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This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 1401. |
Question : What is the site of karyogamy and meiosis in Ascomycetes? |
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Answer» Ascus |
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| 1402. |
Question : What is the site of glycolysis pathway in all living organisms |
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Answer» Cytoplasm in ANAEROBES WHEREAS MITOCHONDRIA in AEROBES |
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| 1404. |
Question : What is the significance of thermostable DNA polymerase during PCR ?From where is this DNA polymerase extracted ? |
| Answer» Solution :During PCR, repeated amplification of DNA is achieved usign thermo-stable DNA polymerase which remains ACTIVE during HIGH temperatureinduced denaturation of DOUBLE STRANDED DNA. The enzyme is isolated from a BACTERIUM Thermus aquatiocus. | |
| 1405. |
Question : What is the significance of the slope of regression in a species area relationship ? |
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Answer» Solution :When the analysis of species-area relationship is done amongst small areas, the values of slopes of REGRESSION are SIMILAR irrespective of the TAXONOMIC group or the region. Nevertheless when such an analysis is done amongst large areas like continents the SLOPE of regression would be much STEEPER. |
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| 1406. |
Question : What is the significance of the process of RNA interference in eukaryotic organisms? |
| Answer» Solution :RNA interference act as cellular DEFENCE in all eukaryotic ORGANISMS. | |
| 1407. |
Question : What is the significance of the Lederberg's experiment? |
| Answer» Solution : It demonstrates that pre-existing sene MUTATION is the BASIS of ADAPTATION. | |
| 1408. |
Question : What is the significance of the Lederberg experiment ? |
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Answer» |
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| 1409. |
Question : What is the significance of 'sticky ends' formed by restriction endonuclease? |
| Answer» Solution :DNA MOLECULES CUT by the same restriction ENDONUCLEASE have the same sticky ends. These can be joined with same complementary ends of DNA FRAGMENTS from the same or some other sources of enzyme | |
| 1410. |
Question :What is the signficance of selectable marker in cloning vector ? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :SELECTABLE markers HELPS in identifying and eliminating non-TRANSFORMANTS and selectively permitting the GROWTH of the transformants. | |
| 1411. |
Question : What is the significance of the slope of regression in a species - area relationship? |
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Answer» Solution :German Naturalist and Geographer Alexander von Humboldt explored the wilderness of south American jungles and found that within a region the species richness increased with increasing area but upto a certain limit. The relationship between species richness and area for a wide variety of TAXA (angiosperm plants, BIRDS, BATS and freshwater fishes) turned out to be the rectangular hyperbola. On a logarithmic scale, the relationship is a straight line described by the equation. `log S = log C+ Z log A` where S = Species richness A= Area Z = Slope of the line (regression coefficient) C= Y-intercept Regression coefficient Z GENERALLY has a value of 0.1-0.2 regardless of taxonomic group or region. However, in case of the species-area relationship Area in very large areas like entire continents, the slope of the line appears to be much steeper (Z-value in the range of 0.6-1.2). For example, in case of the fruit EATING (frugivorous) birds and mammals in the tropical forests of different continents, the slope is found to be a steeper line. 
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| 1412. |
Question : What is the significance of RNA editing? |
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Answer» Solution :(i) In higher plant chloroplast, it helps to RESTORE the codons for conserved aminoacids which include INITIATION and TERMINATION codon. (ii) It regulates organellar gene expression in plants. (iii) RNA EDITING results in the restoration of codons for PHYLOGENETICALLY conserved amino acid residues. |
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| 1413. |
Question : What is the significance of reduction division in spermatogenesis ? |
| Answer» Solution :Reduce CHROMOSOME number to HALF (haploid) in gamete to RESTORE the diploid condition in ZYGOTE (2N) | |
| 1414. |
Question : What is the significance of progesterone-estrogen combination as a contraceptive measure ? |
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Answer» Solution :Progestogene in COMBINATION with estrogen play an IMPORTANT role in contraceptive. They are also known as pills. They inhibit ovulation and implantation. It can be USED by females as INJECTIONS or implants under the skin. Their mode of actions is similar to that of pills but their effective periods are much LONGER. |
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| 1415. |
Question : What is the significance of polar body formation during oogenesis? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :These get very little cytoplasm which HELPS in preserving all the food in ONE ovum. | |
