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Total pressure on the VERTICAL FACE of a retaining wall of HEIGHT ‘h’ per unit run exerted by the RETAINED earth WEIGHING ‘w’ per unit volume, is

A. wh [(1 - sin φ)/(1 + sin φ)]

B. wh² [(1 - sin φ)/(1 + sin φ)]

C. wh² [(1 - sin φ)/2(1 + sin φ)]

D. wh² [(1 - sin φ)/3(1 + sin φ)]

Answer: Option C

Hybridization was FIRST of all practically utilized in crop IMPROVEMENT by German botanist JOSEPH Koerauter in 1760. Mendel onward, the hybridization had BECOME the key method of crop improvement.

the solar system was formed when a cloud of gas and dust in space was disturbed, maybe by the EXPLOSION of a nearby star (called a supernova). This explosion made waves in space which squeezed the cloud of gas and dust. Squeezing made the cloud start to collapse, as gravity pulled the gas and dust together, forming a solar nebula. Just like a dancer that spins faster as she pulls in her arms, the cloud began to spin as it collapsed. Eventually, the cloud grew hotter and denser in the center, with a disk of gas and dust surrounding it that was hot in the center but cool at the edges. As the disk got thinner and thinner, particles began to stick together and form clumps. Some clumps got bigger, as particles and small clumps stuck to them, eventually forming planets or moons . NEAR the center of the cloud, where planets like Earth formed, only rocky material could stand the great heat. Icy matter settled in the outer regions of the disk along with rocky material, where the giant planets like JUPITER formed. As the cloud continued to fall in, the center eventually got so hot that it became a star, the Sun, and blew most of the gas and dust of the new solar system with a strong stellar WIND. By studying meteorites, which are thought to be left over from this early phase of the solar system, SCIENTISTS have found that the solar system is about 4600 million years old!

Because of PRESENCE HARMFUL GASES

Prestressing systems have developed over the years and various companies have
patented their products. DETAILED information of the systems is GIVEN in the product
catalogues and brochures published by companies. There are general GUIDELINES of
prestressing in Section 12 of IS 1343: 1980. The information given in this section is
introductory in nature, with EMPHASIS on the basic concepts of the systems.
The prestressing systems and devices are described for the two types of prestressing,
pre-tensioning and post-tensioning, separately. This section covers post-tensioning.
Section 1.3, “Pre-tensioning Systems and Devices”, covers pre-tensioning. In post-
tensioning, the tension is applied to the tendons after hardening of the concrete. The
stages of post-tensioning are described next.

Work = Force × displacement
Force= mv^2/r
Displacement is the SHORTEST DISTANCE between FINAL and initial point
Shortest distance between the points in HALF circumference is The diameter of circle= 2r
Work=2mv^2

Hola User________________

Here is Your ANSWER..!!!!
________________________

⭐Actually welcome to the concept of the ROTATIONAL DYNAMICS...

⭐Basically here the radius of GYRATION is given by .

⭐I = MK^2 ..

⭐THUS here

⭐I = moment of inertia
⭐M = mass of the body

⭐K = radius of gyration ..

⭐thus here L = underoot I / M

⭐since I of a disc is MR^2 /2

__________________________

Hope it helps U...☺

Wavelength

According to the modern theory concerning atoms, electrons move in orbits around the nucleus.If an electron absorbs energy it is promoted to a higher energy orbit. This situation is so unstable that after a very small period of time (much less than a second) and then it falls back to its previous orbit. During the fall it emits a photon. The energy of a photon DEPENDS on radiation frequency; there are photons of all energies from high-energy gamma- and X-rays, through visible light, to low-energy infrared and radio waves. All photons TRAVEL at the speed of light. Photons do not have electric charge or rest mass and one unit of spin; they are field particles that are thought to be the carriers of the electromagnetic field.

The wavelength of light λ (in meters), is related to the frequency v (in HZ) and to the speed of light c, by the equation:

λ = c/v

where c is the speed of light with a constant value of 300 million meters per second, is the frequency of the light in hertz (Hz) or cycles per second, and is the wavelength of the light in meters. From this relationship it is clear that the wavelength of light in inversely proportional to the frequency. An increase in frequency produces a proportional decrease in the wavelength of light with a corresponding increase in the energy of the photons that make up the light. Upon entering a NEW medium (such as glass or water), the speed and wavelength of light is reduced, although the frequency remains unaltered.

Explore how an electron absorbs energy, is excited into a higher energy state, and then decays at the Laboratory of Light

The relationship between the energy of a photon and it's frequency is dictated by another simple equation:

E = hv = hc/λ

where E is the energy in kiloJoules per mole, h is Planck's constant with a value of 6.626 x 10-34 Joule-seconds per particle, and the other variables were defined above. From this equation, it is clear that the energy of a photon is directly proportional to its frequency and inversely proportional to its wavelength. Thus as frequency increases (with a corresponding decrease in wavelength), the photon energy increases and visa versa.

