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In both algae and fungi, if thetetrads and octads are LINED up so their meiotic and mitotic ORIGIN can be determined, they are calledlinear or ordered tetrads. If the spores are RANDOMLY ARRANGED, they are called unordered tetrads. .examples of tetrad-producing algae.

CONNECTING tissue
Doesn't have FIBRES

They both describe acts of SEPARATING things. The MAIN difference between the TWO words is that in Latin, the prefix “ex” means “out,” while the prefix “SE” means “aside.” So you can REMEMBER that an excretion is something that is sent out because it has no further use, while a secretion is something that is set aside because it does have a further use.

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DIFFERENCES TABLE. Kidneyis the naturally DEVELOPED excretory organ LOCATED in the body of humans. Excretion of urine by kidneys is done naturally when body fluids are filtered. ... The ARTIFICIAL kidneyis the device used in kidneydamage persons only from TIME to time, under supervision of a specialist doctor.

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Bile juice k secretion hi ALKALINE medium produce karte hai .....
Bicarbonate to CO2 Ko transfer karne k liye BANAYA jata hai ...ar VO BHI alveoli me dissociate ho jata hai

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The WATER droplets ENTERS in the Stomata of peepal TREE through osmosis.

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Methanogenic ARCHERS.

Sulfathiazole is a short-acting sulfonamide antibiotic. Its use has been LARGELY replaced with less TOXIC alternatives but is still used in COMBINATION with sulfacetamide and sulfabenzamide for the treatment of vaginal infections and for disinfecting HOME aquariums. ... It is a short-acting sulfa drug .
Vaginitis
Gram negative pathogenic MICROORGANISMS
Gram positive pathogenic microorganisms

1.it helps in cellular respiration.
2. REGULATE cellular metabolism
3.producing ENERGY of CELL in ATP form by Kerb's CYCLE

The Midday Meal Scheme is a school mealprogramme of the Government of Indiadesigned to improve the NUTRITIONAL status of school-age children nationwide.The programme supplies free lunches on working days for children in primary and upper primary classes in government, government aided, local body, EDUCATION Guarantee Scheme, and alternate INNOVATIVE education centres, Madarsa and Maqtabs supported under Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan, and National Child LABOUR Project schools run by the ministry of labour. Serving 120,000,000 children in over 1,265,000 schools and Education Guarantee Scheme centres, it is the largest such programme in the world.

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EXPLANATION:

Urine is discharged as alkaline because Cowper Gland,Bulbourethal Gland and other glands NEAR the urinogenital DUCT secrets mucus and alkaline FLUID to make it basic in nature.

There are SEVERAL different METHODS of asexual reproduction. They include binary fission, fragmentation, and budding. Binary fission occurs when a parent cell SPLITS into two identical daughter cells of the same

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During GLYCOLYSIS, glucose is broken down in ten steps to two molecules of pyruvate, which then enters the mitochondria where it is oxidised through the tricarboxylic acid CYCLE to carbon dioxide and water. Glycolysis can be split into two PHASES, both of which occur in the cytosol. Phase I involves splitting glucose into two molecules of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) at the expense of 2 ATP molecules, but allows the subsequent energy-producing REACTIONS to be doubled up with a higher net gain of ATP. Phase II converts G3P into pyruvate, with the concomitant generation of 4 ATP molecules, giving a net gain of 2 ATP per glucose molecule. Glycolysis, therefore, provides the cell with a small amount of energy, and, in aerobic cells, provides the starting materials for the complete oxidation of glucose to carbon dioxide and water.

You know that all living organisms respire in ORDER to release energy from GLUCOSE and make it available in the form of ATP for chemical, osmotic and other work.

Plants are no exception. They need to respire virtually all the time in order to supply their energy NEEDS. They are not able to use the ATP generated in photosynthesis for these purposes.

Plants respire in the normal way using glycolysis, Krebs cycle, oxidative phosphorylation etc.

