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In Presidential government, the Executive is not responsible to the legislature. It is based on the principle of ‘Separation of powers’. It is known as non-responsible system or fixed executive system. E.g. USA.

Features of presidential government.:

1. Separation of powers: The Presidential government is based on Montesquieu concept of “separation of powers”. The concept of separation powers contend that the legislature, executive and judiciary must be independent of each other and function independently. Legislature performs the task of law making, executive law implementation and judiciary interpretation of laws.

2. Checks and Balances: Presidential government is based on checks and balances. Though the legislature, executive and judiciary function independently, complete separation is not only desirable but also impractical. To maintain the exercise of power balanced, controlled and wide spread each organ is given a fair degree of power in one another ’s functional area.

3. Executive is not responsible to legislature: The president in U S.A is directly elected by the people and hence is not responsible to legislature. The president can’t participate in the proceedings of the congress. He can neither initiate a bill nor pilots it. The President is not accountable to anyone but the constitution and the people.

4. Real Executive: In presidential government, the president is directly elected by the people. The president is not only the real executive but also the head of government. He is directly responsible for all happenings in the country.

5. Secretaries directly responsible to president: The secretaries known as presidents’ ‘Brain Trust’ are appointed by the president and stay in office as long as they enjoy the confidence of the president. The President may remove any secretary without assigning any reason. Secretaries are neither responsible to congress nor to the people but to the president. The President can hire or fire secretaries.

6. Fixed Tenure: The President does not depend on the congress for his survival. He is directly elected for a period of 4 years and lasts his full term. He cannot be removed from office except on grounds of inefficiency and proven misbehavior through an impeachment motion.

According to Municipal Corporation Act of 1976, the functions of Corporation may be classified into

1. Obligatory functions 

2. Discretionary functions

1. Obligatory functions: 

• Construction and maintenance of public roads, streets, bridges, markets, drains, dispensaries, etc. 
• To make the boundaries of the Municipal Corporation limits.
• Making arrangements for conservancy drainage, removal of garbage, etc. 
• Lighting and watering of public streets. 
• Supply of filtered water for drinking purposes and unfiltered water for other purp see. 
• Maintenance of public health, vaccination, etc. 
• Regulation of sale of food, drugs, milk, etc. , 
• Establishing and maintaining schools for primary education etc.

2. Discretionary functions: 

• Construction and maintenance of libraries, museums, rest houses, gardens. 
• Taking census, arranging and maintaining means of transport. 
• Maintaining diary forms set up and maintain institutions for sick or incurable etc. 
• Organising and maintaining maternity and welfare centres for infant.

The 73^rd constitutional amendment act which came in to force on 1993 can be explained its provisions as below: 

• 73^rd constitutional amendment act provides reservation to SC, ST, Backward class women. 
• The Panchayats can mobilize their revenue sources. 
• Elections should be need within 6 months. 
• The power to constitution of committees is rests with the state government. 
• Members of parliament and assembly are enjoying the membership in Panchayats.
• The members of Panchayats have to elect by the elections. 
• lire age limit to contest the election is fixed to 21 years. 
• The state election commission is the authority to conduct the elections. 
• The Panchayats have power to impose tax. 
• State finance commission has been established to review the finances of Panchayats. 
• Panchayats can prepare and enforce the plans for economic and social development.

Correct Answer is: (b) Industrial

Diarchy is Dual government.

Burma (now Myanmar) was separated from India in 1935

The correct answer is Karnataka.

• Jaggahalige Kunita
  • This is a folk art of the Hubballi Dharwad region (particularly the village of Byahatti), which is performed on occasions such as Ugadi and Holi.
  • The Jagghalige is a percussion instrument made from a bullock cart wheel wrapped in buffalo hide.
  • The villagers roll out the large instruments and march in procession.
  • The performance is directed by a choreographer playing a much-smaller percussion instrument called the Kanihaligi, made of clay and covered with calf hide.
  • The performance usually involves about 15 people.

• Karadi Majalu
  • This is a popular group of folk music in north Karnataka, performed during occasions and in processions.
  • The Karadi or Karade is the percussion instrument used by the group.
  • It is a palm-sized cymbal producing metallic sounds, and the shehnai produces the melody.
• Krishna Parijatha
  • Krishna Parijatha is a theatre popular in North Karnataka.
  • It is a combination of Yakshagana and Bayalata, portraying stories or scenes from the Mahabharata

The correct answer is Barmer - Sanchore basin.

• From Barmer - Sanchore basin area of Rajasthan, the maximum crude oil production was received in the year 2017 - 18 (up to Dec. 2017).

• Barmer - Sanchore basin 
  • Barmer-Sanchore basin is of Tertiary Age.
  • It lies in districts Barmer and Part of Jalore.
  • It is an Intracratonic type of basin.
  • The Barmer-Sanchore basin has been subdivided into 2 depressions:
    • Barmer depression in the north and
    • Sanchor depression in the south
  • In Barmer-Sanchore basin 38 oil fields have been discovered till now.
  • Important oil fields
    • Mangla,
    • Bhagyam,
    • Shakti
    • Ashwariya 
    • Saraswati,
    • Raageshwari,
    • Kaameshwari

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• Rajasthan Basin
  • Rajasthan basin has been divided into four petroleum basins.
  • These four basins are spread over in 14 Districts of Western & Eastern Rajasthan.
  • The first three petroleum basins of Rajasthan comes into the category- I, i.e. equivalent to the Bombay High, Cambay Basin and Assam, which are potential for hydrocarbons prospects.
• Bikaner - Naguar basin
  • Bikaner - Naguar basin is of Barmer-Sanchore Basin is of Tertiary Age. 
  • It covers some part of Bikaner, Nagaur, Ganganagar/Hanumangarh.
• Jaisalmer basin
  • Jaisalmer basin is of ​Mesozoic & Cenozoic age.
  • It covers Jaisalmer and Jodhpur.

