Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

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1.	BaTiO_(3) crystallizes in the prevoskite structure. This structure may be described as a cubic lattice with barium ions occupying the corner of the unit cell, oxide ions occupying the face-centers and titanium ion occupying the center of the unit cell. (a) If titanium is described as occupying holes in BaO lattice, what type of holes does it occupy? (b) What fraction of this type hole does it occupy ?
Answer» Solution :(a) Ti is present at the dbody centre i.e. it occupies OCTAHEDRAL HOLE. (b) No. of octahedral in c.c.p. = 4 FRACTIONAL of octahedral hole OCCUPIED = `(1)/(4)`

2.	Bath soap is a mixture of______.
Answer» potassium salts of higher FATTY acids SODIUM and CALCIUM salts of higher fatty acids potassium PALMITATE and sodium stearate sodium salts of higher fatty acids ANSWER :A

3.	Bassemer converter is used in the refining of :
Answer» PIG IRON steel wrought iron cast iron Answer :B

4.	Bassemer converter is used in the manufacture of
Answer» Pig iron Steel Wrough iron Cast iron Solution :Besser CONVERTER is used to PURIFY Pig Iron by passing COMPRESSED air over pig iron in Bessemer converter to produce SLAG. `2Mn+O_(2)rarr2MnO, Si+O_(2)rarrSiO_(2)` `2C+O_(2)rarr 2CO, MnO+SiO_(2)rarr underset("Slag")(MnSiO_(3))`

5.	BaSO_4 on fusing with Na_2CO_3 gives:
Answer» BAO `BaCO_3` `BaHCO_3` `CO_2` ANSWER :B

6.	BaSO_4 and carbon on heating reacts to produce
Answer» `Ba+SO_(2) + CO_(2)` `BaS + CO` `BaS + O_(2) + SO_(2)` `BaCO_(3) + S + O_(2)` SOLUTION :`BaSO_(4)+ 4C OVERSET("Heat")to BaS + 4CO` Thus, on heating they produce `BaS +4CO`.

7.	BaSO_4 is ionic and PCl_3 is covalent but a saturated solution of BaSO_4 is a weak electrolyte, while that the PCl_3 is a strong electrolyte. Explain.
Answer» Solution :`BaSO_(4)` has high lattice energy. It is very LESS soluble in water, EVEN in saturated solutions. The ionic concen-tration is in the order of `10^(-5)` M .Hence it is a wea electro-lyte. `PCl_(3)` is covalent. It undergoes HYDROLYSIS in water to give hydrochloric acid, which is a STRONG ELECTROLYTE.

8.	BaSO_4 acts as _____ for Pd in Rosenmunds reaction :
Answer» Promoter Poison Auto CATALYST None Answer :B

9.	Basicity order of N in following compound is: .
Answer» `bgtdgtagtc` `agtbgtdgtc` `agtbgtcgtd` `agtcgtbgtd` ANSWER :B

10.	Basicity order of following heterocycles are (##FIITJEE_CHE_MB_08_C03_E06_004_Q01.png" width="80%">
Answer» `1 GT 2 gt 3 gt 4` `1 gt 4 gt 2 gt 3` `3 gt 2 gt 1 gt 4` `4 gt 1 gt 3 gt 2` ANSWER :B

11.	Basicityof the followingaminesin aqueous mediumis (1) CH_(3) - NH_(2)(2) (CH_(3))_(2)NH (3) (CH_(3))_(2)N (4) NH_(3)
Answer» `1 GT 2 gt 3 gt 4` `3 gt 2 gt 1 gt 4` `2 gt 1GT 3 gt 4` `2 gt 3 gt 1 gt 4` Answer :C

12.	Basicity of the lanthanides depends upon
Answer» GAIN of electrons LOSS of electrons SHARING of electrons COUPLING of electrons Answer :B

13.	Basicity of phosphorous acid is ...........
Answer» 1 2 3 4 Answer :B

14.	Basicity of phosphorus acid (H_(3)PO_(3)) is.......
Answer» ANSWER :2

15.	Basicity of orthophosphoric acid is :
Answer» 2 3 4 1 Answer :B

16.	Basicity of orthophosphoric acid is
Answer» 2 3 4 5 Answer :2

17.	Basicity of H_3PO_2, H_2PO_3 and H_3PO_4 is not the same. Explain
Answer» Solution :In oxoacids of PHOSPHORUS, ONE OXYGEN makes P= 0 bonds. THEREFORE, `H_3PO_2, PO_3` and `H_3PO_4` can be represented as follows:

