Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

On the basis of iron, coal, and textiles Britain built up a type of civilization, which has been copied all around the world.

The need to transport raw materials and manufactured products led to the improvement of roads and the digging of canals in England.

Industrial Revolution: The complex of socioeconomic changes, such as the ones that took place in England in the late 18th century, that are brought about when extensive mechanization of production systems results in a shift from home-based hand manufacturing to large-scale factory production.

Smelting: Iron is extracted as pure liquid metal from the ore by a process called smelting.

Four measures taken to conserve forest are : 

(i) Deforestation should be banned. 

(ii) Forest resources should be used in an environmentally and developmentally sound manner.

(iii) We should use natural resources cautiously.

(iv) Afforestation should be done.

Correct option is (c) Michael Jucius

Correct option is (b) workforce analysis

Correct option is (a) Henry Fayol

Correct option is (c) wild cat strike

Correct option is (c) Japanese management system prefers to create capable workers to adapt organisational changes, as and when required.

Correct option is d. All above

Correct option is a. Areas which are within the responsibility of the role

Correct option is c. Gap analysis / solution analysis + (a)

Correct option is c. Maslow

Correct option is b. Sharing the decision making with lower results of the employees

Correct option is c. Employers

Correct option is d. All above

Green house protects the plants from the climatic canditions outside and gives it suitable temperature for growth. The advantages to the farmers are : 

1. It protects crops from many diseases 

2. It also protects the plant from heavy winds and rodents.

In a germinating seed, plumule in known as future shoot and radicle is known as future root The function of cotyledon is to store food for the future plant or embryo.

Following are the useful ways of utilising waste water. 

(a) Waste water can be used to recharge the ground water 

(b) Waste water can be used for irrigation 

(c) treated municipal water can be used for washing cars, watering the gardens

(d) certain pollutants in sewage water can become fertiliser for various crops.

Waste water can be used for the following ways:
(i) For recharging the ground water.
(ii) Can be used for irrigation.
(iii) Treated municipal water can be used for washing cars or watering the gardens.
(iv) Certain pollutants in sewage water can become fertilizer for various crops.

Correct option is d. All above

Correct option is (a) integration function

Correct option is c. Both (a) + (b)

Stamens produce pollen grains that are yellowish in colour. Pollen grain is unicellular and haploid. It has two layers, the thicker outer one is called exine, which is thin at places called germ pores and inner thin layer is called intine.

Correct option is a. HR Audit

The consistency of DNA copying during reproduction is important for the maintenance of body design features that allow the organism to use that particular niche. Because of this DNA copying is an essential part of the process of reproduction.

• Meiosis is a way of cell division in which number of chromosomes get halved. 
• After fertilization chromosomes become equal to that of somatic cells. 
• After fertilization Mitosis takes place for the rest of the stages of life. 
• Hence chromosomes remain constant.

Pollen grains are the male gametes which fertilise the egg cell present in the ovule.

Cotyledon stores food and the plumule acts as future shoot.

• Number of chromosomes in both the gametes are equal hence number of chromosomes in a female gamete of tobacco plant is 24. 
• Combining both number of chromosomes in a zygote is 48

Constipation : Irregular bowl movement is referred as constipation. It caused due to deficiency of fibres in food.

Pedicel  is the technical term given to the stalk of the flower.

Natural vegetative propagation occurs from modified stems, roots, leaves and bulbs. Modified short stems, onion bear bulbs which when grown in soil develop into a new plant. Runners - stems of doob grass have nodes and internodes. From nodes, roots are developed that formed a new plant.
Rhizome of ginger is a horizontal underground stem. If kept in soil with adequate moisture it develops into a new plant. Tuber of potato bears eyes (buds), which is sown (entire or in pieces) in soil develops into a new plant.
Modified root tubers of sweet potato also grow into a new plant.
Buds produced in the notches along the leaf margin of Bryophyllum on the soil and develop into new plants.

Pollination takes place by agents like wind, water etc. But fertilisation do not require agents. In this way pollination is different from fertilisation.

• Pollination is a process in which transfer of pollen grains from anthers to stigma takes place. 
• If there is no pollination then there will be no fusion of gametes and fertilization do not take place

During fertilisation in plants, the following events take place: 

(i) One of the male gamete fuses with the female gamete present in the embryo sac. 

(ii) The other male gamete fuses with the two polar nuclei in the embryo sac. The first fusion product gives rise to the zygote while the second one forms the endosperm. The process of two fusions occurring in the embryo sac is called double fertilisation.

Various methods of cross-pollination are entomophily (insect pollination), anemophily (wind pollination), hydrophily (water pollination) and zoophily (animal pollination).

The transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of a flower is called pollination. 

The transfer is accomplished by an external agency such as wind (anemophily), water (hydrophily), insects (entomophily), birds (ornithophily), bats (chiropterophily), etc. Both wind and water are abiotic agencies while insects, birds, bats etc. are biotic agencies of pollination. After falling on stigma, the pollen grain absorbs water and nutrients. It produces a tube called pollen tube. Pollen tube growers through style and reaches the ovary. Its tip contains a tube nucleus and two male gametes or sperm cells. The advancing pollen tube enters an ovule, generally through micropyle and reaches the interior of the embryo sac. Here the tube bursts to release its two male gametes. One male gamete fuses with the egg to form a zygote and the second male gamete fuses with binucleate central cells which forms endosperm.

Male gamete travels inside the pollen tube while female gamete is inside the ovule. Pollen tubes penetrate the ovule to release the male nuclei inside it, that why just before fertilization male gamete is at the end of pollen tube while gamete is inside the ovule.

In a flower, fertilisation requires both male and female gametes. If pollination does not occur, male gametes will not be available hence fertilisation cannot take place.

Sexual and Asexual Reproduction.

Transfer of pollen grains from the anther to stigma is called pollination.

Vegetative prop.rgation is practised for growing some types of plants because:
(i) Characters of the plants can be preserved through successive generation.
(ii) Seedless plants can be grown through vegetative reproduction.
(iii) Through cutting and grafting methods, flowers and fruits can be grown in a shorter time.
(iv) It is a cheaper, easier and more rapid method of plant propagation.

The process by which some plants can reproduce asexually by their vegetative parts like roots, stems and leaves is called vegetative propagation. It has many advantages. Plants raised by this method can bear flowers and fruits earlier than those produced from seeds. Plants that have lost capability to produce seeds like banana, orange, rose and jasmine can be propagated. All plants produced are genetically similar to the parent plant.