Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

1. When total internal reflection occurs from a prism, the entire incident light is reflected back into the denser medium. 

2. Whereas in ordinary reflection from a plane mirror, some light is refracted and absorbed. So the reflection is partial.

3. This is the reasons why total reflecting prism is used in place of a plane mirror to deviate the light ray by 90° in a periscope and 180° in a binocular.

D) between focus and centre of curvature

Object should be placed between f and 2f.

Refraction of light.

No. Bending will be different in different liquids since velocity of light at the interface separating two media depends on the relative refractive index of the medium. A substance having higher refractive index is optically denser than another substance having lower refractive index. Thus higher the refractive index of a substance, more it will change the direction of a beam of light passing through it.

ϕ = (NAB/k) l 

Where, N is number of turns B Magnetic field A 

Area of the coil , K is torsional constant of the spring. 

12 to 18 cm.

Around 40-80 cm.

342239 sq. km.

Every mineral is used as a raw material in the industry, and on the other hand, it also increases the state’s revenue and employment. In the mineral industry of the state, about 5 lakh people are employed either directly or indirectly. The government also earns income by the sale of these minerals.

Rajasthan enjoys monopoly in the production of Soapstone stone.

(a) 3.07 hectare

(a) 14371.61 megawatt

INR 511 crore.

Churn and Jaisalmer.

North-western part.

In 1979 Rajasthan State Mineral Development Commission (RSMDC) established.

In Alwar is slate stone found.

At the First place.

The road is a thoroughfare, route, or way on land between two places, that has been paved or otherwise improved to allow travel by foot or some form of conveyance, including a motor vehicle. It is a base for every tourist spot. And, failure to maintain roads properly can create significant costs for the society.

Comfort Want. 

Comforts are those wants that make our life comfortable. In the above illustration, the purchase of a two-wheeler vehicle will make my travel easier. It is not a necessity, it is for my comfort

Correct Answer is  Food

Necessity Want and Utility:

Want is referred to as a need of a person. Here, in the above case, the blanket is a need of Raju’s mother, which falls under necessity want.

 The utility is a power of a commodity or service to satisfy human wants. Here, in the above case, the blanket provides utility to Raju’s mother by giving her warmth during winter.

Comforts Want:

A commodity that provides comfort to our life is termed comfort goods. In the above case, the washing machine provides comfort to Alka, as she does not need to wash clothes with her hands anymore.

Investment. 

Investment refers to the creation of capital assets through mobilisation of savings. In the above case, Mr. Ram’s father mobilises his savings of provident fund into a business of grocery store, which is called as Investment.

In Three Ways.

Into two parts.

Investment. 

Investment refers to the creation of capital assets through the mobilization of savings. In the above case, Sahil mobilizes his bank savings into investment in a fruit shop.

Labour. 

Labour means any kind of physical or mental effort/exertion undergone during the process of production against a certain reward. In the above case, labour makes furniture and earns wages as a reward.

Data is a numerical or non-numerical transcript of facts, observation and things.

Kautilya’s ‘Arthashastra’.

Macro-economics. 

Macroeconomics means studying the economy at a large or whole. It includes the study of total employment, total savings, total consumption, aggregate supply, aggregate demand, etc. In the above case, the study of the whole country’s income leads to the measurement of the economic performance of a country.

(c) A science of interpretation and analysis of data

In Kautilya’s Arthashastra, many facts related to the governance, social order, warfare, etc. are related to statistics.

Data is compiled with the help of statistical methods, and by presenting them in an appropriate manner they are made comparable and understandable. It helps in arriving at right conclusions. Statistical methods include compilation of data, classification of data, tabulation, presentation, analysis, interpretation, prediction, which work in a fixed pattern.

The reasons for the more extensive use of data in the modem age are as follows 

1. At present, demand for data is increasing. 

2. Conclusions based on data, saves time and labour. 

3. The use of statistical methods has reduced the cost of research work.

British Scholar Lord Kelvin has written about Statistics, “If you can measure the subject which you are talking about and express it in numbers, then only you know something about it. But if you cannot measure it or express it in numbers, then your knowledge about that subject is less and unsatisfactory in nature”.

The word ‘Statistics’ was first used by German scholar and mathematician Gottfried Achenwall in 1749 in Germany.

Since statistical science is based on the data of state policies, therefore it is called science of the state mechanism or the science of emperors. The king collects data on various subjects and on the basis of that data he takes decisions and makes future polices.

Following are the two limitations of Statistics : 

1. Study of numerical facts only. 

2. Study of groups and not of individual units.

The second meaning of the word “statistics” implies those methods used in statistics, under which all principles and tips come which are used to compile the details of quantity analysis and interpretation.

Following are the two parts of Applied Statistics 

1. Descriptive Statistics 

2. Scientific Applied Statistics.

The scope of statistics was very limited in ancient times. Statistics originated in the form of science of kings. But in the modem era the field of this science has become very extensive. In fact, statistical methods are widely used in every science as an instrument. It is true that science is incomplete without statistics and statistics without science.

Statistical procedure is not the only procedure of study of problems. Conclusions derived from statistical procedure should be regarded to be correct only when this is proved with the help of other procedures such as deductive reasoning or any other related facts.

With statistical methods, unqualified and incapable people will not be able to arrive at conclusions or might arrive at the wrong conclusions. Therefore Yule and Kendall have stated,” Statistical procedures in the hand of unqualified persons prove to be disastrous weapons.

According to Seligman, “Statistics is the science which deals with the method of collection, classifying, presenting, comparing and interpreting numerical data collected to throw some light on any sphere of enquiry”.

Following are the two limitation of statistics:

• Study of only numerical facts only : Statistics studies only the quantitative data. It does not study qualitative data. Therefore, only those problems are studied which can be expressed in numerical terms only. 
• Study of group and not of individual units : Under statistics, the characteristics of a group are studied. 

Example : average income per person of a country. This type of information throws light on the collective characteristics.

2, 4, 5, 8, 14, 25

A discrete series of frequency array is that series in which data are presented in a way that exact measurement of items are clearly shown.