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(d) Gita Govindam – Kabir das

Nalayira Divya Prabhandam was composed by 12 Azhwars.

Robert Clive was a very able English army Commander. He occupied Arcot, the capital town of Chanda Sahib in the Second War of Carnatic and compelled Chanda Sahib to leave Trichnapalli, As a result, the British won the war.

Mir Jafar was an army commander who betrayed Siraj-ud-daulah, the Nawab of Bengal. He remained the Nawab of Bengal from 1757 A.D. to 1760 A.D.

1. Metals like Gold and Silver are precious and rare elements.

2. They are shiny, strong and have high economic value.

3. If such metals are used in coins in an empire, it indicates its economic prosperity.

1. Uttiramerur 

2. Muhammad Ghori 

3. Jital

4. Minhaj-us-Siraj

5. Nicolo Conti

Clive won the Second War of the Carnatic and also the Battle of Plassey for the British. Both these victories proved to be the foundation stone of the British Empire in India.

Nathamuni compiled Nalayira Divyaprabhandham

Between the British East India Company and Nawab Siraj-ud-daulah of Bengal.

Answer is Travelogues

The British Company had got permission to trade freely in Bengal, but the officials of the Company had been trading privately. It caused financial loss to the Nawab of Bengal.

This battle greatly enhanced the power and prestige of the British which was the largest and most prosperous state in India. As a result, the key to the conquest of India fell into the hands of the English.

Nawab Siraj-ud-daulah was defeated in this battle and Mir Jafar became the new Nawab of Bengal. Mir Jafar gave huge amount of money and the district of 24 Parganas to the British.

The British started fortifying Calcutta (now Kolkata) in order to strengthen their position in Bengal. Calcutta (Kolkata) was a part of the kingdom of the Nawab. It strained the relations between the British and the Nawab.

(i) True

(ii) False

(iii) True

(iv) False

(v) False

Gopal half-shaved his beard, smeared himself with ash, and wore disgraceful rags before he went to buy his hilsa-fish.

Gopal bought hilsa from the market and reached the king's palace in such getup.The guards refuse to open the gate for a mad man as they were unable to recognise him ,They did not allow him to meet the king. Therfore, he began to dance and sing loudly. On hearing his loud song, the king sent his messenger to call him in the court.

(i) challenge - ask to contest, dare The boss challenged Rahul to finish his work before the time. 

(ii) mystic - believing in spiritual power Some people do believe in the mystic forces. 

(iii) comical - funny I liked the comical act of the joker the most. 

(iv) courtier - officials of the king's court Birbal was one of the clever courtier present in Akbar's court. 

(v) smearing - to apply coat or mark He smeares his face with ashes.

(i) Stag is by the side of the pond. 

(ii) He is looking at the reflection of his horns and legs in the water. 

(iii) Yes, he liked his antlers. 

(iv) No, he did't liked his legs. 

(v) The stag is running to save his life from the hunters. 

(vi) No, he is not able to hide himself in the bushes. 

(vii) The hunters are now beside to him. 

(viii) Yes, they closing in on the stag. 

(ix) Yes, the stag is free. 

(x) The stag said that he was proud of his horns which could have caused his death and was ashamed of his legs which saved him.

Everyone around the king was talking about Hilsa-fish. This had infuriated the king, so he didn’t want anyone to talk about the Hilsa-fish.

The king asked Gopal to buy a huge Hilsa-fish from the market and to ensure that no one should talk to him about the fish on the entire way from the market to the palace.

A. congratulated

NEHA: When did you get this book? 

SHEELA: Yesterday morning. 

NEHA: Why is your sister crying? 

SHEELA: Because she has lost her doll. 

NEHA: Whose room is this, yours or hers? 

SHEELA: It’s ours. 

NEHA: How do you go to school? 

SHEELA: We walk to school. It is near by.

(i) My friend lost his chemistry book. Now he doesn't know what to do and where to look for it. 

(ii) There are so many toys in the shops. Neena can't decide which one to buy. 

(iii) You don't know the way to my school. Ask the policeman how to get there. 

(iv) You should decide soon when to start building your house. 

(v) Do you know how to ride a bicycle? I don't remember when and where I learnt it. 

(vi) "You should know when to talk and when to keep your mouth shut," the teacher advised Anil.

