125876 + Interview Questions in General QA

1.	9 के अभाज्य गुणनखण्ड बताइए।
Answer» 9 के अभाज्य गुणनखण्ड = 3 x 3

Discussion

2.	रिक्त स्थानों की पूर्ति कीजिए।1. प्रत्येक संख्या _____की _____होती है।2. प्रत्येक संख्या का पूर्ण विभाजक उसका _____ होता है।3. किसी संख्या का प्रत्येक अपवर्तक उस संख्या से छोटा या उसके _____ होता है।4. प्रत्येक संख्या अपने _____का एक अपवर्त्य होती है।5. 78 के अपवर्तक हैं _____
Answer» 1. स्वयं , अपवर्तक 2. अपवर्तक 3. बराबर 4. अपवर्तक 5. 1, 2, 3, 6, 13, 26, 39, 78.

2.

रिक्त स्थानों की पूर्ति कीजिए।1. प्रत्येक संख्या ___की _होती है।2. प्रत्येक संख्या का पूर्ण विभाजक उसका _ होता है।3. किसी संख्या का प्रत्येक अपवर्तक उस संख्या से छोटा या उसके _ होता है।4. प्रत्येक संख्या अपने _का एक अपवर्त्य होती है।5. 78 के अपवर्तक हैं ___

Answer»

1. स्वयं , अपवर्तक

2. अपवर्तक

3. बराबर

4. अपवर्तक

5. 1, 2, 3, 6, 13, 26, 39, 78.

Discussion

3.	रिक्त स्थानों की पूर्ति कीजिए-(i) वे संख्याएँ जिनके दो या दो अधिक अपवर्तक होते हैं ____कहलाती हैं।(ii) वे संख्याएँ जिनके अपवर्तक 1 और स्वयं वह संख्या होती है, ____ कहलाती है।(iii) एक न तो भाज्य और न ही ____ है।(iv) एक संख्या के अपवर्त्य 7, 14, 21, 28, हैं। वह संख्या ____ है।
Answer» (i) भाज्य संख्याएँ (ii) अभाज्य संख्याएँ (iii) अभाज्य (iv) 7

3.

रिक्त स्थानों की पूर्ति कीजिए-(i) वे संख्याएँ जिनके दो या दो अधिक अपवर्तक होते हैं कहलाती हैं।(ii) वे संख्याएँ जिनके अपवर्तक 1 और स्वयं वह संख्या होती है, कहलाती है।(iii) एक न तो भाज्य और न ही है।(iv) एक संख्या के अपवर्त्य 7, 14, 21, 28, हैं। वह संख्या है।

Answer»

(i) भाज्य संख्याएँ

(ii) अभाज्य संख्याएँ

(iii) अभाज्य

(iv) 7

Discussion

4.	चार अंकों की सबसे बड़ी संख्या लिखिए और उसे अभाज्य गुणनखण्ड के रूप में व्यक्त कीजिए।
Answer» चार अंकों की सबसे बड़ी संख्या = 9999 का अभाज्य गुणनखण्ड = 3 x 3 x 11 x 101

Discussion

5.	पाँच अंकों की सबसे छोटी संख्या लिखिए और उसे अभाज्य गुणनखण्ड के रूप में व्यक्त कीजिए।
Answer» पाँच अंकों की सबसे छोटी संख्या = 10000 1000 का अभाज्य गुणनखण्ड = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 5 x 5 x 5 x 5

5.

पाँच अंकों की सबसे छोटी संख्या लिखिए और उसे अभाज्य गुणनखण्ड के रूप में व्यक्त कीजिए।

Answer»

पाँच अंकों की सबसे छोटी संख्या = 10000

1000 का अभाज्य गुणनखण्ड = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 5 x 5 x 5 x 5

Discussion

6.	तीन लकड़ी के लट्ठे क्रमशः 36 मी, 45 मी तथा 63 मी लम्बे हैं। इनमें से कोई बराबर लम्बाई के छोटे-छोटे गुटकों में बाँटना है। प्रत्येक गुटके की अधिकतम लम्बाई है-(i) 9 मी(ii) 18 मी(iii) 51 मी(vi) 4.5 मी
Answer» (i) 9 मी गुटके की अधिकतम लम्बाई

Discussion

7.	निम्नांकित के प्रथम पाँच अपवर्त्य लिखिए –(i) 13(ii) 23(iii) 26(iv) 40
Answer» (i) 13 = 13, 26, 39, 52, 65 (ii) 23 = 23, 46, 69, 92, 115 (iii) 26 = 26, 52, 78, 104, 130 (iv) 40 = 40, 80, 120, 160, 200

7.