18.	Basicity of H_3PO_2, H_3PO_3 and H_3PO_4 is not the same. Explain
Answer» <P> Solution :In oxoacids of PHOSPHORUS, ONE oxygen MAKES P= 0 bonds. Therefore, `H_3PO_2, PO_3` and `H_3PO_4` can be represented as follows:

19.	Basicity of H_3 PO_3 in 2NaOH + H_3 PO_3 to Na_2 HPO_3 + 2H_2 Ois
Answer» 3 1 2 None of the above Answer :C

20.	Basicity of CH_(3)CH_(2)NH_(2)(I),CH_(3)CONH_(2)(II)and C_(6)H_(5)CONH_(2)(III) follows the order:
Answer» IgtIIgtIII IgtIIIgtII IIgtIIIgtI IIIgtIIgtI Solution :Due to DELOCALIZATION of electrons over the C=O group, amides are much less basic than amines. Thus, I is more basic than II and III. Now due to STRONG +R-effect of the `C_(6)H_(5)` group, it pushes electrons into the C=O group more readily than the `CH_(3)` group which can exert only it weak +I-effect. in other words, electrons on `NH_(2)` group in `CH_(3)CONH_(2)(II)` are more easily delocalised than on the `NH_(2)` group of `C_(6)H_(5)CONH_(2)(III)`. this means `C_(6)H_(5)CONH_(2)` is a stronger base than `CH_(3)CONH_(2)(II)`. thus, the OVERALL basicity decreases in the order: IgtIIIgtII.

21.	Basicityof aminesin gaseousstate is (1) (CH_(3))_(3)N(2) CH_(3)-NH_(2) (3) (CH_(3))_(2)NH (4)NH_(3)
Answer» `1 GT 2 gt 3 gt 4` `1 gt 3 gt 2 gt 4` `3 gt 1 gt 2 gt 4` `2 gt 3 gt 1 gt 4` ANSWER :B

22.	Basicity of any oxyacid of sulphur is
Answer» 3 4 2 1 Answer :C

23.	Basicity is defined by equilibrium constant for abstracting a proton. Nucleophilicity is defined by rate of attack on an electrophilic carbon atom, A species with a negative charge is stronger nucleophile than similar neutral species.Nucleophilicity decreases form left to right in periodic table and increases down the group in periodic table. As the size of similar type of negatively charged species increases, basicity increases and nuleophilicity decreases. Among the given pairs, in which first has lower nucleophilic character?
Answer» `CH_(3)OVERSET(Ɵ)SandCH_(3)OH` `CH_(3)CH_(2)overset(Ɵ)OandCH_(3)-overset(CH_(3))overset(\|)CH-overset(Ɵ)O` `overset(* )PH_(3)andoverset( *)NH_(3)` Solution :N/A

24.	Basicity is defined by equilibrium constant for abstracting a proton. Nucleophilicity is defined by rate of attack on an electrophilic carbon atom, A species with a negative charge is stronger nucleophile than similar neutral species.Nucleophilicity decreases form left to right in periodic table and increases down the group in periodic table. As the size of similar type of negatively charged species increases, basicity increases and nuleophilicity decreases. Which of the following negatively charged species has maximum basic character?
Answer» `CH_(3)OVERSET(Ɵ)O` `CH_(3)UNDERSET(CH_(3))underset(\|)overset(CH_(3))overset(\|)C-overset(Ɵ)O` Solution :As SIZE increases basicity increases.

25.	Basicity is defined by equilibrium constant for abstracting a proton. Nucleophilicity is defined by rate of attack on an electrophilic carbon atom, A species with a negative charge is stronger nucleophile than similar neutral species.Nucleophilicity decreases form left to right in periodic table and increases down the group in periodic table. As the size of similar type of negatively charged species increases, basicity increases and nuleophilicity decreases. Which of the following is incorrect order of nucleophilicity?
Answer» `overset(Ɵ)OHgtH_(2)O` `Et_(3)overset(* )PgtEt_(2)overset( *)S:` `I^(Ɵ)gtBr^(Ɵ)GTCL^(Ɵ)gtF^(Ɵ)` `Ooverset(Ɵ)Hgtoverset(Ɵ)SHgtoverset(Ɵ)SEH` Solution :As electronegativeity decreases nucleophilicity increases.