The correct answer is Hyderabad & Mumbai.

• United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has included Mumbai and Hyderabad in its network of 'Creative Cities' among the 66 cities selected on the occasion of World Cities Day 2019 (31st October).
  • With the addition of 66 new cities, the UNESCO Creative Cities Network counts a total of 246 cities.
• Mumbai has been designated as Creative City of Films and Hyderabad as a Creative City of Gastronomy.
• Earlier, Indian cities like Chennai and Varanasi have been included in UNESCO Cities of Music while Jaipur has been included in the City of Crafts and Folk Arts.​

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• UNESCO Creative Cities Network (UCCN)
  • It was created in 2004.
  • Currently (2019), 246 cities make up this network which aims towards a common objective of placing creativity and cultural industries at the heart of their development plans at the local level and cooperating actively at the international level.
  • The UNESCO Creative Cities aims to achieve Sustainable Development Goals through innovative thinking and action.
  • Also, cities are championing sustainable development actions that directly benefit communities at the urban level.
  • Sustainable Development Goal 11 aims for Sustainable Cities and Communities.
  • The network covers seven creative fields: crafts and folk arts, media arts, film, design, gastronomy, literature and music.

• World Cities Day 2019
  • The United Nations General Assembly has designated the 31st of October as World Cities Day.
  • The theme for World Cities Day,2019 is, “Changing the world: innovations and a better life for future generations”.

Burma (now Myanmar) was separated from India in 1935

Is there No a provision in the Indian Constitution conferring a right to recall a legislator 

The correct answer is RAJ - 171.

• RAJ - 171 is a variety of millet.
• The Raj-171 variety is grown for dry fodder and grain in areas having normal and scanty rainfall and ripens in a period of 80 to 85 days.

• IR - 8- IR8 is a high-yielding semi-dwarf rice variety developed by the International Rice Research Institute in the early 1960s. In November 1966, IR8 was introduced in the Philippines and India.
• MP - 4010- It is a variety of wheat.

The correct answer is Naharkatia-Nunmati-Barauni Pipeline.

• This was the first pipeline constructed in India to bring crude oil from Naharkatia (Assam) oilfield to Nunmati (Assam).
• It was extended to transport crude oil to the refinery at Barauni in Bihar. 
• Total Length of the pipeline 1167 km.
• It is now extended to Kanpur in Uttar Pradesh.
• The pipeline between Naharkatia and Nunmati became operative in 1962 and that between Nunmati and Barauni in 1964.

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• Mumbai High-Mumbai-Ankleshwar-Kayoli Pipeline is a 210 km long double-pipeline that connects Mumbai with Mumbai High.
  • Ankleshwar-Koyali pipeline was completed in 1965.
  • It transports crude oil from Ankleshwar oilfield to the Koyali refinery.
• Hajira-Bijapur-Jagdishpur (HBJ) Gas Pipeline is the longest pipeline of India having a length of 1750 km.
  • It was established by the Gas Authority of India.  

The correct answer is Rajni Kothari.

• Rajni Kothari has called the district Collector as 'Institutional Charisma'.

• Rajni Kothari (16 August 1928 – 19 January 2015) was an Indian political scientist, political theorist, academic and writer.
•  He was the founder of the Centre for the Study of Developing Societies (CSDS) in 1963, a social sciences and humanities research institute, based in Delhi and Lokayan (Dialogue of the People), started in 1980 as a forum for interaction between activists and intellectuals.
• He was also associated with Indian Council of Social Science Research, International Foundation for Development Alternatives, and People's Union for Civil Liberties.

(1) The East Godavari district in Andhra Pradesh was affected by the cyclone.

(2) The boats in the storm are compared to toys in a bathtub.

(3) People on the coast lost their lives when walls and houses collapsed and trees were uprooted by the fierce storm.

(4) The phrases are :
(a) bear the brunt of
(b) raged across.

Answer is a. Hassle

Ripple is the fluctuating AC component present in rectified DC output. The output of a rectifier may either be DC current or voltage. In view of this, AC fluctuating component present in DC output voltage is called voltage ripple and that in DC current output is called current ripple.

This shape reduces the weight and cost of the beam and is much stronger.  

The Correct option is (c) ΔU = 0 

(a) HCl and NaOH 

 Calorie represents largest amount of energy.

(c) enthalpy remains unaffected 

B. emission of photon

C. both A and B

The Correct option is B. waves

The Correct option is A. 121 nm

D. all of above

The Correct option is A. particles

The Correct option is D. J s

C. 3.4 × 10^-36 m

D. absorption line spectra

D. isolated atoms

The Correct option is B. particle

A. 7 × 10^-7 m

C. frequency

The Correct option is B. surface

D. matter waves

The Correct option is B. photons

The Correct option is C. 10⁹ V

A. arrangement of atoms in metals

D. threshold frequency

C. increases

The Correct option is A. 10^-15 m

A. quantized

C. high resistance

Correct option is (C) primary structure 

Primary structure of protein is unaffected by physical 'or' chemical changes.

The strength of the tree lies in its root. The root is the source of the tree’s life. It is the most sensitive because it has been hidden for years inside the earth and once the root is exposed to sun and air, it shrivels and withers and the tree dies.

Correct option is B) what started the fire

Correct option is A) what she bought