निम्नांकित के प्रथम पाँच अपवर्त्य लिखिए –(i) 13(ii) 23(iii) 26(iv) 40

Answer»

(i) 13 = 13, 26, 39, 52, 65

(ii) 23 = 23, 46, 69, 92, 115

(iii) 26 = 26, 52, 78, 104, 130

(iv) 40 = 40, 80, 120, 160, 200

Discussion

8.	दो संख्याओं का म०स० 16 तथा उनका गुणनफल 6400 है, उनका ल०स० ज्ञात कीजिए।
Answer» ल०स० x म०स० = दोनों संख्याओं का गुणनफल ल०स० x 16 = 6400 ल०स० = 400

8.

दो संख्याओं का म०स० 16 तथा उनका गुणनफल 6400 है, उनका ल०स० ज्ञात कीजिए।

Answer»

ल०स० x म०स० = दोनों संख्याओं का गुणनफल

ल०स० x 16 = 6400

ल०स० = 400

Discussion

9.	क्या दो संख्याओं का म०स० 14 तथा उनका ल०स०204 हो सकता है? उत्तर की पुष्टि में कारण दीजिए।
Answer» 204 (ल०स०), 14 (म०स०) से पूर्णतया विभाज्य नहीं है। अतः दो संख्याओं का म०स० 14 तथा उनका ल०स० 204 नहीं हो सकता।

9.

क्या दो संख्याओं का म०स० 14 तथा उनका ल०स०204 हो सकता है? उत्तर की पुष्टि में कारण दीजिए।

Answer»

204 (ल०स०), 14 (म०स०) से पूर्णतया विभाज्य नहीं है।

अतः दो संख्याओं का म०स० 14 तथा उनका ल०स० 204 नहीं हो सकता।

Discussion

10.	दो संख्याओं का मैस० 35 और उनका ल०स० 525 है। उनमें एक संख्या 175 है तो दूसरी संख्या निम्नांकित में से कौन-सी होंगी?(i) 25.(ii) 49(iii) 63(iv) 105
Answer» (iv) 105 प्रथम संख्या x दूसरी संख्या = म०स० x ल०स०. 175 x दूसरी संख्या = 35 x 525 दूसरी संख्या = 35x 525/175 = 105 अतः दूसरी संख्या = 105

10.

दो संख्याओं का मैस० 35 और उनका ल०स० 525 है। उनमें एक संख्या 175 है तो दूसरी संख्या निम्नांकित में से कौन-सी होंगी?(i) 25.(ii) 49(iii) 63(iv) 105

Answer»

(iv) 105

प्रथम संख्या x दूसरी संख्या = म०स० x ल०स०.

175 x दूसरी संख्या = 35 x 525

दूसरी संख्या = 35x 525/175 = 105

अतः दूसरी संख्या = 105

Discussion

11.	Define the term electronic configuration?
Answer» Electronic configuration: The distribution of electrons in various atomic orbitals called electronic configuration

Discussion

12.	What is the electronic configuration of palladium ?
Answer» Pd(46) 1s² ,2s²,2p⁶ ,3s² ,3p⁶ ,4s² ,3d¹⁰,4p⁶ ,4d¹⁰.

Discussion

13.	He has asked me to spend a week in the countryside.(a) a land with towns and cities. (b) a neighbouring country. (c) a land outside towns and cities with fields, woods etc.
Answer» (c) a land outside towns and cities with fields, woods etc.

Discussion

14.	A person in an elevator accelerating upwards with an acceleration of 2 m s–2, tosses a coin vertically upwards with a speed of 20 m s1. After how much time will the coin fall back into his hand? ( g = 10 m s–2)
Answer» t = 2V/(g + a) = (2 x 20/10 + 2) = 40/12 = 10/3 = 3.33s

Discussion

15.	A person in an elevator accelerating upwards with an acceleration of 2 ms-2, tosses a coin vertically upwards with a speed of 20 ms-1. After how much time will the coin fall back into his hand? (g = 10 ms-2)
Answer» As, v = u + at t = \(\frac{20}{12}\) = \(\frac{5}{3}S\) ∴ Time of ascent = time of descent ∴ Total time after which coin falls back t = \(\frac{2a}{g+a}\) = \(\frac{2\times 20}{10+2}\) = \(\frac{40}{12}\) = \(\frac{10}{3}\) = 3.33s.

