Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

Correct option is C) already

Correct option is D) had left

Correct option is B) has grown

A Railway Platform

The railway platform is a place where trains arrive and depart and passengers on board or detrains for travelling. We can enter a platform after buying a proper ticket or platform ticket. It is a place of great hue and cries when it is time for the train. The gathering of passengers and their relatives or friends who come either to see off or receive can be seen there. There are many vendors who. try to sell their products by honking. When the train arrives or departs it whistles. At that time rushing can be seen at the utmost. Long queues can be seen at the booking windows. People buy books from bookstalls. When the train departs away it becomes a deserted place.

रेलवे प्लेटफॉर्म वह स्थान है जहाँ रेलगाड़ियों का आगमन और प्रस्थान होता है तथा यात्री यात्रा के लिए (उनमें) चढ़ते या उतरते हैं। हम उपयुक्त टिकट या प्लेटफॉर्म टिकट खरीदने के बाद ही प्लेटफॉर्म पर जा सकते हैं। जब किसी रेलगाड़ी का समय होता है तब यह बहुत कोलाहलपूर्ण स्थान होता है। वहाँ यात्रियों तथा उनको विदा करने या स्वागत करने हेतु आने वाले उनके सम्बन्धियों या मित्रों की भीड़ देखी जा सकती है। वहाँ बहुत से फेरी वाले होते हैं जो चिल्लाकर अपने सामान बेचने का प्रयास करते हैं। जब ट्रेन आती या जाती है तो यह सीटी बजाती है। उस समय अत्यधिक धक्का-मुक्की देखी जा सकती है। टिकट खिड़कियों पर लम्बी-लम्बी लाइनें देखी जा सकती हैं। लोग बुकस्टॉलों से पुस्तकें खरीदते हैं। जब ट्रेन चली जाती है, तो यह (प्लेटफॉर्म) एक सूना (जनविहीन) स्थान हो जाती है।

A Road Accident

A car was running at a high speed on the highway in the morning. All of a sudden a child came in front of it. The driver tried to stop the car without giving any signal: A loaded truck was also running behind the car. The truck driver could not control the truck. As a result, it hit the car badly. But fortunately, none received serious injuries. Three passengers of the car and its driver were taken to hospital. They were treated for minor injuries there. But the rear part of the car was badly damaged. The truck driver tried to escape but was arrested on the spot by the public. He was then handed over to the police.

प्रात:काल एक कार बहुत तेज गति से हाईवे पर दौड़ रही थी। अचानक एक बालक इसके सामने आ गया। चालक ने बिना कोई संकेत देते हुए कार को रोकने का प्रयास किया। कार के पीछे एक लदा हुआ ट्रेक भी चल रहा था। टूक चालक ट्रक को नियंत्रित नहीं कर पाया। परिणामस्वरूप इसने कार में बुरी तरह टक्कर मारी। लेकिन सौभाग्यवश किसी को भी गम्भीर चोट नहीं आयी। कार के तीन यात्री तथा इसका चालक अस्पताल ले जाये गये। वहाँ उनकी छोटी-मोटी चोटों का उपचार किया गया। लेकिन कार का पिछला हिस्सा बुरी तरह क्षतिग्रस्त हो गया। ट्रक चालक ने बच निकलने की कोशिश की लेकिन उसे घटनास्थल पर ही लोगों द्वारा पकड़ लिया गया। फिर उसे पुलिस के सुपुर्द कर दिया गया।

A House on Fire

Suddenly the cries and shrieks of people were heard at 3.30 p.m. Several ladies and children were weeping bitterly. It attracted the attention of people in the neighbouring houses. They reached the spot. A house was on fire. People were running here and there. Goods were being thrown out from the house. Many sleeping children were taken out. People were throwing water on the fire. Some people were throwing sand on the fire. Flames were shooting up from the burning house. There was smoke everywhere. The fire brigade arrived and controlled the fire within half an hour. Luckily, everybody was safe.