Often, the respiration is masked by the fact that photosynthesis produces oxygen faster than respiration takes it up and photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide faster than respiration produces it. It is only in the dark that the full effects of respiration become apparent when photosynthesis is brought to a halt.

Plants need energy to take in mineral salts from the soil where they are present in very low concentration - this needs work (energy) to concentrate the mineral inside the plant. Plants growing in waterlogged soils (which are short of oxygen) cannot respire in their roots and soon show the symptoms of shortage of minerals (like yellow leaves). (Rice is interesting because it has a pithy stem through which it enables oxygen from above the water to get down to the roots and therefore rice thrives in "paddy fields".).

Water is taken into the plant partly with the help of energy, but most of the energy for water uptake is a result of the evaporation from the leaves "sucking" the water up. However, moving sugars around the plant seems to require energy as DEAD phloem cells do not transport sugars.

Complex chemicals (like proteins) need energy to make them from simple chemicals - again the plants need a supply of energy to do this.

To PREPARE a stethoscope with paper CUP and plastic tube, attach the plastic tube to the paper cup by MAKING a hole in it and inserting the tube through it.

The paper cup can then be placed on the chest and the tube on the ear. You will hear some sounds through the tube when the heart beats.

Inhalation is the process of breathing air into the lungs through the nose and mouth. This causes an increase in the volume of air in the lungs, MEANING the pressure will decrease. This is acheived using 3 sets of muscles. The internal and external intercostals lie between the ribs; the internal relax whilst the external contract, which pulls the RIBCAGE up and out. The DIAPHRAGM, the sheet of muscle between the lungs and the abdomen, also contracts, pulling the ribcage downwards. Both these actions together help push air into the lungs.

Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation Is INDEPENDENT of De Novo GENE Expression. ... Neutrophils are ESSENTIAL innate immune cells whose responses are crucial in the clearance of invading PATHOGENS. Neutrophils can respond to INFECTION by releasing neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs).

RESPIRATION in PLANT TAKES place by Lenticels. which is PRESENT in barks.

"Apart from bile JUICE, all other digestive juices contain enzymes. Thus the correct option is (a).

Bile is produced by the liver and enables digestion by making lipids.

Gastric juice is produced by the STOMACH and contains pepsin, which work on proteins.

Pancreatic juice is SECRETED by the pancreas and contains several digestive enzymes.

Saliva is formed by the salivary glands and contains the digestive juice salivary amylase.

"

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A group of CELL having common origin and PERFORM same function is CALLED tissue.
There are TWO types of tissue :--
1.Meristematic tissue
2.Permanent tissue

In plant anatomy, tissues are categorized broadly into three tissuesystems: the epidermis, the groundtissue, and the VASCULAR tissue. Epidermis - CELLS forming the outer surface of the leaves and of the youngplant BODY. Vascular tissue - The primary components of vasculartissue are the xylem and phloem

Mitosis is the division of CELLS which OCCURS in somatic cells or VEGETATIVE cell.

meiosis is the division of cells which occurs in sex cells or GERM cells

"Option (d) i.e. ensure that leaves are free from the starch is the correct answer.

Since the PLANT is kept in the dark for 48 HOURS, it cannot prepare photosynthesis as there is no sunlight to HELP it MAKE FOOD.

In those 48 hours the starch stored in the leaves is stored up, thus making leaves free of starch.

"

"After reading the chapter ‘Nutrition’ the food habits I will follow are:

• I will intake food which is high in nutrients such as proteins, CARBOHYDRATES, FATS, VITAMINS and minerals.

• Will TAKE LIGHT but healthy meals

• Will not do strenuous work outs after intake of food

• I will drink adequate amount of water during the day

"

Cells are of DIFFERENT shape,size and structure according to the function they needs to perform. So, if all the cells will be of same shape and size , it will be very difficult for multicellular ANIMALS including humans to adapt better to the environment and SURVIVE. ... Neurons are cells in the BRAIN and NERVOUS system.

a) Edward Jenner : He invented vaccinations.

b)Florence NIGHTINGALE: Revolutionised the NURSING profession.

c)Joseph LISTER: Introduced surgical sterile techniques.

d)Marie CURIE: She discovered radium,radioactivity and polonium.

e)ALEXANDER Fleming: He discovered penicillin.