15.

A person in an elevator accelerating upwards with an acceleration of 2 ms-2, tosses a coin vertically upwards with a speed of 20 ms-1. After how much time will the coin fall back into his hand? (g = 10 ms-2)

Answer»

As, v = u + at

t = \(\frac{20}{12}\) = \(\frac{5}{3}S\)

∴ Time of ascent = time of descent

∴ Total time after which coin falls back

t = \(\frac{2a}{g+a}\) = \(\frac{2\times 20}{10+2}\) = \(\frac{40}{12}\) = \(\frac{10}{3}\) = 3.33s.

Discussion

16.	A liquid rises to a height of 9 cm in a glass capillary tube of radius 0.02 cm. What will be the height of the liquid column in a glass capillary tube of radius 0.03 cm ?
Answer» Data : h₁ = 9 cm, r₁ = 0.02 cm, r₂ = 0.03 cm For the first capillary, T = \(\frac{r_1h_1pg}{2\,cos\,\theta}\) For the second capillary, T = \(\frac{r_2h_2pg}{2\,cos\,\theta}\) ∴ \(\frac{r_1h_1pg}{2\,cos\,\theta}\) - \(\frac{r_2h_2pg}{2\,cos\,\theta}\) ∴ r₁h₁= r₂h₂ The height of the liquid column in the second capillary, h₂ = \(\frac{r_1h_1}{r_2}\) = \(\frac{0.02\times9}{0.03}\) = 6 cm

16.

A liquid rises to a height of 9 cm in a glass capillary tube of radius 0.02 cm. What will be the height of the liquid column in a glass capillary tube of radius 0.03 cm ?

Answer»

Data : h₁ = 9 cm, r₁ = 0.02 cm, r₂ = 0.03 cm

For the first capillary, T = \(\frac{r_1h_1pg}{2\,cos\,\theta}\)

For the second capillary, T = \(\frac{r_2h_2pg}{2\,cos\,\theta}\)

∴ \(\frac{r_1h_1pg}{2\,cos\,\theta}\) - \(\frac{r_2h_2pg}{2\,cos\,\theta}\)

∴ r₁h₁= r₂h₂

The height of the liquid column in the second capillary,

h₂ = \(\frac{r_1h_1}{r_2}\) = \(\frac{0.02\times9}{0.03}\) = 6 cm

Discussion

17.	Water rises to a height of 10.0 cm in a capillary tube and mercury galls to a depth of 3.42 cm in the same capillary tube. If the density of mercury is 13.6 g cm-3 and the angle of contact is 135°, find the ratio of surface tension for water and mercury.
Answer» Here, For water, h₁ = 10.0 cm, θ₁ = 0°, P₁=1 g cm^-3; r₁ = r. For mercury, h₂ = −3.42 cm; θ₂ = 135° P₂ = 13.6 g cm^-3; r₂ = r = r₁ S₁ = \(\frac{r_1h_1ρ_1g}{2\,cos\, θ_1}\) S₂ = \(\frac{r_2h_2ρ_2g}{2\,cos\, θ_2}\) \(\frac{S_1}{S_2}\) = \(\frac{h_1ρ_1\,cos\,θ_2}{h_2ρ_2\,cos\,θ_1}\) = \(\frac{10×1×(−\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}})}{ −3.421×13.6×1}\) = 0.15

17.

Water rises to a height of 10.0 cm in a capillary tube and mercury galls to a depth of 3.42 cm in the same capillary tube. If the density of mercury is 13.6 g cm-3 and the angle of contact is 135°, find the ratio of surface tension for water and mercury.

Answer»

Here,

For water, h₁ = 10.0 cm, θ₁ = 0°, P₁=1 g cm^-3; r₁ = r.