| 1416. |
Question : What is the significance of ploidy? |
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Answer» SOLUTION :(i) Many POLYPLOIDS are more vigorous and more adaptable than diploids. (ii) Many ornamental plants are autotetraploids and have larger flower and longer flowering duration than diploids. (III) Autopolyploids USUALLY have INCREASE in fresh weight due to more water content. |
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| 1417. |
Question : What is the significance of meiosis :- |
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Answer» The conversion of specific chromosome number of each species is achieved across ganerations in sexually REPRODUCING ORGANISMS. |
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| 1418. |
Question : What is the significance of juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) in kidney function? |
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Answer» Solution :(1) Juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) is the region in kidney which regulates the FUNCTIONING of kidney. (2) Cells of JGA can secrete renin upon ACTIVATION. (3) Cells of JGA are activated by fall in glomerular blood pressure (GFR). (4) Renin converts angiotensinogen into angiotensin. These two substances TOGTHER form renin-angiotensin mechanism for regulating kidney functioning. |
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| 1419. |
Question : What are thesignificanceof fertilization? |
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Answer» SOLUTION :(i)Itstimulates theovarytodevelopintofruit . (II) It HELPS indevelopmentof newcharactersfromtwodifferent INDIVIDUALS . |
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| 1420. |
Question : What is the significance of implantation? |
| Answer» Solution :Implanatation PROTECTS the EMBRYO and helps it to DERIVE NOURISHMENT from the mother's body through PLACENTA. | |
| 1421. |
Question : What is the significance of fertilisin-antifertilisin reaction? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :The reaction THINS out the number of sperm REACHING the OVUM to reduce the chances of POLYSPERMY. | |
| 1422. |
Question : Whatis the significance of epididymis in male fertility? |
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Answer» Solution :Epididymis HELPS in maturation of sperms, to obtain motility in more AMOUNT, to obtain the capacity of fertilization. Epididymis stores sperms before sperms enter into VAS DEFERENS. Epididymis show peristaltic and SEGMENTING contraction at regular intervals of time for expulsion of sperms from testis. |
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| 1423. |
Question : What is the significance of clitellum in leech? |
| Answer» Solution : In leech, a TEMPORARY clitellum is formed on SEGMENTS 9 - 11, which is MEANT to produce a cocoon during the BREEDING season. | |
| 1424. |
Question : What is the significance of caecum in rabbit? |
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Answer» SOLUTION :(i) Caecum is a thin walled sac present in the junction of SMALL intestine and large intestine. (II) It contains BACTERIA that HELPS in digestion of cellulose. |
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| 1425. |
Question : What is the significance of BOD? |
| Answer» Solution :BOD is a measure of the ORGANIC matter PRESENT in the water. | |
| 1426. |
Question : What is the significance of ampullary-isthmic junction in the female reproductive tract? |
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Answer» Solution :The fertilization of ovum and sperm takes place in oviduct, CONNECTING regionof isthmus and ampulla. Note : If sperm and ovum fuses together in connecting REGION of isthmus and ampulla. All ceitus PROCESSES do not make POSSIBLE the PREGNANCY. |
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| 1427. |
Question : What is the significance of adding proteases at the time of isolation of genetic material (DNA)? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :Enzyme proteases are USED to degrade proteins PRESENT insidecell from which DNA is to be isolated. Because proteins INTERFERE with the downstream TREATMENT of DNA. | |
| 1428. |
Question : What is the significance of adding proteases at the time of isolation of genetic material (DNA) ? |
| Answer» Solution :Role of PROTEASES is to degrade the proteins present inside a cell (from which DNA is being ISOLATED). Presence of proteins in preparation COULD interfere with any downstream DNA treatment of DNA (such action of restriction endonuclease, DNA LIGASE etc). | |
| 1429. |
Question : What is the shape of pyramind of biomass in sea ? Why s o ? |
| Answer» Solution :Inverted, because biomass of FISHES FAR exceeds that of phytoplankton. | |
| 1430. |
Question : What is the shape of chromosome 4-5 in human karyotype? |
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Answer» Metacentric |
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| 1431. |
Question : What is the scientific term for male gamete ? |
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Answer» |
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| 1434. |
Question : What is the roleof cervix in the human female reproductive system? |