दोपहर को 3 बजकर 30 मिनट पर अचानक लोगों की चीख पुकार सुनाई दी। बहुत से स्त्री बच्चे बिलख-बिलखकर रो रहे थे। इसने आस-पड़ोस में रहने वाले लोगों का ध्यान आकृष्ट किया वे घटनास्थल पर पहुँचे। एक घर जले रहा था। लोग इधर-उधर दौड़ रहे थे। घरों से सामान बाहर फेंका जा रहा था। बहुत से सोये हुये बच्चों को बाहर लाया गया। लोग आग पर पानी फेंक रहे थे। कुछ लोग आग पर रेत फेंक रहे थे। जलते हुए घर से आग की ऊँची-ऊँची लपटें उठ रहीं थीं। हर तरफ धुआँ ही धुआँ था। अग्निशमन दस्ता वहाँ पहुँचा और आधे घण्टे के अन्दर आग पर काबू पा लिया गया। भाग्यवश, सब सुरक्षित थे।

Life

• There is currently no consensus regarding the definition of life.
• One popular definition is that organisms are open systems that maintain homeostasis, are composed of cells, have a life cycle, undergo metabolism, can grow, adapt to their environment, respond to stimuli, reproduce and evolve.

The seven characteristics of life include:

• responsiveness to the environment;
• growth and change;
• ability to reproduce;
• have a metabolism and breathe;
• maintain homeostasis;
• being made of cells; and.
• passing traits onto offspring.

Society in the ancient past

• The term civilization basically means the level of development at which people live together peacefully in communities. 
• Ancient civilization refers specifically to the first settled and stable communities that became the basis for later states, nations, and empires.
• Although Mesopotamia civilization is considered the oldest in the world's history, some researchers believe that the Aboriginal Australian is the oldest.

Pangaea is a hypothetical continent including all the landmass of the earth prior to the Triassic period when it split into Laurasia and Gondwanaland.

Three basic elements of a map are followings

Title: It introduces the topic or the theme of the map. 

Direction: it helps us to find the way.

Scale: It helps us to measure distances between places.

This is true because a sketch is drawn to scale a certain area.

 List of Basic Chemistry Apparatus
 

• Safety goggles and safety equipment.
• Beakers.
• Erlenmeyer flasks, AKA conical flasks.
• Florence flasks, AKA boiling flasks.
• Test tubes, tongs, and racks.
• Watch glasses.
• Crucibles.
• Funnels.

Culture is the characteristics and knowledge of a particular group of people, encompassing language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music and arts.

• Claudius Ptolemaeus (circa 100–circa 170), known as Ptolemy, was an astronomer, mathematician, and geographer of Greek descent who lived and worked in the Egyptian city of Alexandria.
• In his Geography, Ptolemy gathered all the geographic knowledge possessed by the Greco-Roman world.

• The fact that maps distort reality cannot be denied.
• It is absolutely impossible to depict a round earth on a flat surface without sacrificing at least some accuracy. 
• In fact, a map can only be accurate in one of four domains: shape, area, distance, or direction.

Now Maps vs Globe comparison

Maps are less accurate than the globe because the map is a flat presentation of our earth but the globe is the spherical presentation of the earth and globe are more accurate than maps because the globe is a model of the earth and we can imagine how our earth looks like by the globe. So these are more accurate and maps are less accurate.

• The process of comparing an unknown physical quantity with a known standard quantity of the same kind is called measurement. 
• Measurement is essential to know the exact physical quantity of the substances in our daily life. 
• Some of the examples of physical quantities are the area, mass, time, length, temperature, etc.

The Taj Mahal

The Taj Mahal is the most extravagant monument built as a symbol of eternal enduring love. Standing on the banks of the Yamuna, the Taj, one of the seven wonders of the world, overlooks the Agra Fort. The Taj Mahal is known as the finest example of enchanting architecture and aesthetic beauty. Completed in 1653, it was built by the Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal. If one wants to capture the beauty of the Taj the epitome of love, one should visit it at dawn or dusk. The glittering Taj in the moonlit night entices the viewers. Thousands of visitors from all over the world come to visit this great building throughout the year.