For mercury, h₂ = −3.42 cm; θ₂ = 135°

P₂ = 13.6 g cm^-3; r₂ = r = r₁

S₁ = \(\frac{r_1h_1ρ_1g}{2\,cos\, θ_1}\)

S₂ = \(\frac{r_2h_2ρ_2g}{2\,cos\, θ_2}\)

\(\frac{S_1}{S_2}\) = \(\frac{h_1ρ_1\,cos\,θ_2}{h_2ρ_2\,cos\,θ_1}\)

= \(\frac{10×1×(−\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}})}{ −3.421×13.6×1}\)

= 0.15

Discussion

18.	In qualitative analysis when H2S is passed through an aqueous solution of salt acidified with dil. HCl, a black precipitate is obtained. On boiling the precipitate with dil. HNO3, it forms a solution of blue colour. Addition of excess of aqueous solution of ammonia to this solution gives _________. (i) deep blue precipitate of Cu (OH)2 (ii) deep blue solution of [Cu (NH3)4]2+ (iii) deep blue solution of Cu(NO3)2 (iv) deep blue solution of Cu(OH)2.Cu(NO3)2
Answer» (ii) deep blue solution of [Cu (NH₃)₄]²⁺

Discussion

19.

Write the properties of these substances. (water, glass, chalk, iron ball, sugar, salt, flour, coal, soil, pen, ink, soap)

Answer»

Properties of substances :

Substance	State	Properties
1. Water	Liquid	Fluidity, density, solubility, transparency, thermal conductivity.
2. Glass	Solid	Brittleness, hardness,density, transparency.
3. Chalk	Solid	Brittleness, density.
4. Iron ball	Solid	Hardness, density, malleability, ductility, electrical ductility, conductivity, thermal conductivity, luster, sonority.
5. Sugar	Solid	Brittleness, density, solubility.
6. Salt	Solid	Brittleness, density, solubility.
7. Flour	Solid	Density, solubility.
8. Coal	Solid	Brittleness, density, thermal conductivity.
9. Soil	Solid	Brittleness, density.
10. Pen	Solid	Hardness, density.
11. Ink	Liquid	Fluidity, density, solubility.
12. Soap	Solid	Brittleness, hardness, density, solubility.

Discussion

20.	Burning of paper is a ………change. (a) Physical (b) Chemical (c) Physical & chemical (d) Neutral
Answer» (b) Chemical

Discussion

21.	Classify the following day to day activities based on chemical reactions by physical contact, solutions of reactants, heat, light,electricity and catalyst.1. Burning of crackers during festivals 2. Addition of water to quicklime to make it slaked lime 3. Silver ornaments become black on exposure to air for a longtime 4. Copper vessel kept in open air for long time
Answer» 1. Chemical reaction. 2. Exothermic reaction. 3. Tarnishing. 4. Rusting.

21.

Classify the following day to day activities based on chemical reactions by physical contact, solutions of reactants, heat, light,electricity and catalyst.1. Burning of crackers during festivals 2. Addition of water to quicklime to make it slaked lime 3. Silver ornaments become black on exposure to air for a longtime 4. Copper vessel kept in open air for long time

Answer»

1. Chemical reaction.

2. Exothermic reaction.

3. Tarnishing.

4. Rusting.

Discussion

22.	Name the different forms of energy required for breaking down the reactants in decomposition reaction.
Answer» Heat, light and electricity.

Discussion

23.	Explain the following:(a) Lithium Iodide is more covalent than lithium fluoride. (b) Lattice enthalpy of LIF is maximuni among all the alkali metal halides.
Answer» (a) According to Fazan’s rule, Li⁺ ion can polarise I^- ion more than the F^- ion due to bigger size of the anion. Thus Li⁺ has more covalent character than LiF. (b) Smaller the size (internuclear distance), more is the value of lattice enthalpy since internuclear distance is expected to be least in the LiF.

23.

Explain the following:(a) Lithium Iodide is more covalent than lithium fluoride. (b) Lattice enthalpy of LIF is maximuni among all the alkali metal halides.

Answer»

(a) According to Fazan’s rule, Li⁺ ion can polarise I^- ion more than the F^- ion due to bigger size of the anion. Thus Li⁺ has more covalent character than LiF.

(b) Smaller the size (internuclear distance), more is the value of lattice enthalpy since internuclear distance is expected to be least in the LiF.

