA. Chromosomal mutationB. Gene mutationC. Somatic mutationD. Polyploidy |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 95. |
Selection is the method ofA. Plant physiologyB. Plant breedingC. GeneticsD. Cytology |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 96. |
Selection of homozygous plant isA. Mass selectionB. Pure line selectionC. Mixed selectionD. None of the above |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 97. |
In which crops is the method of mass selection appliedA. Cross-pollinatedB. Self-pollinatedC. Both self and cross-pollinatedD. Potato and sugarcane |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 98. |
Which of the following are the species that are crossed to give sugarcane varieties with high sugar, high yeild, thick stems and ability to grow in the sugarcane belt of North India ?A. Saccharum robustum and Saccharum officinarumB. Saccharum barberi and Saccharum officinarumC. Saccharum sinense and Saccharum officinarumD. Saccharum barberi and Saccharum robustum |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Saccharum barberi was originally grown in North india but has poor sugar content and yield. However, Saccharum officinarum had higher sugar content and thicker stems but did not grow in North India. These two species were crossed to have sugarcane varieties combining the desirable qualities of high sugar, high yield, thick stems and ability to grow in the sugarcane belt of North India. |
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| 99. |
Which of the following statements is not correct plant breeding ?A. It reduce the dependence on fungicides and bactericides.B. It provides somaclonal variation.C. It is independent of germplasm collection.D. It involves self-pollination of plants |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Germplasm collection is the first important step in breeding a new genetic variety of crop. |
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| 100. |
Turnip mosaic disease is caused byA. bacteriaB. virusesC. nematodesD. fungi |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Turnip mosaic disease is caused by turnip mosaic virus. |
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