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Answer» Solution :(i) Fonds (The upper tip part of uterus) : It is broad, curved and dome shapedregion that obtains OVIDUCT. (ii) Body : It is a main part of uterus. It starts from the level of oviduct and MOVES downward walls of uterus and leads till lumen becomes NARROW. (iii) Isthmus : Isthmus has a narrow lumen and it joins the uterus. (iv) CERVIX : It the lower most region extended downwards till isthmus and opens into vagina that that much region. |
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| 1435. |
Question : What is the role of thymosin? |
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Answer» Solution :1. Thymosin helps in the DIFFERENTIATION of T-lyhmphocytes. These cells are then used to build up CELL- mediated immunity. 2. Thymosin promotes the production of antibodies which provide humoral immunity. 3. Thymosin helps in DEVELOPMENT of immune system. |
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| 1436. |
Question : What is the role of subcutaneous fat, called blubber in whales and seals? |
| Answer» Solution :Blubber acts as an insulator and does not allow body heat to ESCAPE out of the body. This is the reason, whales are able to survive in COLD waters of arctic and SUBARCTIC REGION. | |
| 1437. |
Question : What is the role of spleen in Human body? |
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Answer» Solution :Spleen is a bean shaped and largest organ in the lymphatic system. The spleen is located under the ribcage and above the stomach in the upper left quadrant of the abdomen. Spleen mainly contains lymphocytes and phagocytes. It acts as a filter of the body by trapping BLOOD borne MICRO organisms. Spleen also has the largest reservoir of erythrocytes. OLD red blood cells are recycled in the spleen and platelets and white blood cells are stored in spleen. Spleen also HELPS in fighting certain KIND of bacteria that causes pneumonia and meningitis. |
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| 1438. |
Question : What is the role of RNA-mediated interference? |
| Answer» Solution : RNA-mediated INTERFERENCE (RNAi) is a technique by which the activity of a specific gene in crop plants is inhibited by introducing a gene that PRODUCES both sense and antisense strands of MRNA. These two strands pair to form a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). It breaks into SMALL fragments, CALLED short interference RNAs (siRNAs). siRNA molecules bind to protein forming RNA Induced Silencing Complex (RISC). RISC cleave mRNA having complementary base sequence and makes the related gene silent. This method is used to silence the genes of microbes or other parasites that enter the eukaryotic hosts. | |
| 1439. |
Question : What is the role of NEERI? |
| Answer» Solution :NEERI (NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Research Institute) measures and controls the magnitude of air POLLUTION by establishing air MONITORING centres in mega cities. | |
| 1440. |
Question : What is the role of histamine in inflammatory response? Name few drugs which reduce the symptoms of allergy. |
| Answer» Solution :Histamine acts as allergy-mediator which cause blood vessles to dilate.It is realesed by mast CELLS. ANTIHISTAMINE steroids and adernaline quickly REDUCE the symptoms of allergy. | |
| 1441. |
Question : What is the role of histamine in inflammatory response ? Name few drugs which reduce symptoms of allergy? |
| Answer» Solution :Histamine ACTS as ALLERGY mediator which cause blood vessels to dilate. It is released by mast CELLS. ANTIHISTAMINE, steroids and adrenaline QUICKLY reduce symptoms of allergy. | |
| 1442. |
Question : What is the role of hormone relaxin during parturition ? |
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Answer» Dialation of cervix and vagina and RELAXATION of PELVIC girdle. |
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| 1443. |
Question : What is the role of fimbriae? |
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Answer» a) Secretion of oestrogen and prolactin. |
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| 1444. |
Question : What is the role of DNA ligase in genetic engineering ? |
| Answer» Solution :DNA ligase enzyme JOINS the SUGAR and phosphate molecules of double stranded DNA (DSDNA) with 5 . - `PO_4 and a 3. - OH` in an Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) dependent reaction. This is isolated from t4 phage. | |
| 1445. |
Question : What is the role of alkaline phosphatase in genetic engineering ? |
| Answer» Solution :Itis a DNA modifying enzymes and adds or REMOVES specific phosphate GROUP at 5' terminus of DOUBLE straned DNA (DSDNA) or single stranded DNA (ssDNA) or RNA . It prevents self LIGATION . | |
| 1446. |
Question : What is the role of baker's yeast in bread making? |
| Answer» Solution : It causes ALCOHOLIC fermentation of sugars of wheat FLOUR and forms ethanol and `CO_@` . This leavens the dough. The leavened dough on BAKING becomes soft and porous as the ethanol and `CO_2`EVAPORATE. | |
| 1447. |
Question : What is the role of birth control pills? |
| Answer» Solution :Birth CONTROL PILLS are contraceptive pills that CHECK the ovulation by inhibiting the secretion of FSH and LH. This STOPS the release of the OVUM and thus unwanted pregnancies are avoided by physiological contraception. | |