Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

Answer:

Self-organized PATTERNS at the ecosystem level represent 'order for free.' REINFORCING eco-evolutionary feedbacks do not occur at the landscape scale. Self-organization does not CONTRIBUTE to ECOSYSTEMS as COMPLEX adaptive systems.

Unidirectional flow means that air moving through BIRD lungs is largely 'fresh' air & has a HIGHER oxygen content. In contrast, air flow is 'bidirectional' in MAMMALS, moving back and forth into and out of the lungs. ... So, in bird lungs, more oxygen is available to diffuse into the blood (avian respiratory SYSTEM).

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EXPLANATION:

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Explanation:

Right OPTION is 1.natural pathways,neural CELL BODIES

ANSWER:

The answer is FALSE PLEASE MARK as BRILLIANT

ANSWER:

In DOMESTICATED fowls, sex of progeny

depends on the TYPE of sperm RATHER than

egg.​

Explanation:

Explanation:

Cell wall is a CHARACTERISTIC feature to cells of PLANTS, bacteria, fungi, algae and some archaea. It is located outside the cell MEMBRANE. The major function of the cell wall is to provide rigidity, tensile STRENGTH, structural support, PROTECTION against mechanical stress and infection.

these are characteristics of cell wall....

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Zooplankton: Under unfavourable conditions, zooplankton species in lakes and ponds enter DIAPAUSE which is a stage of suspended development. V. Fungi: In fungi, various kinds of thick-walled spores are formed which HELP them to SURVIVE in unfavourable conditions. The spores germinate on return of favourable conditions.

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Mitosis is a process where a single cell divides into two identical DAUGHTER cells (cell DIVISION). During mitosis ONE cell divides once to form two identical cells. The major purpose of mitosis is for growth and to replace worn out cells.

Mitosis is a continuous process that takes place over five phases: INTERPHASE, prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase

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"b" (and any SUBSEQUENT words) was IGNORED because we LIMIT QUERIES to 32 words.

Answer:

Nastic movements are plant movements that OCCUR in response to environmental stimuli but UNLIKE TROPIC movements, the direction of the response is not DEPENDENT on the direction of the stimulus. Some of the most SPECTACULAR plant movements are nastic movements.

Explanation:

Answer:

EXPLANATION:

Nutrition, excretion, TRANSPORTATION and RESPIRATION

Explanation:

most of u may not find JAGGERY attractive as a fooditem because of the dark yellow colour and its amorphous and GOOEY look .[1] Of course, there are some who find it's color and appearence APPEALING and interesting over the white, CRYSTALLINE sugar .

ANSWER:

WBC = white blood cells or white blood corpuscles

RBC = red BLOOD cells or red blood corpuscles

Answer:

Crossing over is ESSENTIAL for the normal segregation of CHROMOSOMES during meiosis. Crossing over also accounts for GENETIC variation, because due to the swapping of genetic material during crossing over, the chromatids HELD together by the centromere are no longer identical.

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Answer:

Chand Badrai wrote Prithviraj Raso

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ANSWER:

through AIR MEDIUM, FOOD, WATER, etc.

Explanation:

ANSWER:

nicotine

means

tobacco

we eat tobacco then we get cancer

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Answer:

Critical Thickness of Insulation – Critical Radius. In a PLANE wall the area perpendicular to the DIRECTION of heat flow adding more insulation to a wall always DECREASES heat transfer. The THICKER the insulation, the lower the heat transfer rate. This is due to the FACT the outer surface have always the same area.

Answer:

hi

Explanation:

amoeba: it deeds on unicellular plants BACTERIA etc. it takes FOOD from its finger LIKE projections and this process is called pseudopodia.and forms a food vacuole. inside the food vacuole the food is digested and absorbed .the undigested food is then send out through the body surface as a RESULT of egestion

paramecium: food is obtained from water by the MOVEMENT of cilia. its digestion may be intracellular or intercellular

ANSWER:

EXPLANATION:

The CORRECT answer is water droplet found on a spider web in the MORNING.

ANSWER:

it TAKES THREE MONTHS approximately

Explanation:

waxy LEAVES and thorny skin

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ANSWER:

Acidic MEDIUM is maintained in the stomach by the gastric ACID. Gastric acid is a digestive fluid secreted by cells in the stomach lining. It consists of hydrochloric acid, potassium chloride and sodium chloride; they MAINTAIN a low PH inside the stomach, which is necessary for the digestion of proteins.