26.	Basically all soaps are made by boiling fats or oils with suitable soluble hydroxide. Variations are made by using different raw materials. Toilet soaps are prepared by using better grades of fats and oils and care is taken to remove excess alkali. Colour and perfumes are added to make these more attractive. Soaps that float in water are made by beating tiny air bubbles before their hardening. Transparent soaps are made by dissolving the soap in ethanol and then evaporating the excess solvent. In medicated soaps, substances of medicinal value are added. In some soaps, deodorants are added. Shaving soaps contain glycerol to prevent rapid drying. A gum called, rosin is added while making them. It forms sodium rosinate which lathers well. Laundry soaps contain fillers like sodium rosinate, sodium silicate, borax and sodium carbonate. Soap chips are made by running a thin sheet of melted soap onto a cool cylinder and scraping off the soaps in small broken pieces. How do we prepare transparent soap ?
Answer» SOLUTION :Transparent soaps are made by dissolving the SOAP in ETHANOL and then EVAPORATING the excess SOLVENT.

27.	Basically all soaps are made by boiling fats or oils with suitable soluble hydroxide. Variations are made by using different raw materials. Toilet soaps are prepared by using better grades of fats and oils and care is taken to remove excess alkali. Colour and perfumes are added to make these more attractive. Soaps that float in water are made by beating tiny air bubbles before their hardening. Transparent soaps are made by dissolving the soap in ethanol and then evaporating the excess solvent. In medicated soaps, substances of medicinal value are added. In some soaps, deodorants are added. Shaving soaps contain glycerol to prevent rapid drying. A gum called, rosin is added while making them. It forms sodium rosinate which lathers well. Laundry soaps contain fillers like sodium rosinate, sodium silicate, borax and sodium carbonate. Soap chips are made by running a thin sheet of melted soap onto a cool cylinder and scraping off the soaps in small broken pieces. Why do we add glycerol in the preparation of shaving soap ?
Answer» SOLUTION :Glycerol is ADDED so that the lather does not DRY RAPIDLY.

28.	Basically all soaps are made by boiling fats or oils with suitable soluble hydroxide. Variations are made by using different raw materials. Toilet soaps are prepared by using better grades of fats and oils and care is taken to remove excess alkali. Colour and perfumes are added to make these more attractive. Soaps that float in water are made by beating tiny air bubbles before their hardening. Transparent soaps are made by dissolving the soap in ethanol and then evaporating the excess solvent. In medicated soaps, substances of medicinal value are added. In some soaps, deodorants are added. Shaving soaps contain glycerol to prevent rapid drying. A gum called, rosin is added while making them. It forms sodium rosinate which lathers well. Laundry soaps contain fillers like sodium rosinate, sodium silicate, borax and sodium carbonate. Soap chips are made by running a thin sheet of melted soap onto a cool cylinder and scraping off the soaps in small broken pieces. Which additional materials are added in the preparation of laundry soap ?
Answer» SOLUTION :SODIUM rosinate, sodium SILICATE, BORAX and sodium CARBONATE.

29.	Basically all soaps are made by boiling fats or oils with suitable soluble hydroxide. Variations are made by using different raw materials. Toilet soaps are prepared by using better grades of fats and oils and care is taken to remove excess alkali. Colour and perfumes are added to make these more attractive. Soaps that float in water are made by beating tiny air bubbles before their hardening. Transparent soaps are made by dissolving the soap in ethanol and then evaporating the excess solvent. In medicated soaps, substances of medicinal value are added. In some soaps, deodorants are added. Shaving soaps contain glycerol to prevent rapid drying. A gum called, rosin is added while making them. It forms sodium rosinate which lathers well. Laundry soaps contain fillers like sodium rosinate, sodium silicate, borax and sodium carbonate. Soap chips are made by running a thin sheet of melted soap onto a cool cylinder and scraping off the soaps in small broken pieces. Why do we remove excess alkali from the soap ?
Answer» SOLUTION :ALKALI is HARMFUL for the skin. THEREFORE its removal is necessary.

30.	Basically all soaps are made by boiling fats or oils with suitable soluble hydroxide. Variations are made by using different raw materials. Toilet soaps are prepared by using better grades of fats and oils and care is taken to remove excess alkali. Colour and perfumes are added to make these more attractive. Soaps that float in water are made by beating tiny air bubbles before their hardening. Transparent soaps are made by dissolving the soap in ethanol and then evaporating the excess solvent. In medicated soaps, substances of medicinal value are added. In some soaps, deodorants are added. Shaving soaps contain glycerol to prevent rapid drying. A gum called, rosin is added while making them. It forms sodium rosinate which lathers well. Laundry soaps contain fillers like sodium rosinate, sodium silicate, borax and sodium carbonate. Soap chips are made by running a thin sheet of melted soap onto a cool cylinder and scraping off the soaps in small broken pieces. What is the general procedure of making soap ?
Answer» Solution :SOAPS in general are made by boiling fats or OILS with suitable SOLUBLE hydroxide.