अनन्त प्यार के प्रतीक के रूप में बनी ताजमहले सबसे महंगा स्मारक है। विश्व के सात आश्चर्यों में से एक, ताज, यमुना के तट पर स्थित है जो आगरी के किले से दिखाई देता है। ताजमहल मोहक शिल्पकला तथा सुन्दरता को सर्वश्रेष्ठ उदाहरण है। 1653 में पूर्ण हुए, इसे सम्राट शाहजहाँ द्वारा अपनी प्रिय पत्नी, मुमताज महल की याद में बनवाया गया था। यदि कोई प्यार के सार, इस ताज को देखना चाहता है तो उसे इसे सूर्योदय या सूर्यास्त के समय देखने जाना चाहिये। चाँदनी रात में ताज की चमक दर्शकों को लुभाती है। विश्व भर से हजारों पर्यटक पूरे वर्ष इस भव्य इमारत को देखने आते हैं।

1. Shah Jahan was put under house arrest at the Agra Fort after being deposed.

2. Before marriage, the name of the wife of Shah Jahan was Arjumand Banu Begum.

3. Approximately 32 million rupees (approx US $68000) were spent to build the Taj.

4. A sweeping restoration project of the Taj Mahal was completed in 1908.

5. Shah Jahan was the grandson of Akbar, the Great.

The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World are:

•  Great Pyramid of Giza, 
• Hanging Gardens of Babylon, 
• Temple of Artemis at Ephesus, 
• Statue of Zeus at Olympia, 
• Mausoleum at Halicarnassus (also known as the Mausoleum of Mausolus), 
• Colossus of Rhodes,  
• The Lighthouse of Alexandria as depicted

The correct answer is Alluvial.

Alluvial Soil

• The alluvial soil occurs mainly in the Sutlej- Ganga- Brahmaputra Plains.
• Most available soil in India (about 43%) covers the land area.
• They are also found in the valleys of the Narmada, Tapi, and the Eastern and Western coastal plains.
• This soil has a phosphorous deficiency but rich in potash and lime.
• The color of soil varies from light grey to ash.
• This soil is suitable for Kharif and Rabi crops like rice, maize, wheat, sugarcane, pulses, oilseeds, jute, etc.

Alluvial soil is divided into two

• Khadar Soil (New): The khadar soils are enriched with fresh silts. They are low-lying, frequently inundated by floods during the rainy season. It occupies the flood plains of rivers. The khaddar tracts called kankar are rich in concentration.
• Bhangar Soil (Old): This soil lies above the flood level. It is well-drained but because of the calcium carbonate nodules, the texture of soil varies from loamy soil to clayey soil.

• The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) has classified soils into 8 categories.
• Alluvial Soil, Black Cotton Soil or Regur Soil, Red Soil, Laterite Soil, Mountainous or Forest Soils, Arid or Desert Soil, Saline and Alkaline Soil, Peaty, and Marshy Soil.

Laterite Soil

• The laterite soils develop in areas of high temperature and high rainfall.
• Laterite soil is soft, when they are wet and so hard and cloddy’ on drying.
• Laterite soils are found mainly in the hills of the Western Ghats, Raj Mahal hills, Eastern Ghats, Satpura, Vindhya, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, North Cachar Hills, and the Garo hills.
• Laterite soils are red in color with a high content of iron oxides.
• These are rich in iron and aluminum.
• These are poor in organic matter, nitrogen, potassium, lime, and potash.
• This soil is suitable for the cultivation of tea, coffee, rubber, millets, and cashew nuts.

Black or Regur Soil

• Black soil is also known as cotton soil.
• This is the third largest group in India. This soil is formed from rocks of cretaceous lava.
• This stretch over the parts of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Western parts of Madhya Pradesh, North- Western Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand up to Raj Mahal hills.
• The soil is rich in iron, lime, calcium, potash, magnesium, and aluminum.
• It has a high water-retaining capacity.
• This soil is suitable for cotton, tobacco, jowar, sugarcane, wheat, rice, fruits and vegetables, and linseed.

Arid or Desert Soil

• This soil is deposited by wind action and mainly found in the arid and semi-arid areas like Rajasthan, West of the Aravallis, Northern Gujarat, Saurashtra, Kachchh, Western parts of Haryana, and southern part of Punjab.
• They are sandy with low organic matter.
• It has low soluble salts and moisture with very low retaining capacity.
• If irrigated this soil gives a high agricultural return.
• These are suitable for less water-intensive crops like bajra, pulses, millets, maize, fodder, and guar.