Explanation:

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Microbial Growth. Microorganisms, specifically BACTERIA, molds, and yeasts, can cause food to spoil. For example, microorganisms that break down FATS in unsalted BUTTER can cause it to become rancid. Bacteria that breaks down protein in meat (proteolytic bacteria) and results in foul odors.

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This is the MAIN DIFFERENCES between MANURES and FERTILIZERS

GASSES LIKE METHANE,NITROUS OXIDE,AND WATER VAPOUR CO TRIBUTE TOWARD GREENHOUSE EFFECT.

A mutagen is any agent that affects a CHANGE (specifically referring to a change in DNA). Thus any carcinogen (that increases the risk of getting cancer by causing MUTATIONS) is a mutagen. Common mutagens include: bromine, SODIUM azide, psoralen, benzene, x-rays, GAMMA rays, ALPHA particles, ultraviolet radiation, etc.

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Answer:

The NERVOUS system has two main parts:

The central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord.

The peripheral nervous system is made up of nerves that branch off from the spinal cord and extend to all parts of the body.

The nervous system transmits signals between the brain and the rest of the body, including internal organs. In this way, the nervous system’s activity controls the ability to move, breathe, see, think, and more.1

The basic unit of the nervous system is a nerve cell, or neuron. The human brain contains about 100 billion neurons. A neuron has a cell body, which includes the cell nucleus, and special extensions called axons (pronounced AK-sonz) and dendrites (pronounced DEN-drahytz). Bundles of axons, called nerves, are found THROUGHOUT the body. Axons and dendrites allow neurons to communicate, even across long distances.

Different types of neurons control or perform different activities. For instance, motor neurons transmit messages from the brain to the muscles to GENERATE movement. Sensory neurons detect light, sound, odor, taste, pressure, and heat and send messages about those things to the brain. Other parts of the nervous system control involuntary processes. These include keeping a regular heartbeat, releasing hormones like adrenaline, opening the pupil in response to light, and regulating the digestive system.

When a neuron sends a message to another neuron, it sends an electrical signal down the length of its axon. At the end of the axon, the electrical signal changes to a chemical signal. The axon then releases the chemical signal with chemical messengers called NEUROTRANSMITTERS (pronounced noor-oh-TRANS-mit-erz) into the synapse (pronounced SIN-aps)—the space between the end of an axon and the tip of a dendrite from another neuron. The neurotransmitters move the signal through the synapse to the neighboring dendrite, which converts the chemical signal back into an electrical signal. The electrical signal then travels through the neuron and goes through the same conversion processes as it moves to neighboring neurons.

The nervous system also includes non-neuron cells, called glia (pronounced GLEE-uh). Glia perform many important functions that keep the nervous system working properly. For example, glia:

Help support and hold neurons in place

Protect neurons

Create insulation called myelin, which helps move nerve impulses

Repair neurons and help restore neuron function

Trim out dead neurons

Regulate neurotransmitters

The brain is made up of many networks of communicating neurons and glia. These networks allow different parts of the brain to “TALK” to each other and work together to control body functions, emotions, thinking, behavior, and other activities

EXPLANATION:

The heart consists of four chambers, two atria (upper chambers) and two ventricles (lower chambers). There is a valve through which blood passes before LEAVING each CHAMBER of the heart. The valves prevent the backward flow of blood.

EXPLANATION:

WOOL is the ODD.

............

Explanation:

1) it BLOCKS the DUST particles.

2)It HELPS in CLEANING the AIR

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“ ~ ”SYMBOL called as TILDE (~)

Tilde USED to represent APPROXIMATELY.

Cell Wall Definition

A cell wall is an outer LAYER surrounding certain cells that is outside of the cell membrane. All cells have cell membranes, but generally only plants, fungi, algae, most bacteria, and ARCHAEA have cells with cell walls. The cell wall provides strength and structural support to the cell, and can control to some extent what types and concentrations of molecules enter and leave the cell. The materials that make up the cell wall differ depending on the type of organism. The cell wall has evolved many different times among different groups of organisms.

