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Before her arrival, there had been a drought in that area for three successive years. But when she entered the village, on that very night, it rained heavily and swept away the drought. Thus, she was lucky for her new place.

उसके आने से पूर्व उस क्षेत्र में पिछले तीन सालों से लगातार सूखा चल रहा था। लेकिन जिस रात वह आई उसी रात भारी बरसात हुई और सूखे को बहा ले गई। इस प्रकार वह अपने नये स्थान के लिए भाग्यशाली सिद्ध हुई।

Kaley Shah became angry when he saw Najab empty handed but then Najab showed him the gold bracelet. He told him that he would pay in gold to buy cloves. This lured Kaley Shah and he became ready to help Najab.

जब काले शाहने नजब को खाली हाथ देखा तो वह नाराज हो गया लेकिन नजब ने उसे सोने का कंगन दिखाया। उसने उससे कहा कि वह लौंग खरीदने की कीमत सोने में अदा करेगा। इसने काले शाह को ललचा दिया और वह मदद करने को तैयार हो गया था।

As Najab called out Fatimah’s name softly through the window bars, she rose from her bed like a panic-stricken doe. She felt difficulty in recognizing him. Her lustrous eyes lit up the dark of the room as she opened the door.

जब नजब ने खिड़की की सलाखों से फातिमा का नाम हल्के से पुकारा तो वह एक आतंकित हिरण के बच्चे की तरह से अपने बिस्तर से ऊठी। फातिमा को उसे पहचानने में दिक्कत हुई। जब उसने दरवाजा खोला तो उसकी (फातिमा की) चमकीली आँखों से अंधेरे कमरे में प्रकाश हो गया।

Fatimah is the leading female character of the story. She is described as an hour. Her eyes were so bright that they would have lit up the darkness of the underworld. She was the daughter of the spice-seller, Kaley Shah. She smelt of cloves and cinnamon. Her laughter had the timbre of ankle-bells. Her eyebrows were like black wisps of the night. Her hair was the night itself. She was taken by the quite and pleasant behaviour of Najab. She dared him to take the next step. She made him fall in love. Though Najab was shy by nature, he crossed the border for her. She eloped with Najab leaving her village and country behind. She proved lucky for the Rann. The night she came, it rained heavily and swept away the drought.

फातिमा इस कहानी की अग्रणी महिला पात्र है। उसे हूर के रूप में वर्णित किया गया है। उसकी आँखों में इतनी चमक थी कि वह पाताल के अंधेरे में भी रोशनी कर देती। वह मसाले विक्रेता काले शाह की पुत्री थी। उसमें लौंग व दालचीनी की खुशबू आती थी। उसकी हँसी में घुघरूओं की खनक थी। उसकी भौंहे काली रात की लटों जैसी काली थी। उसके बाल स्वयं ही काली रात थे। वह नजब के शांत व खुशनुमा व्यवहार से प्रभावित हो गई थी। उसने उसे अगला कदम उठाने के लिए चुनौती दी थी। उसने उसे प्यार करने के लिए मजबूर किया। यद्यपि नजब शर्मीले स्वभाव का था, फिर भी उसने उसके लिए सरहद पार की। अपना गाँव तथा देश को छोड़कर वह नजबे के साथ भाग आई। वह रन के लिए भाग्यशाली साबित हुई। जिस रात वह आई थी उस रात जोरदार बारिश हुई और सूखे को धो गई।

Answer is (D) All of these

The Ang value for the reaction 2NO(g) + O₂(g) ⇌ 2NO₂(g) is – 1.

Δn_g = n_p – n_r = 2 – 3 = -1

\(K_P=\frac{P_{CO_2}}{p^2_{CO}}\)

The expression of K for the reaction CO₂(g) + H₂O(l) ⇌ H⁺(aq) + HCO₃^- (aq) is equal to \(K_C=\frac{[H^+]_{aq}[HCO_3^-]_{aq}}{[CO_2]_{aq}}\).

Removal of metabolic waste products from the body is called excretion.

The answer is (c) Afferent arteriole

The glomerulus is enclosed in Bowman’s capsule. It performs Ultrafiltration.

Glomerulus is a tuft of capillaries formed by the afferent arteriole in the hollow of Bowman’s capsule.

The anterior part of the nephron is called a Malpighian body. It includes glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule

Bowman’s capsule, Proximal Convoluted tubule and distal convoluted tubule.

Removal urea and other waste products from the blood using artificial kidney (Dialyser) are termed as haemodialysis.

It is a U-shaped part of Nephron.

The pushing of the cortex part of the kidney into the medulla is termed as a renal column of Bertin.

The answer is (a) Kidney

The answer is (a) Glomerulus

The efferent arteriole emerging from the glomerulus forms a fine capillary network around the renal tubule called the peritubular capillaries.

The answer is (d) Glomerular filtrate

The answer is (b) Metanephric

The answer is Dysuria

Removal of nitrogenous waste product (urea) from the body.

The U- shaped peritubular capillary that runs parallel to the Henle’s loop is called vasa recta.