The correct answer is Sharadindu Bandyopadhyay.

• Saradindu Bandopadhyay authored 32 Byomkesh stories from 1932 to 1970 prior to his death.
• The stories are all written in traditional formal Bengali language.
• The first story of 'Byomkesh Bakshi Stories’ was Satyanweshi in 1932.
• The last story of 'Byomkesh Bakshi Stories’ was Bishupal Bodh in 1970.

• The most brilliant and versatile Byomkesh Bakshi cinema is Chiriyakhana, directed by Oscar winning director Satyajit Ray.
• Saradindu Bandopadhyay published his first work, Jaubansmriti, a collection of poems in 1919.
• Kaler Mandira, GaurMallar,  Tumi Sandhyar Megh, and  Kumarsambhaber Kabi are fictions writtings of him.

The correct answer is 2 only.

In News

• ​The Himalayan trillium (Trillium govanianum), a common herb of the Himalayas was declared ‘endangered’ by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) last week. Hence, Statement 1 is NOT correct.

• In recent years, the plant has become one of the most traded commercial plants of the Himalayan region, due to its high medicinal quality.
• It is found in temperate and sub-alpine zones of the Himalayas, at an altitude from 2,400-4,000 metres above sea level.
• Their existence has also been traced across India, Bhutan, Nepal, China, Afghanistan and Pakistan.
• In India, it is found in four states only- Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Sikkim, and Uttarakhand.
• Often called Nagchatri, in local areas this herb grows to a height of 15-20 cm.

• Recent experiments have shown that the rhizome of the herb is a source of steroidal saponins and can be used as an anti-cancer and anti-ageing agent.

(b) Fuller capital account convertibility

1. Devagiri occupied a central location in India, and it was nearly equidistant from Delhi and other important cities in his Empire. 

2. He wanted his capital to be secure from the mongol invasions.

The person should have attained the age of 45 years

The absolute minimum number of times that Union Parliament must meet every year is 2

A Bill that seeks to amend the Constitution of India in terms of Article 368 

(d) No minimum age

The time table of the Union Parliament is controlled by the Union Cabinet

(d) All of the above

(b) Consolidated Fund of the State

a. to defeat Japan.

b. The Atom bomb was invented.

c. i) The American scientists

d. i) In America

e ii) in 1945

The correct answer is Harshavardhana.

Harshavardhana became king of Thanesar after the death of his father and elder brother.

• The year 600 CE saw the rise of emperor Harshavardhana whose biography the Harshacharita was written in Sanskrit by his courtesan Banbhatta.
• The story of Harshavardhana's life and the accounts of the Chinese traveler Xuan Zang is mentioned in the Harshacharita.
• Harshavardhana became the king of Thanesar after his father and elder brother died. His brother-in-law was the ruler of Kanauj and was killed by the ruler of Bengal.
• He took over Kanauj and then avenged his brother-in-law's death by taking over Bengal.
• He conquered both Magadha and Bengal, but his expedition in the Deccan was stopped by the Chalukyan Emperor Pulakesin II.

(c) A country can have a constitutional government even without a formal constitutional document

The correct answer is Little Boy.

• On August 6, 1945, during World War II, the United States dropped an atomic bomb on the city of Hiroshima, Japan.
• The bomb was known as "Little Boy", a uranium gun-type bomb that exploded with about thirteen kilotons of force.
• The bombing of Hiroshima, codenamed Operation Centerboard I, was approved by Curtis LeMay on August 4, 1945.
• The B-29 plane carried Little Boy.

• Three days after the United States dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima, a second atomic bomb was dropped on Nagasaki on August 9, 1945.
  • A 21-kiloton plutonium device known as "Fat Man”.
• The B-29 "Bockscar", piloted Major Charles Sweeney, was assigned to deliver the "Fat Man".

• On 16 July 1945, U.S. scientists working on the 'Manhatten Project' successfully detonated the first-ever nuclear explosion in the ‘Trinity’ test at Alamogordo, New Mexico.

The correct answer is Lord Reading.