Cell Wall Functions

The cell wall has a few different functions. It is flexible, but provides strength to the cell, which helps protect the cell against physical damage. It also gives the cell its shape and allows the organism to maintain a certain shape overall. The cell wall can also provide protection from pathogens such as bacteria that are trying to invade the cell. The structure of the cell wall allows many small molecules to pass through it, but not larger molecules that could harm the cell.

Definition

A cell wall is an outer layer surrounding certain cells that is outside of the cell membrane. All cells have cell membranes, but generally only plants, fungi, algae, most bacteria, and archaea have cells with cell walls. The cell wall provides strength and structural support to the cell, and can control to some extent what types and concentrations of molecules enter and leave the cell. The materials that make up the cell wall differ depending on the type of organism. The cell wall has evolved many different times among different groups of organisms.

Function

Illustration depicting cellular diffusion

The cell membrane surrounds the cytoplasm of living cells, physically separating the INTRACELLULAR components from the extracellular environment. The cell membrane also plays a role in anchoring the cytoskeleton to provide shape to the cell, and in attaching to the extracellular matrix and other cells to hold them together to form tissues. Fungi, bacteria, most archaea, and plants also have a cell wall, which provides a mechanical support to the cell and precludes the passage of larger molecules.

The cell membrane is selectively permeable and able to regulate what enters and exits the cell, thus facilitating the transport of materials needed for survival. The movement of substances across the membrane can be either "passive", occurring without the input of cellular energy, or "active", requiring the cell to expend energy in transporting it. The membrane also maintains the cell potential. The cell membrane thus works as a selective filter that allows only certain things to COME inside or GO outside the cell.

Answer: water is our LIFE line , and therefore it is very much IMPORTANT to US . without water we can not survive . if we will use water in an unexpected manner then there will no water left for our FUTURE generation . so , we should save water .

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PLANTS THAT GROW IN WATER AND CAN BE EATEN

• Lotus (Lotus STEM)
• WILD Rice
• Water Caltrop
• Water Chestnut
• Water Spinach
• Watercress

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Answer:

Tardigrades, the microscopic animals also known as water bears and moss piglets, have captured the imagination of scientists for almost 250 years, thanks to their Muppet-like appearance and their ability to survive extreme environments that would destroy most other living things. One of these skills is the ability to endure being dried out for up to a decade or longer. In Molecular Cell on March 16, a team of scientists report that this knack for survival is due to a unique set of proteins they dubbed tardigrade-specific intrinsically disordered proteins (TDPs).

"The big takeaway from our study is that tardigrades have evolved unique genes that ALLOW them to survive drying out," says Thomas Boothby, the Life Sciences Research Foundation Postdoctoral Fellow at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and the study's first author. "In addition, the proteins that these genes encode can be used to protect other biological material—like bacteria, yeast, and certain enzymes—from desiccation."

For a long time, it was assumed that a sugar called trehelose gave tardigrades the ability to tolerate desiccation. Trehelose is found in a number of other organisms that can survive being dried out, including yeast, brine shrimp, and some nematodes. But biochemical studies of tardigrades have found trehelose at low levels or not at all, and sequencing has not revealed the gene for the ENZYME required to make this sugar.

"The QUESTION has been, 'If tardigrades aren't relying on trehelose to survive desiccation, what do they use instead?'" Boothby says. He and his team set out to discover how they do  it

The first step of the research was to look at which genes were active under various conditions: unstressed, drying out, and frozen. The researchers identified genes that were upregulated and expressed at high levels when the animals began to dry out. The proteins that these genes encode, the TDPs, are in a class of proteins called intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPS). Unlike most proteins, IDPs have no fixed three-dimensional structure.

After they found the TDP genes expressed at high levels during the drying-out period in one species of tardigrade, the team looked at two other species and found the same genes. One species, which had the genes turned on all the time, is able to survive drying out much more quickly that the others. "We think it can do this because it has so many of these proteins around already and doesn't need time to make them," Boothby says.

To verify that these TDPs were what gave tardigrades their unique abilities, the researchers put the genes encoding them into yeast and bacteria, and confirmed that the TDPs protected these other organisms.Trehelose helps other organisms to survive drying out by forming glass-like solids when they dry, rather than crystals. Boothby and his colleagues found that TDFs form similar glass-like solids, and showed that when the glassiness of TDPs was disrupted, it correlated with a loss of their protective abilities.