Discussion

24.	Why is lithium iodide most covalent in nature among alkali halides?
Answer» Among the alkali metal ions, Li⁺ ion is the smallest cation while among halides, anion I^- has the largest size. Thus, electron cloud around I^- ion is easily distorted by Li⁺ ion leading to polarisation of anion and covalency. Also, the difference in electronegativities of Li and I is small. Hence, lithium iodide is most covalent in nature among alkali halides.

24.

Why is lithium iodide most covalent in nature among alkali halides?

Answer»

Among the alkali metal ions, Li⁺ ion is the smallest cation while among halides, anion I^- has the largest size.
Thus, electron cloud around I^- ion is easily distorted by Li⁺ ion leading to polarisation of anion and covalency.
Also, the difference in electronegativities of Li and I is small.

Hence, lithium iodide is most covalent in nature among alkali halides.

Discussion

25.	When does a geneticist need to carry a test cross? How is it carried?
Answer» Geneticists carry out a test cross to find out the genotype of the unknown parent. This is carried out by crossing the progeny with the double recessive parent.

Discussion

26.	A person has to perform crosses for the purpose of studying inheritance of a few traits/characters. What should be the criteria for selecting the organisms?
Answer» Criteria for selecting the organism are: (i) Shorter life span (ii) To produce large number of progeny- (iii) Clear differentiation of sex/traits (iv) Many type of hereditary variations

26.

A person has to perform crosses for the purpose of studying inheritance of a few traits/characters. What should be the criteria for selecting the organisms?

Answer»

Criteria for selecting the organism are:

(i) Shorter life span

(ii) To produce large number of progeny-

(iii) Clear differentiation of sex/traits

(iv) Many type of hereditary variations

Discussion

27.	A geneticist interested in studying variations and patterns of inheritance in living beings prefers to choose organisms for experiments with shorter life cycle. Provide a reason.
Answer» This is because many generations can be obtained (in a short time) and selection of character becomes faster.

Discussion

28.	State a reason for the following statement :The use of sweetener aspartame is limited to cold foods and drinks.
Answer» Because to is unstable at high temperature.

Discussion

29.	How many elements are in the third period of modern periodic table ? Write the names of first and last elements of third period.
Answer» Eight elements in the third period of the periodic table. Sodium (Na) and Argon (Ar) are the first and last elements of the third period.

Discussion

30.	Why are the elements sodium and chlorine in the same period of the Periodic Table ?
Answer» Because the atoms of both the elements have three shells containing the electrons.

Discussion

31.	State the number of elements in Period 1, Period 2, and Period 3 of the Periodic Table.
Answer» Period contains 2 elements; Period 2 Contains 8 elements; Period 3 contains 8 elements.

Discussion

32.	How many elements are in the fourth, fifth and sixth period of modem periodic table?
Answer» There are 18, 18 and 32 elements in the fourth, fifth and sixth period of the periodic table respectively.

Discussion

33.	How does the chemical reactivity of alkali metals and halogens vary?
Answer» The reactivity of alkali metals increases as we move down the group. As the atomic number increases, the atomic racfcus also increases and the single electron in the valence shell is located further away from the nucleus. Hence, Li is least reactive and Francium is the most reactive. In case of halogens, the reactivity gradually decreases as we move down the group. All of them require one electron to complet, the outermost shell and the nuclear attraction is greater on the nearest shell (i.e., Ilnd shell in F) than in the fathest shell (i.e., vith shell in iodine). Hence, F is most reactive and I is least reactive.

Discussion

34.	Arrange the following elements as directed (i) Ar, He, Ne (in increasing order of electron shells) (ii) Li, F, C, O (in increasing order of electron affinity) (iii) Cl, Mg, P, Na (in increasing order of atomic size) (iv) Cl, Li, F, N (in increasing order of electronegativity) (v) Cl, S, Al, Na (in increasing order of ionisation potential) (vi) Increasing order of atomic size. (vii) Increasing non-metallic character (viii) Increasing ionisation potential. (ix) Increasing electron affinity. (x) Decreasing electronegativity.
Answer» (i) Increasing order of number of electron shells: He, Ne, Ar (ii) Increasing order of electron affinity: Li, C, O, F (iii) Increasing order of atomic size: Cl, P, Mg, Na (iv) Increasing order of electronegativity : Li, N, Cl, F (v) Increasing order of ionisation potential : Cl, S, Al. Na. (vi) F>Cl>Br>I. (vii) I<Br<Cl<F. (viii) I<Br<Cl<F. (ix) F<Cl<Br<l. (x) F>Cl>Br>I.