31.	Basic propertiesof TiO_(2), ZrO_(2) and HfO_(2) are in the order :
Answer» `TiO_(2) lt ZrO_(2) lt HfO_(2)` `ZrO_(2)ltHfO_(2) lt TiO_(2)` `HfO_(2) ltTiO_(2)lt ZrO_(2)` `TiO_(2) lt HfO_(2) lt ZrO_(2)` Solution :Ti, Zr and Hf LIE in GROUP 4. The METAL oxides are basic and their basic character increases down the group

32.	Basic oxide is:
Answer» `Bi_2 O_3` `As_2 O_3` `P_2 O_3` `N_2 O_3` ANSWER :A

33.	Basic nature of the compounds of
Answer» Lanthanoids GT actinoids Lanthanoids lt actinoids Lanthanoids = actinoids they are neutral Solution :LANTHANOID HYDROXIDES are LESS BASIC than antinoid hydroxides

34.	Basic nature of compounds of
Answer» lanthanide `gt ` actinide lanthanide `lt `actinide lathanide = actinide none is correct Solution :We KNOW that, basic nature of compound, DEPENDS upon degree of DISSOCIATION, more the dossociation of compound, more the basicity. Dissociation ofcompound depends upon BOND LENGTH between metal and hydroxy group i.e. Dissociation of compound depends upon bond length betwen metal and hydroxy group i.e. M-OH. More the bond length more the dissociation. Actinides are larger size than lanthanides. Hencxe actinides compounds are more basic than lanthnide compounds.

35.	Basic lead carbonate is :
Answer» `PB(OH)_2. 2PbCO_3` `Pb(OH)_2. Pb(CH_3COO)_2` `PbCO_3` (PbCO_3)2.Pb(OH)_2` ANSWER :A

36.	Basic nature of H_(3)O^(+),H_(2)O and OH^(-) is in order
Answer» `H_(3)O^(+) LT H_(2)O lt OH^(-)` `H_(2)O lt OH^(-) lt H_(3)O^(-)` `OH^(-) lt H_(2)O lt H_(3)O^(+)` `OH^(-) =H_(3)O^(+)=H_(2)O` Answer :A

37.	Basic hydrolysis of ethyl acetate gives acetate ion and …........
Answer» ETHYL alcohol Ethoxide ion Acetaldehyde Acetone Answer :A

38.	Basic crystal systems known are:
Answer» 7 8 6 4 Solution :8

39.	Basic amino acid among these compounds is
Answer» LYSINE tyrosine proline serine Solution :Lysine is an AMINO ACID having a BASIC amino GROUP.

40.	Basic characters of Ln ^(3+) ion is
Answer» increases with IONIC size increases decreases with ionic size decreases increases with nuclear charge increases increases with ATOMIC NUMBER increases Answer :B

41.	Basic alpha-amino acids are
Answer» ASPARTIC ACID and histidine arginine and histidine leucine and histidine serine and histidine Answer :B

42.	Bases turn red litmus blue and acids turn blue litmus red A student tested a liquid with a red litmus paper and it styed red withnochange this shows that the liquid
Answer» I only 2 only both 1 and 2 neither 1 nor 2 Solution :Oxidationis PROCESS which SHOWS additons of OXYGEN or any other electropositive element or remvoal of HYDROGEN or any opther ELECTRONEGATIVE element

43.	Bases common to RNA and DNA are
Answer» adenine, guanine, CYTOSINE adenine , uracil, cytosine adenine, guanine, thymine guanine, uracil, thymine. Solution :ADENIN, guanine and cytosine are PRESENT in both RNA and DNA. DNA CONTAINS thymines while RNA contains uracil.