Boothby says TDPs have a number of potential uses, including protecting crops from drought and safeguarding medications that normally require cold storage. "Being able to stabilize sensitive pharmaceuticals in a dry state is very important to me personally," he says. "I grew up in Africa, where lack of refrigeration in remote areas is a huge problem. These real-world applications are one of the things that LED me to study tardigrades."

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Explanation:

Other examples of bacteria that ACT as biofertilizers include Azospirillum and Azotobacter. These bacteria are free-living in the soil. Azotobacter is USUALLY used with crops like cotton, WHEAT, MUSTARD, maize etc.Biofertilizers and biopesticides are important areas to fulfill the challenges in a sustainable WAY. Biopesticides are derived from natural materials such as animals, plants, bacteria, and certain minerals widely used for controlling insects and disease causing pathogens

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of a flower. ... after the pollen lands on SUITABLE stigma, it has to reach the female germ cells which are in ovary. for this, a tube GROWS out of pollen grains and TRAVEL through STYLE to reach the ovary

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Answer:

✔Once the oxygen diffuses across the alveoli, it enters the bloodstream and is transported to the tissues where it is UNLOADED, and carbon dioxide diffuses out of the blood and into the alveoli to be EXPELLED from the BODY

conjugation

is the process of delivering sperms into FEMALE genital tract through the penis.

yes, it is a sexual meeting...

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The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile between meals. Gallbladder motor function is regulated by bile acids via the membrane bile acid receptor, TGR5, and by neurohormonal signals linked to digestion, for example, cholecystokinin and FGF15/19 intestinal hormones, which trigger gallbladder emptying and refilling, respectively. The cycle of gallbladder filling and emptying controls the flow of bile into the intestine and thereby the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. The gallbladder also largely contributes to the regulation of bile composition by unique absorptive and secretory capacities. The gallbladder epithelium SECRETES bicarbonate and mucins, which both provide cytoprotection against bile acids. The reversal of fluid transport from absorption to secretion occurs together with bicarbonate secretion after feeding, predominantly in response to an adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent pathway triggered by neurohormonal factors, such as vasoactive intestinal peptide. Mucin secretion in the gallbladder is stimulated predominantly by calcium-dependent pathways that are activated by ATP present in bile, and bile acids. The gallbladder epithelium has the CAPACITY to absorb CHOLESTEROL and provides a cholecystohepatic shunt pathway for bile acids. Changes in gallbladder motor function not only can contribute to gallstone disease, but also subserve protective functions in multiple pathological settings through the sequestration of bile acids and changes in the bile acid composition. Cholecystectomy increases the enterohepatic recirculation rates of bile acids leading to metabolic EFFECTS and an increased risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, cirrhosis, and small-intestine carcinoid, independently of cholelithiasis. Among subjects with gallstones, cholecystectomy remains a priority in those at risk of gallbladder cancer, while others could benefit from gallbladder-preserving strategies.

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Answer:

Excess nitrogen is excreted from the body. Nitrogenous wastes tend to form toxic AMMONIA, which raises the pH of body fluids. ... In CONTRAST, mammals (including humans) PRODUCE urea from ammonia; however, they also form some uric acid during the BREAKDOWN of nucleic acids.

Explanation:

During UNFAVOURABLE conditions, SUSPENSION of

development of ZOOPLANKTONS is CALLED as .....Diapause

ANSWER:

FERTILIZERS are PRODUCED in FACTORY by CHEMICAL

Answer:

Explanation:

Air transport is preffered in northeastern states more than ROAD trips because of these reasons because There are wide rivers in between CITIES of around 10–20 km. So, its not always feasible to construct bridges. Though indian govt. has constructed many bridges (India's longest bridge bhupen hazarika bridge is situated here) . Also due to ROUGH terrain raliway tracks cannot be laid. Due to mountains, rivers etc road journey becomes too long even for short distances.

So air TRAVEL is the most feasible option as the costs are also QUITE low due to subsidies by the govt. And most of the cities have regional active airports.

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Answer:

The enzymes made by the PANCREAS include:

Pancreatic proteases (such as trypsin and CHYMOTRYPSIN) - which help to DIGEST proteins.

Pancreatic amylase - which helps to digest sugars (carbohydrates).

Pancreatic lipase - which helps to digest fat.

Explanation:

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