Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

1. The boy gives me a toy. (was given) 

A toy was given to me by the boy. 

2. You have sold the car. (has been sold) 

The car has been sold by you. 

3. He sings a song. (is sung) 

A song is sung by him. 

4. The boy saw the spider. (was seen) 

The spider was seen by the boy.

The first factor which disturbs ‘World Peace’ is war and terrorism. The other factor is fighting on the basis of caste, creed, colour and religion.

The wall of the ovary that develops into wall of the fruit is called pericarp. 

Functions: 

(i) Protects the seed till its maturity. 

(ii) Helps in dispersal.

Correct option is (c) forward integration.

सही उत्तर है द्रविड़

साँस्कृतिक विरासत

सही विकल्प है (A) निग्रो

Correct option is  B) 6th

Correct option is  C) S^2- 

D) Electronegativity

Correct option is  B) Cr

Magnetic orbital quantum number (m_l) :

• Magnetic orbital quantum number describes the relative spatial orientation of the orbitals in a given subshell.
• It is denoted by m; and it has values from -l to +l through zero, giving total values or total orientations equal to (2l + 1).
• For s-subshell, 1 = 0, hence, m = 0. Thus, s-subshell contains only one orbital.
• For p-subshell, l = 1, hence, m = +1, 0, -1. Thus, p-subshell contains three orbitals having distinct orientations. 

(X) 1. Na is large in size than Al.

2. Atomic size gradually decreases from left to right in a period.

(Y) 1. Na is large in size than Mg⁺² .

2. Na is larger than Mg and Mg is larger than Mg⁺²

D) ns² np¹ to ns² np⁶

\(\bar v\) = 109677 [\(\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{n^2}\)] cm^-1

Where, 

n = 3, 4, 5, ….

i. Max Planck put forward a theory known as Planck’s quantum theory to explain blackbody radiation.

ii. According to this theory, the energy of electromagnetic radiation depends upon the frequency and not the amplitude.

iii. The smallest quantity of energy that can be emitted or absorbed in the form of electromagnetic radiation is called as ‘quantum’.

iv. The energy (E) of each quantum of radiation is directly proportional to its frequency (ν).

i.e., 

E ∝ ν ; E = hν 

Where, 

h = Planck’s constant = 6.626 × 10^-34 J s.

Correct option is  C) 7,8

i) s-block elements : Na, Ca 

ii) p-block elements : C, P d-block elements : Ti, Ni.

Correct option is  C) ns¹ to ns² 

400 nm and 750 nm are the wavelengths of blue and red light respectively. Energy of radiation is given by the expression E = hν and the frequency (ν), of radiation is related to the wavelength by the expression.

ν = \(\frac{c}{\lambda}\) 

∴ E = \(\frac{hc}{\lambda}\) 

Therefore,

Shorter the wavelength, λ, larger the frequency, ν, and higher the energy, E. 

Thus,

Blue light which has shorter λ (400 nm) than red light (750 nm) has higher energy.

C) Representative elements

• When a substance is irradiated with electromagnetic radiation, it absorbs energy. Atoms, molecules or ions, which have absorbed radiation are said to be ‘excited’. Heating can also result in an excited state.
• The excited species emits the absorbed energy in the form of radiation. This process is called emission of radiation and the recorded spectrum of this emitted radiation is called ‘emission spectrum’.

Examples are fluorescent tube, sodium vapor lamp, neon sign and halogen lamp.

A) Both statements are true

Money spent by government on different activities.

(d) Goods and services of final consumption

There are three methods of calculation of national income :

(a) Production or value-added method
(b) Income method
(c) Expenditure method.

Income earned from various sources by individuals and households.

(b) per capita income

Many problems occur in the calculation of national income. On account of illiterate people of under-developed nations and due to the popularity of barter system, many transactions happen outside the market system and the government has no information about them. Thus, we cannot get accurate information about national income in these countries. Moreover, we face the problem of double counting in national income.

Illiteracy and barter system.

Value-added method.

No, it is not included.

Part of income which is not Spent on consumption and kept aside for future use.

Expenditure made for production is called investment.

Value-added method.

Due to continous use or wear and tear of machinery, tools and other capital goods, the reduction in thier value is called depreciation.

To avoid double counting, exact value of production is calculated at every step. The expenditure on factor inputs is deducted from production value to find its exact value. This method is called value-added method.

Creation of utility in goods is called production.

Monetary value of all the final goods and services produced in a country in a year is called national income.

Loss in value of machines, tools, etc. because of their continuous use or wear and tear is called depreciation.

Finally consumable goods and services.

(c) Every year

Correct answer is (b) False

National income divided by total population of a country is called per capita income.

It indicates increase in economic welfare.

Income recieved without the exchange of goods and services-for example- scholarship.

Income earned in foreign countries is added in counting national income.

The goods which perish only after a single use are called non-durable goods. For example- milk, fruits, bread, etc.

The goods which can be used many times during their lifetime are called durable goods. For example – furniture, machines, etc.