34.

Arrange the following elements as directed (i) Ar, He, Ne (in increasing order of electron shells) (ii) Li, F, C, O (in increasing order of electron affinity) (iii) Cl, Mg, P, Na (in increasing order of atomic size) (iv) Cl, Li, F, N (in increasing order of electronegativity) (v) Cl, S, Al, Na (in increasing order of ionisation potential) (vi) Increasing order of atomic size. (vii) Increasing non-metallic character (viii) Increasing ionisation potential. (ix) Increasing electron affinity. (x) Decreasing electronegativity.

Answer»

(i) Increasing order of number of electron shells: He, Ne, Ar

(ii) Increasing order of electron affinity: Li, C, O, F

(iii) Increasing order of atomic size: Cl, P, Mg, Na

(iv) Increasing order of electronegativity : Li, N, Cl, F

(v) Increasing order of ionisation potential : Cl, S, Al. Na.

(vi) F>Cl>Br>I.

(vii) I<Br<Cl<F.

(viii) I<Br<Cl<F.

(ix) F<Cl<Br<l.

(x) F>Cl>Br>I.

Discussion

35.	What is shielding effect or screening effect ? How does it govern the ionization energy of an atom ?
Answer» When the number of inner electrons is greater, then they shield the outermost electron from the nucleus in such a way that the outermost electron becomes free from any nuclear attraction. This is called the shielding or screening effect. The shielding effect makes the electron very less firmly held by the nucleus on descending a group, so the ionisation energy decreases down a group.

35.

What is shielding effect or screening effect ? How does it govern the ionization energy of an atom ?

Answer»

When the number of inner electrons is greater, then they shield the outermost electron from the nucleus in such a way that the outermost electron becomes free from any nuclear attraction. This is called the shielding or screening effect.

The shielding effect makes the electron very less firmly held by the nucleus on descending a group, so the ionisation energy decreases down a group.

Discussion

36.	(i) An element has an atomic number 16. State (a) the period to which it belongs. (b) the number of valence electronš. (c) whether it is a metal or non-metal. (ii) Within a Group where would you expect to find the element with: (a) The greatest metallic character? (b) The largest atomic size?
Answer» (i) (a) 3rd period (b) Six electrons (c) Non-metal (ii) (a) At the bottom of the group. (b) At the bottom of the group.

36.

(i) An element has an atomic number 16. State (a) the period to which it belongs. (b) the number of valence electronš. (c) whether it is a metal or non-metal. (ii) Within a Group where would you expect to find the element with: (a) The greatest metallic character? (b) The largest atomic size?

Answer»

(i) (a) 3rd period

(b) Six electrons

(c) Non-metal

(ii) (a) At the bottom of the group.

(b) At the bottom of the group.

Discussion

37.

(i) For each of the following pairs, predict which one has greater ionization energy and greater electron affinity ? (a) 1,1– (b) B, C (c) Li, Li+(ii) Select the correct order of radii of three species : Ca, Ca+ and Ca2+ : (a) Ca > Ca+ > Ca2+ (b) Ca2+ > Ca+ > Ca (c) Ca+ > Ca > Ca2+ (d) Ca+ > Ca2+ > CaAssign suitable reason.

Answer»

Ionisation Energy	Electron affinity
(a) I^- > I	(i) I > I^-
(b) C > B	(ii) C > B
(c) Li⁺ > Li	(iii) Li > Li⁺

(ii) The correct order of radii is (a), i.e., Ca > Ca⁺ > Ca^{2+ .}

This is because due to the loss of electron, the effective nuclear charge per electron increases, the electrons are more strongly attracted and pulled towards the nucleus. This causes a decrease in the size of the positive ion.

Discussion

38.	Give the number of the group and the period, of the clement having three shells with three electrons in valence shell.
Answer» The element having three shells with three electrons in valence shell belong to 13th group and 3rd period.

Discussion

39.	Why elements with low ionization potential exhibit metallic properties ?
Answer» Metallic character increases with decrease in ionization potential. Lower the value of ionization potential, the greater is the tendency of an atom to lose electrons.

Discussion

40.	Payroll system and accounting system are the ……… softwares.
Answer» Payroll system and accounting system are the application softwares.

