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A biological term co-ordinated transfer of two phospholipid MOLECULES from opposite SIDES of a lipid BIA- layer MEMBRANE.

A gametophyte is a stage in the life cycle of plants and algae that undergo alternation of generations. It is a haploid multicellular organism that develops from a haploid sporethat has one set of CHROMOSOMES. The gametophyte is the sexual phase in the life cycle of plants and algae. It develops sex organs that produce gametes, haploid sex cells that participate in FERTILIZATION to form a diploid zygote in which each cell has TWO sets of chromosomes. Cell DIVISION of the zygote results in a new diploid multicellular organism, the second stage in the life cycle known as the SPOROPHYTE, the function of which is to produce haploid spores by meiosis.



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THIRUVANANTHAPURAM: DNA TESTS will be conducted to identify the dead bodies of fishermen who lost their lives as Ockhicyclone left a trail of destruction in coastal Kerala. Sixteen dead bodies have been brought to medical college hospital here and six bodies have been identified so far.
DNA tests will be carried out to identify the REMAINING ones as relatives of missing fishermen who turn up at the hospital are unable to identify the bodies in rotten state. The authorities had tried in vain various means LIKE trying to identify body marks, TATTOOS, clothes worn by the victims. DNA test was EARLIER conducted to identify the charred bodies of victims of Puttingal temple tragedy.

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Elp Me Understand Genetics

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Can changes in the number of chromosomes affect health and development?

Human cells normally contain 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46 chromosomes in each cell. A change in the number of chromosomes can cause problems with growth, development, and function of the body's systems. These changes can occur during the formation of reproductive cells (eggs and sperm), in early fetal development, or in any cell after birth. A gain or loss of chromosomes from the NORMAL 46 is called aneuploidy.

A COMMON form of aneuploidy is trisomy, or the presence of an extra chromosome in cells. "Tri-" is Greek for "three"; people with trisomy have three copies of a particular chromosome in cells instead of the normal two copies. Down syndrome is an EXAMPLE of a condition caused by trisomy. People with Down syndrome TYPICALLY have three copies of chromosome 21 in each cell, for a total of 47 chromosomes per cell.

Monosomy, or the loss of one chromosome in cells, is another kind of aneuploidy. "Mono-" is Greek for "one"; people with monosomy have one copy of a particular chromosome in cells instead of the normal two copies. Turner syndrome is a condition caused by monosomy. Women with Turner syndrome usually have only one copy of the X chromosome in every cell, for a total of 45 chromosomes per cell.

Rarely, some cells end up with complete extra sets of chromosomes. Cells with one additional set of chromosomes, for a total of 69 chromosomes, are called triploid. Cells with two additional sets of chromosomes, for a total of 92 chromosomes, are called tetraploid. A condition in which every cell in the body has an extra set of chromosomes is not compatible with life.

In some cases, a change in the number of chromosomes occurs only in certain cells. When an individual has two or more cell populations with a different chromosomal makeup, this SITUATION is called chromosomal mosaicism. Chromosomal mosaicism occurs from an error in cell division in cells other than eggs and sperm. Most commonly, some cells end up with one extra or missing chromosome (for a total of 45 or 47 chromosomes per cell), while other cells have the usual 46 chromosomes. Mosaic Turner syndrome is one example of chromosomal mosaicism. In females with this condition, some cells have 45 chromosomes because they are missing one copy of the X chromosome, while other cells have the usual number of chromosomes.

Many cancer cells also have changes in their number of chromosomes. These changes are not inherited; they occur in somatic cells (cells other than eggs or sperm) during the formation or progression of a cancerous tumor.


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Understanding the effect of single NUCLEOTIDE polymorphisms (SNPS) on the expression level of genes is an important goal. We recently published a study in which we devised a multi-SNP predictive model for gene expression in Lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL), and showed that it can robustly predict the expression of a small number of genes in TEST individuals. Here, we validate the generality of our models by predicting expression profiles for genes in LCL in an independent study, and extend the pool of predictable genes for which we are able to explain more than 25% of their expression variability to 232 genes across 14 different cell types. As the number of people who obtained their SNP profiles through COMPANIES such as 23andMe is rising rapidly, we developed GenoExp , a web-based tool in which users can upload their individual SNP data and obtain predicted expression levels for the set of predictable genes across the 14 different cell types. Our tool thus allows users with biological knowledge to study the possible effects that their set of SNPs might have on these genes and predict their cell-specific expression levels relative to the population average.

Normal heart rate is nearly equals to 60to 100 heart BEATS per minute. if heart rate increased more than this in RESTING state then there is risk of DEATH of person.
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Laboratory thermometers are used to MEASURE temperatures or TEMPERATURE changes with a high degree of precision. They are made of METAL or glass and strengthened through thermal tempering or annealing. The way a laboratory thermometer works DEPENDS upon its TYPE.

A HERBARIUM (plural: HERBARIA) is a collection of preserved plant SPECIMENS and associated DATA used for SCIENTIFIC study. ... The same term is often used in mycology to describe an equivalent collection of preserved fungi, otherwise known as a fungarium. A xylarium is a herbarium specialising in specimens of wood.

