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(c) Law of octaves

1. Take two solid objects, say a pen and a book. 

2. Put them in different containers.

3. We observe that there is no change in their shape or volume. 

4. Drop a book on the floor. 

5. If will not flow like a liquid, but remain rigid. 

6. These activities prove that solids have definite shape and a fixed volume.

Fluid is a substance which can flow easily.

1. average 

2. 18th 

3. atomic masses 

4. Mercury

Two limitations of Mendeleev's Periodic Table are :

(i) The position of isotopes could not be explained.

(ii) No fixed position for hydrogen

There are 18 groups and 7 periods in the modern periodic table.

Elements in the modem periodic table are arranged in 18 groups and 7 periods.

No, CNG does not have a fixed volume.

1. (e) Dobereiner 

2. (d) Sodium 

3. (a) Newlands 

4. (b) Calcium 

5. (c) Henry Moseley

(d) Somewhere near woods and a frozen lake

• All the elements are arranged in the increasing order of their atomic number .
• The horizontal rows are called periods. There are seven periods in the periodic table. 
• The elements are placed in periods based on the number of shells in their atoms.
• Vertical columns in the periodic table starting from top to bottom are called groups. There are 18 groups in the periodic table. 
• Based on the physical and chemical properties of elements, they are grouped into various families.

Limitations of Mendeleev’s periodic table:

• Elements with large difference in properties were included in the same group. Eg: Hard metals like copper (Cu) and silver (Ag) were included along with soft metals like sodium (Na) and potassium (K).
• No proper position could be given to the element hydrogen. Non-metallic hydrogen was placed along with metals like lithium (Li), sodium (Na) and potassium (K).
• The increasing order of atomic mass was not strictly followed throughout. Eg. Co & Ni, Te &I.
• No place for isotopes in the periodic table.

• The horizontal rows are called periods. There are seven periods in the periodic table. 
• Vertical columns in the periodic table starting from top to bottom are called groups. There are 18 groups in the periodic table.

C) LPG is compressible

C) Compressed Natural Gas

A) compressibility

Correct option is B) Gases

Certain solids change directly to a gas without passing through the liquid is called sublimation.

On behalf of this poem the poet discusses about the importance of the nature in the life of a human being. The poet says that the nature is the gift of God to men. The men should come into the contact of nature and enjoy its beauty. The poet clears that nature is the source of inspiration which advises men to avoid the company of this materialistic world which is mortal but the nature is the way by which we can achieve the target of our life to achieve immortality in this mortal world.

The poet says that the man has been granted limited duration of life which must not be wasted by staying at a particular place. We ought to proceed onward and carry on our journey. By doing so we can visit this world more and more. He means to say that before our death we should fulfil our duties and liabilities.

इस कविता के माध्यम से कवि मानव जीवन में प्रकृति के महत्त्व को दर्शाता है। कवि कहता है कि, प्रकृति मानव के लिए भगवान का एक उपहार है। मानव को प्रकृति के सम्पर्क में आकर इसकी सुन्दरता का आनन्द लेना चाहिए। कवि स्पष्ट करता है कि प्रकृति प्रेरणा का साधन है जो मानव को इस भौतिक संसार से दूर रहने की सलाह देती है जो कि नश्वर है लेकिन प्रकृति वो मार्ग है जिसके माध्यम से हम अपने जीवन का लक्ष्य प्राप्त कर सकते हैं जो कि इस नश्वर संसार में अमरता प्राप्त करना है।

कवि कहता है कि मानव को एक जीवन एक निश्चित समयावधि के लिए दिया गया है जिसे एक स्थान विशेष पर ठहर कर बर्बाद नहीं करना चाहिए। इसलिए हमें जीवन रूपी यात्रा को लगातार आगे से आगे बढ़ाते रहना चाहिए। ऐसा करने पर हम संसार की अधिकाधिक यात्रा कर सकते हैं। कहने का आशय है कि हमें अपनी चिरनिद्रा में सोने से पहले अपने कर्तव्यों तथा उत्तरदायित्वों को अवश्य पूरा कर लेना चाहिए।

This poem has been composed by the poet Robert Frost as an expression of a mood. The language of the poem is full of suggestion in which we find directive and command nature of the poet. The words have been used easy and full of inspiration There is perfect sense of international touch in the language. There is not perfect use of provincial language. The poet uses directive sense. which encourages the readers to obey the command of the poet and adopt his advice as an objective of the life of human being.

The words are simple and the phrases contain deep thoughts which touch the inner part of the soul and developes the sense of great emotions in the heart and mentality of the readers. The poet uses personification to communicate to the nature. The rhyming scheme is based on the pattern of AABA and full of illustrations.