Gopal looked suspicious or rather mystic since he had dressed himself in rags. Moreover, his beard was half-shaven and ash was smeared on it. Therefore the guards barred his entry to the palace. He started dancing and singing loudly so that the king might hear him and call him inside. The king ordered him to be taken inside but he could not recognise him.

When Gopal reminded the King of his challenge and proved that he had fulfilled it, the king was surprised and burst into laughter.

(i) The project appears impossible at first sight but it can be completed if we work very hard.

(ii) He is incompetent. That's why he can't keep any job for more than a year

(iii) "Don't be impatient. Your letter will come one day," the postman told me.

(iv) That's an improper remark to make under the circumstances.

(v) He appears to be insensitive. In fact, he is very emotional.

(i) Where is Anil?

(ii) Where is Anil sitting?

(iii) What is he doing?

(iv) Where is Anil's friend sitting?

(v) What is Anil's friend doing?

(vi)Who is writing on the blackboard?

(vii) What are some children doing?

The neighbours killed the dog in anger. They have expected the dog to help them get a treasure, but the dog had rather taken them to a foul-smelling dead kitten.

(iii) - (c) The greedy couple borrowed the mill and the mortar to make a pile of gold.

A. It could make a bare tree bloom again.

The farmer had the magical ashes. He made the old withered cherry tree blossom once again by sprinkling the ashes. So, the daimio rewarded the farmer for this.When his greedy neighbour heard about it, he took the ashes and when daimio was passing on the highway, he threw a handful of ashes over the tree. The tree did not blossom rather wind blew the fine dust in the noses and eyes of the daimio and his wife. That is why his neighbour was punished for the same act.

The daimio rewarded the farmer for making an old withered cherry tree blossom once again. Like the farmer, his greedy neighbour also sprinkled ashes over a withered cherry tree. However, the result this time was different. The tree did not blossom, while the wind blew the dust into the noses and eyes of the daimio and his wife. This was the reason why the greedy neighbour was punished.

When the wicked old farmer sprinkled the ash over the cherry tree it didn’t bring in any change on it. The fine particles of the ash fell into the eyes of daimyo and his wife. They began to cough and sneeze. All the lavishness of the procession was spoiled.

The dog when he was alive guided his master to a heap of gold. After his death, he appeared in a dream and asked his master to prepare a mortar and a mill from the woods of the pine tree. While making the rice pastries and bean sauce during the New Year using the mortar and the mill, the kind old couple again found gold dripping out from every drop of the sauce.

After the mortar and the mill had been burnt to ashes by the wicked neighbours, the dog again appeared in the farmer’s dream and asked the master to collect the ashes of the mortar and the mill and sprinkle them over the withered trees. The withered trees sprouted Into blossom. Being greatly pleased by the magic, they were rewarded with presents of silk robes, sponge- cake, fans and other things by the daimyo.

Correct option is C. sun

B. The pastry and sauce turned into foul mass of worms.

It was winter season and the cherry tree in the old couple’s garden was bare. The old man sprinkled a pinch of ashes and blossoms sprouted. Pink flowers came on the tree and their fragrance filled the air.

(i) - (b) The old farmer and his wife loved the dog as if it was their own baby.

B. it were their own baby.

lived comfortably and were generous towards their poor neighbours.

1. True

2. False

3. True

4. False

5. False

6. True

D. Both ‘A’ and ‘B.

The kind old couple treated the dog as their own child. The farmer’s wife had created a cushion made of blue crepe for the dog. During the meals, they used to feed the dog plenty of rice and titbits of fish from their own chopstick.

(ii) - (c) When the old couple became rich, they lived comfortably and were generous towards their poor neighbours.

D. scratching the ground.

A. a dead kitten

Cellular respiration resembles combustion in the following ways: 

(i) Breakdown of complex organic substances. 

(ii) Utilization of carbon dioxide. 

(iii) Release of energy

Breakdown of glucose into pyruvic acid is called glycolysis, while further processing of pyruvic acid through aerobic route is called Krebs’ cycle. Glycolysis happens in all living beings, while Krebs’ cycle happens in aerobes only. Glycolysis happens in cytoplasm, while Krebs’ cycle happens in mitochondria.