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this TYPE of incompatibility is OBSERVED in BRASSICACEAE, Polemoniaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Betulaceae, Asteraceae, Sterculiaceae and Convolvulaceae

LIFE PROCESS-the PROCESSES which helps the HUMAN being to sustain their life is defined as the life processes.EG-excretion,reproduction growth etc.

NUTRITION- the proccess by which the himan being derive food and health is termed as nutrition.

AUTOTROPIC NUTRITION-the way by which the autotrophs(GREEN PLANTS) derive their nutrition is called as autotropic nutrition.

The PROCESS of division of CELL during we GROW and many more REASONS. is called cell division
two TYPES of cell division.
asexual and sexual

Human reproduction is any form of sexual reproduction resulting in human fertilization, TYPICALLY involving sexual intercourse between a man and a WOMAN. During sexual intercourse, the interaction between the male and female reproductive systems RESULTS in fertilization of the woman's ovum by the man's sperm.

Cross breeding is USEFUL in animals as it can get us NEW breeds of the SPECIES. This HELPS us in KNOWING more animals and using them for domestic needs

DNA Double Helix

The double-stranded helical model for DNA is shown in the graphic on the left. The easiest way to visualize DNA is as an IMMENSELY long rope ladder, twisted into a corkscrew shape. The sides of the ladder are ALTERNATING sequences of deoxyribose and phosphate (backbone) while the rungs of the ladder (bases) are made in two parts with each part firmly attached to the side of the ladder. The parts in the rung are HETEROCYCLIC amines held in position by hydrogen bonding. Although most DNA exists as open ended double helices, some bacterial DNA has been found as a cyclic helix. Occasionally, DNA has ALSO been found as a SINGLE strand.

There are two kinds of BACTERIA which fix atmospheric nitrogen one is symbiotic and the other is non symbiotic, non symbiotic bacteria includes cyanobacteria or BLUE GREEN ALGAE, and the symbiotic bacteria includes RHIZOBIUM.

Medical Definition of ethanol. : a colorless volatile flammable liquid C2H5OH that is the intoxicating agent in liquors and is also used as a solvent — CALLED also ETHYL alcohol, grain alcohol; SEE alcohol 1.
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The PROTEINS NAME is HAEMOGLOBIN.

Yeast do anaerobic RESPIRATION in which CO2 is released . So, it is ADDED to dosa batter to make it FLUFFY.

C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O

Anthrax
Black quarter (black-leg)
Foot and mouth disease
Rabies (MAD DOG disease)
Blue tongue
Pox
Brucellosis of sheep
Tetanus
Listeriosis
Campylobactor abortion (vibriosis)
Johne`s disease
Bovine ephemeral fever
Lesions
Rinderpest
Mastitis
Footrot
Bovine rhinotracheitis
Piglet DIARRHEA or scourPPR (goat PLAGUE)
Bovine babesiosis (tick fever)
Theileriosis
East COAST fever
Ringworm
Milk fever
Calf scour

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✴Function of Lysosomes are:-

[1] It protect the body from bacteria and viruses by digesting them.
[2] They destroy OLD worn out cell organelles.
[3] It help in INTRACELLULAR digestion.
[4] It provide energy by controlled breakdown of stored FOOD substances.
[5] It digested the Stored food and even own organelles.

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1)Some USE full traits are:-
1 higher productivity
2 improved quality
3 biotic and abiotic resistance
4 desirable agronomic traits
5 nutrient efficacy.

2)Intercropping is a farming METHOD that involves planting or growing more than one crop at the same time and on the same piece of land.

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