यह कविता कवि रॉबर्ट फ्रॉस्ट द्वारा मनोदशा की एक अभिव्यक्ति के रूप में लिखी गई है। कविता की भाषा सुझावों से भरी हुई है जिसमें हमें आदेश तथा निर्देश के भाव मिलते हैं। शब्द आसान तथा प्रेरणा से भरे भाषा में पूर्ण अन्तर्राष्ट्रीय भावना का स्पर्श है। इसमें पूर्ण रूप से क्षेत्रीय भाषा का समावेश नहीं है। कवि निर्देशात्मक भाव प्रयोग करता है जो पाठक को कवि के आदेशों की पालना करने के लिए प्रोत्साहित करता है।

तथा उसकी सलाह को मानव जीवन में एक उद्देश्य की तरह अपना लेना चाहिए। शब्द आसान है तथा शब्द समूहों में गहरे भाव हैं जो कि आत्मा के आन्तरिक भावों को छू लेते हैं तथा पाठक के दिल और दिमाग में गहरी भावनाएँ उत्पन्न करते हैं। कवि प्रकृति से बात करने के लिए मानवीकरण का प्रयोग करता है। कविता की रेमिंग स्कीम, काव्यशैली AABA पद्धति पर आधारित है तथा उदाहरणों से भरी हुई है।

1. (c) Made up of molecules 

2. (b) Impure substance 

3. (a) Settles down on standing 

4. (d) Pure substances

5. (e) Made up of atoms

The traveller is really captivated by the lovely woods. He is supposed to discharge his duties on time. He promises himself to keep his word. So he has to leave the lovely woods to keep his word.

The poet shows great relation between man and natural elements. He says that there is perfect understanding between man and nature. Such as the horse of the poet understands his mental condition and tries to ask his complication of staying amid the nature. The frozen lake and the woodland tell the thoughts of stillness of the poet and his action of hopelessness but on other hand blowing air and dropping of snow make him active to go further before his death.

कवि मानव तथा प्रकृति के तत्त्वों के बीच गहरा सम्बन्ध दर्शाता है। वह कहता है कि मानव तथा प्रकृति । के बीच गहरी समझ है। जैसे कि कवि का घोड़ा उसकी मनोदशा को समझ लेता है तथा कवि की प्रकृति के मध्य रुकने की समस्या को जानने की कोशिश करता है। जमी हुई झील तथा जंगल कवि की शान्त मनोदशा को दर्शाता है तथा उसके निराशा के कार्य को दर्शाता है लेकिन दूसरी तरफ हवा को चलना तथा बर्फ के कणों । का गिरना कवि को सक्रिय बनाता है तथा मृत्यु से पहले आगे बढ़ने के लिए सक्रिय बनाता है।

1. homogeneous 

2. Naphthalene 

3. distillation 

4. fractional distillation 

5. absorptions

(a) village: Life in my village, I long to live. 

(b) wind: Wind was twisting the heads of trees. 

(c) frozen: With frozen heart I stared at the remains of my dear friend.

(d) promise: Let every day of yours dawn, with the promises of new light.

The poet promises himself to carry on his journey and go further miles and miles before sleeping. The poet clears that staying at a particular place is the sign of death so that we must remain active and go ahead during our life time. This world is full of diversity and beauty as well as the knowledge so that the human being should come into contact of nature in order to enjoy the liberty of life and get the opportunity of achieving the target of life.

कवि स्वयं से अपनी यात्रा को जारी रखने का वायदा करता है तथा सोने से पहले कई मील आगे जाना चाहता है। कवि स्पष्ट करता है कि एक स्थान विशेष पर ठहरना मृत्यु का प्रतीक है इसलिए हमें सतर्क रहना चाहिए तथा अपने जीवन काल में आगे बढ़ना चाहिए। यह संसार विविधता एवं सुन्दरता से भरा हुआ है तथा ज्ञान का भण्डार है इसलिए मानव को जीवन की आजादी का आनंद लेने के लिए प्रकृति के सम्पर्क में आना चाहिए तथा जीवन का लक्ष्य प्राप्त करने के अवसर को प्राप्त कर लेना चाहिए।

D) Liquefied Petroleum Gas

1. The main constituents of ice cream are fat, milk solids (skim-milk powder), sugar, gelatin, egg and flavouring. 

2. Lemonade is a mixture of lemon juice, sugar and water. 

3. Air is a mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapour and other gases.

4. Soil is a mixture of clay, sand and various salts.

1. Miscible liquids – Fractional distillation (Fractionating column and Liebig) Condenser 

2. Immiscible liquids – Separating funnel

The mixture turns turbid, because of emulsion, (Disperse phase and Dispersion medium are liquid).

(a) Separating funnel

He told him to take his gold and his swiftest horse.

He believed in God.

Yes. He was very Jcind to the stranger.

Yes Yussouf Was called “The Good”?

Yes he go to the tent for food and shelter.

He said to him that he was an outcast and was chased by enemies. He requested him to provide him shelter.

A stranger came to Yussoufs tent.

No. He was not angry with the stranger.

The stranger by name Ibrahim.

The kindness shown by Yussouf (the inward light) made the stranger’s face grand.

The word “He” refers to the horse of the poet. “He”

शब्द यहाँ कवि के घोड़े के लिए प्रयुक्त हुआ है।

1. mistake – error 

2. downy flakes – soft snow falling 

3. woods – jungle 

4. queer – strange

harness bells, sound of wind, sound of soft feathers like snow flakes falling.

Frozen carbon dioxide, is dry ice or cardice.

Anything which has mass and occupies space (volume) is called matter.

Complete the following table:

1. False.

Correct Statement: Supernatant denotes the liquid lying above a solid residue after crystallization, precipitation, centrifugation or other process

2. True

3. True

4. False.

Correct Statement: In Aerosol, The dispersed phase is solid and the dispersion medium is gas.

5. True

6. False.

Correct Statement: Gases possess very high kinetic energy.

7 True