Discussion

41.	What is an accounting software and HR management system. Also, name the types of accounting software?
Answer» Accounting Software This system records and processes accounting transactions within functional modules such as accounts payable, accounts receivable, payroll and trial balance. It works as an accounting information system. There are several types of accounting software as follows: 1. Accounts payable software 2. Bank reconciliation software 3. Budget management software etc. e.g. Tally ERP9, HDPOS, MARG, ProfitBooks etc. HR Management System It refers to the systems and processes at the intersection between Human Resource Management (HRM) and Information Technology (IT). The function of HR department is generally administrative and common in all organisations. e.g. Effective Staff, Cezanne HR etc.

41.

What is an accounting software and HR management system. Also, name the types of accounting software?

Answer»

Accounting Software

This system records and processes accounting transactions within functional modules such as accounts payable, accounts receivable, payroll and trial balance. It works as an accounting information system.

There are several types of accounting software as follows:

1. Accounts payable software

2. Bank reconciliation software

3. Budget management software etc. e.g. Tally ERP9, HDPOS, MARG, ProfitBooks etc.

HR Management System

It refers to the systems and processes at the intersection between Human Resource Management (HRM) and Information Technology (IT). The function of HR department is generally administrative and common in all organisations. e.g. Effective Staff, Cezanne HR etc.

Discussion

42.	Which device is used to convert the program written in assembly language into machine language? (a) Interpreter (b) Compiler (c) Assembler (d) None of these
Answer» (c) Assembler is used to convert the program written in assembly language into machine language because it is a language processor that converts the user defined language into a form which can be easily understood by the computer.

Discussion

43.	Interpreter converts a high level language program into a machine language by (a) one go mechanism (b) line-by-line mechanism (c) group of five lines mechanism (d) None of the above
Answer» (b) Interpreter is a language processor, which converts the high level language program into machine language by using line-by-line mechanism.

Discussion

44.	The language processor which converts high level language into machine language is (a) assembler (b) compiler (c) interpreter (d) Both (b) and (c)
Answer» (d) Both compiler and interpreter are language processors that converts high level language into machine language.

Discussion

45.	Differentiate between RAM and ROM.
Answer» Random Access Memory (RAM) also called the read/write memory as data can be read and write to it. It is a temporary memory. The contents of the RAM are accessible only as long as the computer is ON. Once the computer is turned OFF, the contents of RAM are wiped out. It stores operating system routines, application programs and the data in current use are kept temporarily. The types of RAM are SRAM and DRAM. Read Only Memory (ROM) is a special type of memory whose contents can only be read. It is a permanent memory, so the contents of the ROM are not lost, even when the computer is switched OFF. It is normally used to store the manufacturer’s instructions. The types of ROM are PROM, EPROM and EEPROM.

45.

Differentiate between RAM and ROM.

Answer»

Random Access Memory (RAM) also called the read/write memory as data can be read and write to it. It is a temporary memory. The contents of the RAM are accessible only as long as the computer is ON. Once the computer is turned OFF, the contents of RAM are wiped out. It stores operating system routines, application programs and the data in current use are kept temporarily. The types of RAM are SRAM and DRAM.

Read Only Memory (ROM) is a special type of memory whose contents can only be read. It is a permanent memory, so the contents of the ROM are not lost, even when the computer is switched OFF. It is normally used to store the manufacturer’s instructions.

The types of ROM are PROM, EPROM and EEPROM.

Discussion

46.	What are periodic winds ?
Answer» Periodic winds blow at regular intervals or in regular cycles. They are winds that result from localised differences in pressure and temperature. For example, land and sea breezes and the seasonal winds.

Discussion

47.	In a typical flower thalamus consists of compactly arranged nodes and intemodes. (A) three, two (B) four, three (C) three, four (D) two, three
Answer» The correct answer is (B) four, three

Discussion

48.	A multinational company outside India tried to sell new varieties of turmeric without proper rights. What is such an act referred to?
Answer» An act referred to Biopiracy.

Discussion

49.

Animals that have their DNA manipulated and express foreign gene are called transgenic animals. Write down the three significance of transgenic animals used as models.

Answer»

1. Normal physiology and development:

To study of how genes are regulated, and how they affect the normal functions of the body and its development.

2. Study of disease:

How genes contribute to the development of disease.