Next figure illustrates the propagation of an electromagnetic wave in a direction from upper left to lower right. This wave travels at the speed of light and is known as a transverse wave where the direction of wave energy lies at right angles to the direction of propagation.

In this example, the wave is generating both electric and magnetic oscillating fields that are oriented at 90 degree angles with RESPECT to each other and also to the direction of energy. The distance between two successive peaks in the illustration equals the wavelength of the radiation. The NUMBER of oscillations (equal to a single sinusoidal) per second equals the frequency of the radiation, which is usually measured in hertz (cycles per second)

Watt is the unit in which you pay the ELECTRIC bill, and JOULE per SECOND EQUALS waty

A hydrocracking METHOD was developed in the 1970s and the more advanced hydroisomerization method was discoveredin the 1990s, ALLOWING the development and production of a wide RANGE of high-quality LUBRICANTS using mineral oil which can compete with fully synthetic oil.

The primary purposes of pressure groutinga SOIL or rock mass are to improve THESTRENGTH and durability of the mass and/or to reduce the PERMEABILITY of the mass

THE PRINCIPLE OF REINFORCED EARTH. REINFORCED EARTH IS A MATERIAL FORMED BY COMBINING EARTH AND REINFORCEMENT. IN ACTUAL CONSTRUCTION, THE REINFORCED EARTHSTRUCTURES ARE COMPOSED OF EARTHAND REINFORCING ELEMENTS IN THE FORM OF STRIPS DISPOSED IN HORIZONTAL LAYERS.

Poor DRAINAGE has social and economic impacts. The drainage of the soil can be accelerated by the use of SURFACE and subsurface drainage practices. Surface drainage DIVERTS excess water from the soilsurface directly to streams, THEREBY reducing the amount of water that will move into and POSSIBLY through the soil.

The instability problems often FACED by the designers of nonlinear microwave circuits are the cause of significant qualitative discrepancies between simulations and measurements, even when using powerful simulation TOOLS based on harmonic-balance (HB) analysis and numerical optimization algorithms. CRITICAL anomalies resulting from instability PHENOMENA most often invalidate the prototype and demand intense investigation and resolution efforts, which may substantially increase production cycles and the final cost. UNDERSTANDING instability requires awareness of two facts: 1) two or more steady-state solutions can coexist for the same values of the circuit elements and 2) stable solutions must be able to recover from the small perturbations that are always present in real life. To realize the complexity of the problem, one must take into account the fact that circuits containing nonlinear components, such as transistors and diodes, are governed by a set of nonlinear differential algebraic equations [1]-[4]. Time differentiation comes from the existence of reactive elements, involving this operation in their constitutive relationships, and nonlinearity comes from the presence of semiconductor devices, containing nonlinear functions in their intrinsic models. Nonlinear differential equation systems provide four main types of steady-state solutions: dc, periodic, quasi-periodic (having two or more fundamental frequencies with nonrational relationships), and chaotic (nonperiodic

Which ONE USES and EFFECTS MAN ???

Soil nailing is a CONSTRUCTION remedial measure to treat unstable natural soil SLOPES or as a construction TECHNIQUE that allows the safe over-steepening of NEW or existing soil slopes.

Water tank dimension 25 m
weight of water 1000kg
to find ENERGY 1000kg / 25 m
40 ANSWER

I THINK it is C) 144
...... Isn't it...

18.3
I HOPE it will HELP you ❤️

Dynamic compaction is a method that is USED to increase the DENSITY of the SOIL  when certain subsurface CONSTRAINTS make other methods inappropriate. It is a method that is used to increase the density of soil deposits.
I hope it will help you

1. EXCAVATORS

Excavators can be utilised over wheels or treads and are used most often to shovel dirt or lift heavy pieces of machinery. They are usually obvious on account of their LONG bucket arm attached to a cab which pivots. Excavators are operated by a worker who, in the cab, has high visibility over the work area



2. Backhoe Loaders

Backhoe loaders are mounted on tires and can be used in suburban areas. They share many similarities with tractors. The main difference is they contain a shovel at the front which can be ADJUSTED and a bucket at the REAR which is used to dig. Backhoe loaders are usually the best choice for SMALLER jobs which need to be completed in a more restrained space. Backhoe loaders shift dirt, shovel trenches and position pipes into place.

A WORK breakdown structure (WBS) is a chart in which the CRITICAL work elements, CALLED tasks, of a project are illustrated to PORTRAY their relationships to each other and to the project as a whole.

Distance is the length of path travelled by a body in certain interval of TIME . Displacement is the shortest distance between the initial and final POSITION of a body Distance is a scalascalar quantity. Displacement is a VECTOR quantity. Distance cannot be ZERO. Displacement can be zero

Why is the pressure in point B equal to the pressure in point A?