The Miller–Urey experiment[1] (or Miller experiment)[2] was a chemical experimentthat simulated the conditions thought at the time to be present on the EARLY EARTH, and tested the chemical origin of life under those conditions. The experiment supported Alexander Oparin's and J. B. S. Haldane's hypothesis that putative conditions on the primitive Earth favoured chemical reactions that synthesized more complex organic compounds from simpler inorganic precursors. Considered to be the classic experiment investigating abiogenesis, it was CONDUCTED in 1952[3] by Stanley Miller, with assistance from Harold Urey, at the University of Chicago and later the University of California, San Diego and published the following year.[4][5][6]

After Miller's death in 2007, scientists examining sealed vials preserved from the original experiments were able to show that there were ACTUALLY well over 20 different amino acids produced in Miller's original experiments. That is considerably more than what Miller originally reported, and more than the 20 that naturally occur in life.[7] More recent evidence suggests that Earth's original atmosphere might have had a composition different from the gas used in the Miller experiment. But prebiotic experiments continue to produce racemic mixtures of simple to complex compounds under varying conditions.[8]



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Sperm is the male reproductive ORGAN
it helps in the PROCESS of reproduction
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The PROCESS is known as spermiogenesis.


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Cycling is the best exercise as it leads to full BODY motion. Also It burns more CALORIES than walking. That is why,cycling is the best for WEIGHT loss






plz MARK as BRAINLIEST

Buccal cavity in which the COUGH is PREPARE in human BODY

Because in the because in the PLACE of NUCLEUS they have NUCLEOLUS as nucleus and they do not have NUCLEAR MEMBRANE

The Green Revolution was started in INDIA by then Prime Minister Late Shri Lal Bahadur SHASTRI, who gave the slogan of “Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan”, according to which, to make the country powerful from security point of, view, is the RESPONSIBILITY of the soldiers, while making it self sufficient in the field of food grains, is the responsibility of the farmers.

American agronomist, “Father of the Green Revolution” and Nobel laureate, Dr Norman BORLAUG (left) advising a farmer on wheat developmental programs during his visit to Bombay on MARCH 14, 1971.

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In cell biology, contact inhibition refers to two different but closely related PHENOMENA: contact inhibition of locomotion (CIL) and contact inhibition of proliferation (CIP). CIL refers to the avoidance behavior exhibited by fibroblast-like cells when in contact with one another.[1] In most cases, when two cells contact each other, they attempt to alter their locomotion in a different DIRECTION to avoid future collision. When collision is unavoidable, a different phenomenon occurs whereby growth of the cells of the culture itself EVENTUALLY stops in a cell-density dependent manner.[2] Both types of contact inhibition are well-known properties of normal cells and contribute to the regulation of proper tissue growth, differentiation, and DEVELOPMENT. It is worth noting that both types of regulation are normally negated and overcome during organogenesis during embryonic development and tissue and wound HEALING. However, contact inhibition of locomotion and proliferation are both aberrantly absent in cancer cells, and the absence of this regulation contributes to tumorigenesis.[3]

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Sex MEANS gender.there R two TYPES of gender male and female .DONT try to get double meaning

Yes

becz, BACTERIA LIKES GLUCOSE

I THINK OPTION C VEGETABLES and FRUITS

It is APROCESS of PREPARING COMPOST with the HELP of ORGANISMS

The SMALL INTESTINE

Alveolar SACS are the air sacs present in the HUMAN lungs.Here the process of gaseous EXCHANGE occurs.

Villi are SMALL finger like projections present in the INNER walls of small intestine.They have numerous blood vessels that absorb the nutrients in small intestine.

Weeds are a hidden foe for crop plants, interfering with their functions and suppressing their growth and development. Yield LOSSES of ∼34% are caused by weeds among the major crops, which are grown worldwide. These yield losses are higher than the losses caused by other pests in the crops. Sustainable weed management is needed in the wake of a huge decline in crop outputs due to weed pressure. A diversity in weed management tools ensures sustainable weed control and REDUCES chances of herbicide resistance development in weeds. Allelopathy as a tool, can be importantly used to combat the challenges of environmental pollution and herbicide resistance development. This review article provides a recent update regarding the practical application of allelopathy for weed control in agricultural systems. Several studies elaborate on the significance of allelopathy for weed management. RYE, sorghum, rice, sunflower, rape seed, and wheat have been documented as important allelopathic crops. These crops express their allelopathic potential by releasing allelochemicals which not only suppress weeds, but also promote underground microbial activities. Crop cultivars with allelopathic potentials can be grown to suppress weeds under field conditions. Further, several types of allelopathic plants can be intercropped with other crops to smother weeds. The use of allelopathic cover crops and mulches can reduce weed pressure in field crops. Rotating a routine crop with an allelopathic crop for one season is another method of allelopathic weed control. Importantly, plant breeding can be explored to improve the allelopathic potential of crop cultivars. In conclusion, allelopathy can be utilized for suppressing weeds in field crops. Allelopathy has a pertinent significance for ecological, sustainable, and integrated weed management systems.

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D) BLUE and green


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A ) PLASTICS MATERIALS are to be COLLECTED in BLUE BIN

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Here is your ANSWER,

In attachment.

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The ANS is OPTION d

A .. they are DUMPED in COMPOST MAKING AREAS

Stalk with which  ovule remains attached to PLACENTA is known as FUNICLE.


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Inside the mitochondria and PLASTIDS there is RIBOSOMES are PRESENT which helps in protein SYNTHESIS