3. Chemical and vaccine safety testing:

Transgenic animals carry genes that sensitive to toxic substances and the effects can be studied.

Discussion

50.	Give example of vaccine safety in respect to transgenic animals.
Answer» Transgenic mice are being developed for use in testing the safety of vaccines before they are used on humans. Transgenic mice are being used to test the safety of polio vaccine.

Discussion

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Define the term electronic configuration?

What is the electronic configuration of palladium ?

He has asked me to spend a week in the countryside.(a) a land with towns and cities. (b) a neighbouring country. (c) a land outside towns and cities with fields, woods etc.

A person in an elevator accelerating upwards with an acceleration of 2 m s–2, tosses a coin vertically upwards with a speed of 20 m s1. After how much time will the coin fall back into his hand? ( g = 10 m s–2)

A person in an elevator accelerating upwards with an acceleration of 2 ms-2, tosses a coin vertically upwards with a speed of 20 ms-1. After how much time will the coin fall back into his hand? (g = 10 ms-2)

A liquid rises to a height of 9 cm in a glass capillary tube of radius 0.02 cm. What will be the height of the liquid column in a glass capillary tube of radius 0.03 cm ?

Water rises to a height of 10.0 cm in a capillary tube and mercury galls to a depth of 3.42 cm in the same capillary tube. If the density of mercury is 13.6 g cm-3 and the angle of contact is 135°, find the ratio of surface tension for water and mercury.

Write the properties of these substances. (water, glass, chalk, iron ball, sugar, salt, flour, coal, soil, pen, ink, soap)

Burning of paper is a ………change. (a) Physical (b) Chemical (c) Physical &amp; chemical (d) Neutral

Name the different forms of energy required for breaking down the reactants in decomposition reaction.

Explain the following:(a) Lithium Iodide is more covalent than lithium fluoride. (b) Lattice enthalpy of LIF is maximuni among all the alkali metal halides.

Why is lithium iodide most covalent in nature among alkali halides?

When does a geneticist need to carry a test cross? How is it carried?

A person has to perform crosses for the purpose of studying inheritance of a few traits/characters. What should be the criteria for selecting the organisms?

A geneticist interested in studying variations and patterns of inheritance in living beings prefers to choose organisms for experiments with shorter life cycle. Provide a reason.

State a reason for the following statement :The use of sweetener aspartame is limited to cold foods and drinks.

How many elements are in the third period of modern periodic table ? Write the names of first and last elements of third period.

Why are the elements sodium and chlorine in the same period of the Periodic Table ?

State the number of elements in Period 1, Period 2, and Period 3 of the Periodic Table.

How many elements are in the fourth, fifth and sixth period of modem periodic table?

How does the chemical reactivity of alkali metals and halogens vary?

What is shielding effect or screening effect ? How does it govern the ionization energy of an atom ?

(i) An element has an atomic number 16. State (a) the period to which it belongs. (b) the number of valence electronš. (c) whether it is a metal or non-metal. (ii) Within a Group where would you expect to find the element with: (a) The greatest metallic character? (b) The largest atomic size?

Give the number of the group and the period, of the clement having three shells with three electrons in valence shell.

Why elements with low ionization potential exhibit metallic properties ?

Payroll system and accounting system are the ……… softwares.

What is an accounting software and HR management system. Also, name the types of accounting software?

Which device is used to convert the program written in assembly language into machine language? (a) Interpreter (b) Compiler (c) Assembler (d) None of these

Interpreter converts a high level language program into a machine language by (a) one go mechanism (b) line-by-line mechanism (c) group of five lines mechanism (d) None of the above

The language processor which converts high level language into machine language is (a) assembler (b) compiler (c) interpreter (d) Both (b) and (c)

Differentiate between RAM and ROM.

What are periodic winds ?

In a typical flower thalamus consists of compactly arranged nodes and intemodes. (A) three, two (B) four, three (C) three, four (D) two, three

A multinational company outside India tried to sell new varieties of turmeric without proper rights. What is such an act referred to?

Animals that have their DNA manipulated and express foreign gene are called transgenic animals. Write down the three significance of transgenic animals used as models.

Give example of vaccine safety in respect to transgenic animals.

Burning of paper is a ………change. (a) Physical (b) Chemical (c) Physical & chemical (d) Neutral