The answer is (b) Kidney

The answer is Efferent arteriole.

The answer is (c) Urea

(i) The capillaries around the loop of Henle are called vasa rectae. 

(ii) The vasa recta helps to retain reabsorbed ions and urea in the interstitial fluid of the medulla. Thus, high osmotic pressure is maintained.

The answer is Nephron or uriniferous tubule.

Kidney Transplantation: 

In a human being when kidneys stop functioning and are not curable than a kidney of other healthy person is to be transplanted. The Kidney is obtained from a donor who may be decreased or live. Kidney donor should be the nearest relative whose blood and tissue structures are to be similar. 

If unmatched kidney transplantation is done than the immune system of patient will not accept the transplanted kidney and it will not work properly so the patient may die. Although special medicines are given to a patient to inactivate the immune system and the possibility to accept the kidney of the donor is increased.

Structure of Nephron: 

• It is a unit of excretion in which urine is formed independently. 
• Its an anteriormost part is called a Malpighian body which includes a cup-like Bowmann’s capsule & a glomerulus. 
• The glomerulus is a bunch of blood capillaries. It receives the blood through an afferent arteriole and the blood comes out through the efferent arteriole. The diameter of the afferent is comparatively more.
• The Bowman’s capsule opens into a proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) through a short & straight neck. The anterior part of the PCT is more coiled whereas its posterior part is almost straight. The PCT opens into a Henle’s loop. 
• The Henle’s loop is a U-shaped structure which has a distinct descending limb & an ascending limb. The ascending limb opens into the DCT. 
• The descending convoluted tubule (DCT) is a coiled duct. 
• Many DCT unites to form a collecting duct. The collecting ducts of one pyramid unite to form a duct of Bellini. The ducts of Bellini lead into the pelvis part. 
• The Malpighian body and a part of PCT & DCT are situated in the cortex. Most of the part of PCT & DCT, Henle’s loop and collecting ducts are found in the medulla. 
• The efferent arteriole forms a peri-tubular capillary network around the PCT, DCT & Henle’s loop which is called as Vasa recta. 
• The capillaries of Vasa recta join to form venules which finally open into the renal vein. 

Histology of Nephron: 

• The wall of the Bowman’s capsule is made up of simple squamous epithelium. 
• Its inner wall has special cells, called podocytes. 
• The podocytes have finger-like processes which bind the glomerular-blood capillaries. 
• The neck of the nephron & collecting duct is made up the ciliated epithelium. 
• PCT is made up of simple cuboidal epithelium. It has brushborder of microvilli. 
• The Henle’s loop is made up of simple squamous epithelium. 
• DCT is made up of simple cuboidal epithelium. It is without microvilli.

Correct answer is

(c) poly caprolactum fibre

Correct answer is

(d) Nylon-6

i. 36,927

ii. 04,788

iii. 3,27,869

iv. 6,97,089

v. 19,79,109

vi. 36,85,687

i. 92456

ii. 61756

(1) b – iv 

(2) d – iii 

(3) a – ii 

(4) c – i

i. 18,748

ii. 23,669

Correct Answer is Green

(a) 2

Because,

= (2x-1)/3 = ((x-2)/3) + 1

= [(2x-1)/3)] – [(x-2)/3)] = 1

= [(2x -1) – (x -2)] / 3 = 1

= (2x – 1 – x +2)/ 3 = 1

= x +1 = 3

= x = 3-1

= x = 2

(b) 26

Because,

Let the two consecutive whole numbers be x and (x +1)

= x + (x+1) = 53

= x + x + 1 = 53

= 2x + 1 = 53

= 2x = 53 – 1

= 2x = 52

= x = 52/2

= x = 26

Let the three consecutive whole numbers be (x – 1),

 x and (x + 1). 

∴ Sum of the three numbers 

= (x – 1) + x + (x + 1) 

= 3x

Given that, the sum of the three numbers is greater than 45 and less than 54.

When the sum of the three numbers is 45, 

3x = 45

∴ x = 45/3

∴ x = 15

When the sum of the three numbers is 54,

∴ 3x = 54

∴ x = 54/3

∴ x = 18

∴ the value of x is greater than 15 and less than 18. 

∴ the value of x is either 16 or 17.

Case I: 

If the value of x is 16, then the three consecutive whole numbers are (16 – 1), 16,(16 + 1)i.e., 15, 16, 17

Case II: 

If the value of x is 17, then the three consecutive whole numbers are (17 – 1), 17, (17 + 1) 

i.e., 16, 17, 18.

∴ The three consecutive whole numbers are 15, 16, 17 or 16, 17, 18.

The distance travelled by walk = 10 km

Let the distance travelled by train = x km say. 

The distance travelled by bus

= 2 × x = 2x km 

∴ 10 + x + 2x = 70 

⇒ 3x = 70 – 10 

⇒ 3x = 60 

⇒ x = \(\frac{60}3\) = 20 

⇒ x = 20 

∴ The distance travelled by train = 20 km.

Several countries intervened to stop the massacre.

Claims of a person over other fellow beings, society and the government.

Practice of forcing workers to work without any wages.