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Unless removed, this phenolic contaminant causes distinct lag pe- riods in the initial RATE, most noticeable at low enzyme activity … buffer, pH 5.5; the sample is loaded and then eluted with a NaCI gradient (0- 0.14 M, total volume of 600 ml) … 4 These enzymes are the ligninases …Environmental …, 1995 - Am Soc Microbiol

… 61, 1995 ENZYMES OF P. RADIATA PRODUCED DURING SSF … Production of MULTIPLE ligninases by Phanerochaete chrysosporium: effect of selected growth conditions and use of mutant strain. Enzyme Microb … 1987. Enzymatic combustion: the microbial degradation of lignin …

The movement of water from a REGION of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration through a semi permeable surface is called osmosis.
1 wilting of skin in human body
2 water absorbed by plant roots
3 in our RO filters.
4 SALT applied to french FRIES PICKS up all the water in them thus making them more crispy.
5a fish of saline water if put in fresh water would not survive as it will SOAK all fresh water.

When animal cells take in FOOD, these enzymes help in digesting that food. These enzymes ALSO digest any kind of worn out cell organelles or foreign materials like bacteria or viruses that ENTER the cell. ... HENCE, lysosomes are called suicide bags of the cell

A guard cell is an epidermal cell that can open the stomata to take in or release oxygen, carbon dioxide and water, consequently enabling these molecules to travel through the stomata. Guard cells are shaped like kidneys or sausages and the walls NORMALLY vary in rigidity.


Epidermis, in botany, outermost, protoderm-derived layer of cells covering the stem, root, leaf, flower, fruit, and seed parts of a plant. The epidermis and its waxy cuticle provide a protective barrier against MECHANICAL INJURY, water LOSS, and INFECTION.

AsH15Na2O11 is the ANSWER

Hey mate here is your answer...
Prokaryotes is a unicellular ORGANISMS that LACKS the memberance BOUND nucleus.

eukaryotes are the organisms whose cells have a nucleus enclosed within memberance.

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MAR it as BRAINLIST answer....

The camels have NUCLEATED RBC. Like in all MAMMALS, camel erythrocytes(RBCs) do have a nucleus and other organelles when first formed (in bone MARROW), and in all mammals, these are ejected upon MATURITY (MAKING more room for oxygen transporting hemoglobin).

In skeletal muscle CELLS, the action potential duration is approximately 2-5 ms. In contrast, the duration of cardiac action potentials range from 200 to 400 ms. Another difference between cardiac and nerve and muscle action potentials is the role of calcium IONS in depolarization.

An action potential OCCURS when a neuron sends information down an axon, away from the cell body. Neuroscientists use other words, such as a "spike" or an "impulse" for the action potential. ... Action potentials are caused when different ions cross the neuron membrane. A STIMULUS first causes sodium channels to open.

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A bag valve MASK, abbreviated to BVM and SOMETIMES known by the proprietary name Ambu bag or generically as a MANUAL resuscitator or "self-inflating bag", is a hand-held device commonly used to provide POSITIVE pressure ventilation to patients who are not breathing or not breathing adequately.

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Lignin in PLANT fills the space in the CELLWALL between cellulose.it SUPPORT TISSUES:xylem TRACHIEDS,vessel elemnt and sclereid.the crosslinking by lingnin is an obstacle for water absorbation to cellwall

cutin covered with wax seals the aerial organs of surface to protect the plant against uncontrolled waterloss

Basically when AIR FILLS our alveoli, by the process of DIFFUSION, only oxygenin the air is taken into the blood stream while the other gases along with the WASTE CO2 is exhaled. So you dobreathe in nitrogen, but it is exhaled as it is by the body.


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The word biology is COMPOSED of BIO which MEANS life and logy which means study .Thus biology means study about living things .It has also two BRANCHES which are zoology and phytology .Father of biology is Aristotle

1.grow more and more PLANTS
2.help in decreasing POLLUTION
3.minimum USE of mobiles because ulteravoilt rays ALSO deplete it

They have a ceolome NAMED haemoceolome that have AIR BUBBLES INSIDE it

The ROLE of STOMATA is to REMOVE waste water from LEAVES

It's a NUTRIENT.....

The hypothesis that EUKARYOTIC cells evolved from a symbiotic ASSOCIATION of prokaryotes—endosymbiosis—is particularly WELL supported by studies of MITOCHONDRIA and chloroplasts, which are thought to have evolved from bacteria LIVING in large cells.

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Lysosomes are a kind of WASTE disposal system of a cell. lysosomes help to keep the cell clean by digesting any foreign materials as WELL as worn out cell organelles. foreign materials entering the cell such as bacteria or food as well as old organelles end up in the lysosomes which break them into small pieces. lysosomes are able to do this because they contain powerful digestive ENZYMES capable of BREAKING down all organic material. during the disturbance in cellular METABOLISM for example when the cell gets damaged lysosomes may burst and the enzymes digest their own cell therefore they are known as suicidal bags of a cell. structurally lysosomes are membrane bound sacs filled with digestive enzymes .these enzymes are made by r e r.

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Spinal CORD is the posterior EXTENSIONS of medulla oblengata. It is a neural canal of vertibral column. In adults being it is 42 - 45 cm long and 2 cm thick.






It is soft, whitish slightly flattened, CYLINDRICAL tube. with narrow cavity called central canal. Posterior end tapers to form conus medullaries cavity called central canal.





Spinal cord shows cervical swelling and lumber swelling. It control spinal reflexes and minimizes the load of the brain.