The pressure of the liquid will be evenly distributed across the bottom of the container. Pressure is force PER unit area, and any liquid will find an equilibrium where pressures are equal, so for a given weight of liquid and CONTAINERS with equal bottom surface areas, pressure will always be the same. If we assume there is a gallon of water in each of these container, the pressure of that one gallon of water will be evenly distributed across the bottom of each container.

This is easy to see in the simpler case (A). The water in that container will naturally find an equilibrium, so that the water is the same height across the entire breadth of the container. That means that any column of water above any point is the same height, and by Pascal’s law exerts the same downward pressure at that particular point of the base.

In the more complex case (B), HOWEVER, if the water overfills the lower part and stretches up into the neck of container, it still has the same downward pressure everywhere — same weight of water distributed across the same surface area — but the forces involved have changed. In this container the water is prevented from finding its natural equilibrium by the SHAPE of the container; the upper edge of the non-neck part of the container is exerting a downward force that keeps the water from finding that equilibrium. A column of water on the very left (under the neck) might be taller and thus appear to exert a greater downward force, but a column of water to the right of the container adds the downward force of the non-neck upper edge to the smaller weight of water; in fact, the downward force of the non-neck edge actually supports and lifts the water in the neck, receiving some of the pressure it might exert on the base. When we add all these forces together, we find that the pressure exerted on the base is still the same everywhere; the forces may be distributed differently in B than in A, But the water will always find an equilibrium that distributes its weight evenly across the bottom.

Note, however, that the center of mass of the containers will be different; container B might tip over more easily than container A. But that is a separate issue.

If you don’t believe that this downward force exists, imaging poking a hole in the top of container B somewhere to the right of the neck. Obviously we would see a spout of water shooting up as the water in the neck found an opportunity to equalize with the REST of the water. The top edge of the container is applying the force that keeps that spout and that equalization from happening.

If you want to apply Pascal’s law in strangely shaped containers like B, then keep in mind that Pascal’s law really applies to the average height of the water. If you average out the heights of all the columns of water in container B, they will naturally equal the equilibrium height of water in container A.

The ELECTRIC unit is MEASURED in WATTS or it is ALSO known as Botu means ( board of trade unit

A chamber designed to remove sand, gravel, or other heavy solids that have SUBSIDING VELOCITIES or specific gravities substantially GREATER than those of the organic solids in WASTE WATER.

Fall protection — RESIDENTIAL construction. Standard 29 CFR 1926.501(b)(13) ...

Portable ladders not extended 3 feet above landing. ...

Eye and face protection. ...

Fall protection – unprotected SIDES and EDGES. ...

Fall protection – training. ...

Head protection. ...

Aerial lifts – fall protection. ...

Fall protection – roofing work on low-sloped roofs.




Hope they may help you:)

According to the Le Chateliar's principle high pressure is favourable for the formation of ammonia.The optimum conditions for the production of ammonia through Haber's process are a pressure of 200 atm, a temperature approximately of about 700 K and USE of catalyst such as iron oxide with SMALL amounts of K2O and Al2O3 toincrease the rate of attainment of equilibrium.

low temperature and high pressure are favourable conditions for maximum yield of sulphuric acid. because the reaction is exothermic, reversible, and the forward reaction leads to decrease in VOLUME for the below reaction

2SO2 +O2 in presence of V2O5 catalyst gives 2SO3

but very low temperature slows downn the rate of the reaction.

In the contact process the plant is OPERATED at a pressure of 2 bar and a temperature of 720 K.

Vector QUANTITY is that which requires MAGNITUDE as well as DIRECTION EX- DISPLACEMENT
Scalar quality is that which requires magnitude only.ex- distance

Heyaaa mate

the ANSWER is:-

is the SI unit of frequency.

Hope it HELPS you

Thanks

Dooooooooooooooooo not knoww

In GIS, vector and raster are twodifferent WAYS of representing spatial data. ... Raster data is made up of pixels (or cells), and each PIXEL has an associated value. Simplifying slightly, a digital photograph is an example of a raster DATASET where each pixel value corresponds to a particular colour.Apr 4, 2013

Electric potential at a POINT A in electric field is the WORK done per UNIT positive charge in TRANSPORTING from infinite, far away from point A.
si unit VOLT

No it's technically wrong
there should be R^ instead of i^
r^ TELLS that the FORCE is acting in the direction of r
it can be i^ if r LIES on x axis

I THINK it is PULL force
Isn't it........

A DIELECTRIC overcoat on a metallic mirror ALLOWS for improved handling of the component, increases the durability of themetal coating and provides protection from oxidation with little impact to the performance of the metal coating. ... Isopropyl alcohol or ACETONE can be USED to clean our protected metal coated MIRRORS.

1.modeling and PROJECTION
2.plan implementation
3.Resources INVENTORY

11.3 ELECTROMAGNETIC spectrum (ESADK) EM radiation is classified into types according to the frequency of the wave: these types include, in ORDER of increasing frequency, RADIO waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, VISIBLE light, ULTRAVIOLET radiation, X-rays and gamma rays.