• Lord Reading is the viceroy who appointed the 'Hilton Young commission' which led to the establishment of RBI.
• The Hilton Young Commission was appointed in 1926.
• It was also called the "royal commission".
• The Reserve Bank of India was established on 1st April 1935.

• Lord Reading is the British viceroy who abolished the Devadasi system in India.
• Railway budget and General budget were separated during the tenure of Lord Reading.
• Rowlatt Act was withdrawn by Lord Reading.

• Lord Irwin was the Indian viceroy during the arrival of the Simon Commission.
• Government of India Act 1935 was passed during the period of Lord Willington.
• Lord Linlithgow is the longest-serving viceroy of India.

The correct answer is Option 1.

• The Quit India resolution was passed on 8th August in 1942 in the Bombay Session of the All India Congress Committee by Mahatma Gandhi. Hence option 1 is correct.
• On 8 August 1940, the Viceroy Lord Linlithgow made a proposal called the August Offer which expanded the Executive Council to include more Indians. Hence option 2 is not correct.
• Congress ministries resigned in 1939, in opposition to the British decision to unilaterally announce India’s participation in Second World War. Hence option 3 is not correct.
• Cripps offer came in march 1942, which promised full dominion status for India after the Second World War. Hence option 4 is not correct.

The Constituent Assembly of India decided in May 1949 that India should become a Republic.

(a) There is a place for a monarch in a Republic 

India was not a State before15th August 1947, because it had no  Sovereignty 

The correct answer is Option 1.

• Kuka movement – Assam is the incorrect pair of the following.

Kuka movement – Punjab

• Kuka movement is an anti-British reaction.
• It was initiated in 1849 among the people in Punjab 1857.
• The Kukas is also known as Namdharis.
• They started as a group for religious purification in Sikhism under Sant Guru Ram Singh.
• The Namdhari movement was the most important phase.
  • It aimed at overthrowing British rule and played important role in the freedom struggle.
• This movement actively propagated the principles of boycott and non-co-operation given by Sant Guru Ram Singh who founded the Namdhari sect for the Namdharis.

​

Moplah rebellions – Malabar

• The Moplah Rebellion was a series of riots by Mappila Muslims of Kerala.
• It was started in the 19^th and early 20^th centuries against the British and the Hindu landlords in Malabar (Northern Kerala).
• It is also known as the Moplah Riots of 1921 which was an armed revolt.
• Variyamkunnath Kunjahammed Haji and Ali Musliyar was the main leader of this movement.
• The trigger of the uprising came from the Non-Cooperation Movement launched by Congress in 1920 along with the Khilafat agitation.
• The anti-British sentiment fuelled by these agitations affected the Muslim Mapillahs of the South Malabar region of Kerala.
• After the death of Tipu Sultan in 1799 in the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War, Malabar had come under British authority as part of the Madras Presidency.

​​​​Faraizi movement – Bengal

• Farazi movement was a religious movement.
• It started by Hazi Shariatullah in 1818 AD for Bengali Muslims to give up un-Islamic practices and follow their religious duties.
• The objective was to revive Islam and to improve the condition of Muslim peasants who were opposed by Hindu and British landlords.

The Correct Answer is 2 and 3 only.

• Aurang was a Persian term referred to as a warehouse.
• It is a place where goods are collected before being sold.
• The term also refers to a workshop. Hence Pair 1 is not Correct.
• The term banian means merchant.
• The banian was engaged by an individual western merchant or a firm to work for them as a broker, interpreter, and agent. Hence Pair 2 is Correct.
• Under the ryotwari settlement system, the government recognized mirasidars as the sole proprietors of land.
• They acted as the  Designated revenue payer to the State.Hence Pair 3 is Correct.

The correct answer is Hoshang Shah's Tomb - Delhi.

Hoshang Shah's Tomb - Mandu

• Hoshang Shah tomb was built by Hoshang Shah Ghori and is located at Mandu in Madhya Pradesh.
• Hoshang Shah tomb is considered the first marble tomb made in loving memory of Hoshang Shah.
• Hoshang Shah was the first Islamic king of the Malwa region of Central India and he was also known as Alp Khan before he took the title Hoshang Shah Gori after being crowned the ruler of Malwa.
• This tomb is reputed as the oldest marble mausoleum and it corned with the tiny crescent which is believed to be imported from Persia or Mesopotamia.