44.	Bases common to DNA and RNA are :
Answer» ADENINE, CYTOSINE ,URACIL Guanine , adenine ,cytosine Guanine , uracil , thymine Adenine , thymine , guanine Answer :B

45.	Based upon paragraph, 3 multiple choice questions have to be answered. Each question has 4 choices (A), (B). (C) and (D), out of which ONLY ONE is correct. Paragraph for Questions:The noble gases have closed-shell electronic configuration and are monoatomic gases under normal -conditions. The low boiling points of the lighter noble gases are due to weak dispersion forces between the atoms and the absence of other interatomic interactions.The direct reaction of xenon with fluorine leads to a series of compounds with oxidation numbers +2, +4 and +6. XeF_(4) reacts violently with water to give XeO_(3). The compounds of xenon exhibit rich stereochemistry and their geometries can be deduced considering the total number of electron pairs .: in the valence shell.QArgon is used in arc welding because of its
Answer» low reactivity with metal ABILITY to LOWER the melting point of metal ) flammability high calorific value Solution :Argon is USED mainly to provide an INERT ATMOSPHERE in high temperature metallurgical (arc welding of metals/alloys) extraction.

46.	Based upon paragraph, 3 multiple choice questions have to be answered. Each question has 4 choices (A), (B). (C) and (D), out of which ONLY ONE is correct. Paragraph for Questions:The noble gases have closed-shell electronic configuration and are monoatomic gases under normal -conditions. The low boiling points of the lighter noble gases are due to weak dispersion forces between the atoms and the absence of other interatomic interactions.The direct reaction of xenon with fluorine leads to a series of compounds with oxidation numbers +2, +4 and +6. XeF_(4) reacts violently with water to give XeO_(3). The compounds of xenon exhibit rich stereochemistry and their geometries can be deduced considering the total number of electron pairs .: in the valence shell.QThe structure-of XeO_(3), is
Answer» linear planar PYRAMIDAL T-shaped Solution :`SP^(3)` HYBRIDIZED pyramidal STRUCTURE,

47.	Based upon paragraph, 3 multiple choice questions have to be answered. Each question has 4 choices (A), (B). (C) and (D), out of which ONLY ONE is correct. Paragraph for Questions:The noble gases have closed-shell electronic configuration and are monoatomic gases under normal -conditions. The low boiling points of the lighter noble gases are due to weak dispersion forces between the atoms and the absence of other interatomic interactions.The direct reaction of xenon with fluorine leads to a series of compounds with oxidation numbers +2, +4 and +6. XeF_(4) reacts violently with water to give XeO_(3). The compounds of xenon exhibit rich stereochemistry and their geometries can be deduced considering the total number of electron pairs .: in the valence shell.QXeF_(4) and XeF_(5) are expected to be
Answer» oxidizing reducing unreactive strongly basic Solution :`6XeF_(4) +12H_(2)Oto4Xe + 2XeO_93) +24HF +3O_(2)` ` XeF_(6) + 3H_(2)Oto-XeO_(3) + 6HF`

48.	Based on which two opposite phenomena Langmuir derived adsorption isotherm equation ?
Answer» Adsorption and desorption of gas. RATE of condensation and rate of EVAPORATION become equal. Kinetic theory and COLLISION theory of gases. Opposing collision of gaseous MOLECULES. Solution :Adsorption and desorption of gas.

49.	Based on VSEPR theory, the number of 90^(@) degree F-Br-F angles in BrF_(5) is
Answer» Solution :Due to repulsion between bond PAIRS and lone pair, the Br atom is raised slightly above the plane of the FOUR BASAL F ATOMS. As a rsult, all the F-Br-F bond angles decrease from `90^(@)` to `84.8^(@)`.

50.	Based on VB theory explain why [Cr(NH_(3))_(6)]^(3+) is paramagnetic, while [Ni(CN)_(4)]^(2-) is diamagnetic.
Answer» SOLUTION :`(a)[Cr(NH_(3))_(6)]^(3+)` In this complex `Cr` is in the `+3` oxidation state. Electronic configuration of `Cr` atom Electronic configuration of `Cr^(3+)` ion Hybridisation and formation of `[Cr(NH_(3))_(6)]^(3+)` complex Due to the presence of three unpaired ELECTRONS in `[Cr(NH_(3))_(6)]^(3+)` it behaves as a paramagnetic substance. The spin magnetic MOMENT, `mus=sqrt(3(3+2))=sqrt(15)=3.87BM` `[Cr(NH_(3))_(6)]^(3+)` is an inner ORBITAL octahedral complex. `(b) [NI(CN)_(4)]^(2-)` In this complex `Ni` is in the `+2` oxidation state. Electronic configuration of `Ni` atom Electronic configuration of `Ni^(2+)` ion Hybridisation and formation of `[Ni(CN)_(4)]^(2-)` Complex Since `CN^(-)` is strong field ligand, hence the electrons in `3d` orbitals are forced to pair up and there is no unpaired electron in `[Ni(CN)_(4)]^(2-)`, hence it should be diamagnetic substance.