• The tomb of Hoshang Shah was impressed by Shah Jahan and he decided to send four of his architects before the construction of the Taj Mahal. 

Kanheri Caves - Mumbai

• Kanheri Caves is located in the Sanjay Gandhi National Park at  Borivali near Mumbai.
• The Kanheri Caves are a group of caves and rock-cut monuments comprise 109 basalt grottos that were carved between the first century BC and the 10th century AD.
• The Kanheri Caves are accessible by steep stone steps.
• The first cave visitors reach is Great Chaitya, featuring a large meditation hall full of intricate stone carvings and pillars.
• The two caves on both sides of Chaitya contain small stupas and more beautifully preserved carvings.

​Hazara Ram Temple-Hampi

• Hazara Rama Temple is located at Hampi in Karnataka.
• Hazara Rama Temple is an important shrine in Hampi. 
  • This small but beautiful temple is located at the center of the royal area.
• The temple is dedicated to Lord Rama, a Hindu deity.
• It was once the private temple of the kings and the royal family of Vijayanagara.
• The temple is famous for the lovely bas relics and panels depicting the story of the epic Ramayana.

​Kandariya Mahadev Temple - Khajuraho

• Kandariya Mahadev Temple is located in the Khajuraho village in the Chhatarpur district of Madhya Pradesh and was built by the powerful Chandela king Vidyadhara 
• Kandariya Mahadev Temple is one of the most imposing structures in the Western group of Khajuraho, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. 
• Kandariya Mahadev Temple is the largest, tallest, and most ornate temple of the surviving temples at Khajuraho.
• This temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva.
• This stunning temple is around 31m tall, and is one of the western groups of temples, apart from Matangeswara and Vishwanatha temples.

The Preamble to the Constitution defines the four objectives or the Indian Republic. Find the odd one out Harmony

The first Independence Day (August 15, 1947) fell on a  Friday

The Constitution is supreme as it controls all the three wings, viz. the executive, the legislature and the judiciary

(c) Dense equatorial forest, in the Amazon basin, characterized by tall broad-leaved evergreen trees, epiphytes, lianas, etc.

The expression 'Justice' in the Preamble to the Indian Constitution is used to indicate social, economic and political justice

The correct answer is phytoplankton.

• An ecosystem can be defined as a community where living beings co-exist in their physical environment and interact with each other to maintain the lifecycle and facilitate the flow of energy and nutrients. It consists of two main components – biotic and abiotic. 
• Biotic components include plants, animals, and other living organisms.
• The physical elements in an ecosystem such as temperature, minerals, rainfall, humidity make up the abiotic components.
• Ecosystems can be found anywhere and vary greatly in terms of size and types. It can range from a garden, freshwater ponds to vast oceans and forests.

• There are two types of ecosystem -
  • Natural Ecosystem - These are ecosystems that occur naturally and can survive without any intervention from human beings. Examples of natural ecosystems are forests, mountains, rivers, etc.
  • Human-made or Artificial Ecosystem – When human beings modify the already existing ecosystem to meet their purpose or create an ecosystem of their own that mimics the natural condition, those are called artificial ecosystems. Examples of this type of ecosystem include aquariums, crop fields, gardens, dams, lakes, pond etc.
    • This is because Pond and Lakes can be artificial as well. But forest can only thrive as a natural habitat.

Explanation:

• Phytoplankton are the primary producers in the marine food chain and hence they are called the ‘grass of the sea’.
• Phytoplankton obtain their energy through photosynthesis, as do trees and other plants on land.
• This means phytoplankton must have light from the sun, so they live in the well-lit surface layers (euphotic zone) of oceans and lakes.

The pairs of Aquatic Food Chain:

5 apical meristems

The correct option is (c) 5.

∙ Apical Meristems are always likely to present at the growing apices. 

∙ 4 growing apex of the branches and 1 growing apex of the main plant axis.

∙ Therefore the plant with 4 branches and 26 leaves will have 5 shoot apical meristems.