T.S of spinal cord shows inner H shaped grey matter surrounding the central canal. It contains cytons or cell bodies of neurons.






2 Dorsolateral horns and 2 ventrolateral horns give H shapped appearance .





From human spinal cord 31 PAIRS of spinal nerves arises .





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Hello Rittika...

Here is your answer -
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Neuromuscular Junction -

A synapse between skeletal muscle and motor neurone is known as Neuromuscular junction or Myoneural Junction.

For the contraction of skeletal muscle, it must be stimulated by motor neuron.
It helps in synaptic transmission. Synaptic transmission means the synapse which leads to muscular excitation.

Myasthenia GRAVIS is an example of Neuromuscular DISEASE.
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Cerebrum -

It is the LARGEST part of the brain. It is also considered as the most complex part. It is divided into two halves left and right hemispheres which are connected with each other through Corpus Callosum. Corpus Callosum is a bundle of myleinated FIBRES. The grey matter of Cerebrum is cerebral cortex which is an outer part as well. It's surface is largely folded in which upward folds are Gyri and inward folds are Sulci.

Lobes of Cerebrum -
1. Frontal lobe.
2. TEMPORAL lobe.
3. Perital lobe.
4. Occipital lobe.

Functional Areas -
1. Sensory area - It receives impulse.
2. Association area - This area involves in memory, learning and reasoning.
3. Motor area - It transmits impluses to effector organs.
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Because it is MADE up of THIN CELL WALLS

The term “psychosomatic DISORDER” is mainly used to mean “a physical disease that is thought to be caused, or made worse, by mental factors.” The term is also used when mental factors CAUSE physical symptoms but where there is no physical disease. For example, CHEST PAIN may be caused by stress and no physical disease can be found.

A number of factors may play a role in psychosomatic disorders, such as personality traits; genetic or environmental family influences; biological factors; learned behavior and more.

Treatment of Psychosomatic Disorders

Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) is often the treatment of CHOICE for a psychosomatic disorder.

Tetanus is used to ACTIVE immunity and prevents tetanus infection by DEVELOPING antibodies to help them out.

They protect the body form future exposure and it will TAKE approximately 30 days to increase the immunity.

Antitoxin will neutralize the toxins that are released by Clostridium tetani.

When a wound bleeds, it increases the chance to expose to bacteria that will give full OPPORTUNITY to tetanus to infect it.

Hence, it will give quicker ACTION.

Bacteria grow to a fixed SIZE and then REPRODUCE through binary fission, a form of asexual reproduction. Under optimal conditions, bacteria can grow and divide EXTREMELY rapidly, and bacterial populations can double as QUICKLY as every 9.8 minutes. In cell division, two identical clone daughter cells are PRODUCED.
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☺☺ HEYA MATE !!

YOUR ANSWER IS => HAPPY .

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The fast food like Chowmein and burger it have no any nutritional value it only kill our hunger but not give any BENEFITS to our body it is very harmful for the HUMAN health it make us several DISEASES like jaundice stomach PAIN constipation etc

The endosperm of a coconut is the product of fertilization that CREATES the kernel of thecoconut. It is a NUTRITIVE TISSUE that help in the growth of an EMBRYO. The differencebetween the coconut WATER and kernel is that kernal is the dried meat of the coconut, while coconut water is the byproduct of it.

Mongolism or Down's Syndrome is an autosomal disease caused due to the trisomy of the 21st chromosome as a result of non separation of chromosomes. Trisomy 21 can result from non separation of the chromosomes in the mother , non separation in the father and after the EGG and sperm have merged .It is a CHROMOSOMAL DISORDER , so it is neither dominant or recessive. As it is an autosomal disorder , so it does not matter whether the male parent or female parent is affected.Thus , if the mother is affected then there are 50% chance of having OFFSPRINGS , with Down Syndrome as two types of gametes produced by affected mother........


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Archaea have more complex RNA polymerases than Bacteria, SIMILAR to Eucarya. Unlike bacteria, archaea CELL WALLS do not contain peptidoglycan.Archaea have different MEMBRANE lipid bonding from bacteria and eukarya. There are geneticdifferences.

Because blood in auricles come in huge PRESSURE so to MAINTAIN rigidity they r THICK

To ADD more of the enzyme.

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Tapeworms are flat, segmented worms that LIVE in the intestines of some ANIMALS. Animals can become infected with these parasites when grazing in pastures or drinking contaminated water. Eating undercooked MEAT from infected animals is the main cause of tapeworm INFECTION in people

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tRNA is called an ADAPTER MOLECULE because it ATTACHES itself via initiation and elongation factors to the RIBOSOME- mRNA complex which FACILITATES the incorporation of the correct amino acid to the growing polypeptide chain by its specific anticodon to the mRNA codon.

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A large PHYLUM of animal that includes the VERTEBRATES together with the SEA squirts, is KNOWN as Chordeta.

Human being is also a Chordet.

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VITAMIN C because CURD has YET in it which is RICH in vitamin c

The stomach, an IMPORTANT organ for digestion, produces gastric juice which is comprised of hydrochloric acid, water and ENZYMES. ... The stomach also produces gastric lipase, which ASSISTS in digesting fats.

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(1) Free central placentation, synandry, divergent palmately reticulate venation

(2) Mesogamy, fusion of epicarp and thalamus to form RIND of the fruit, seed germination epigeal.

(3) Axile placentation, extrafloral nectaries, continuous collenchymatous HYPODERMAL RING in stem.

(4) Bicarpellary gynoecium, compound sieve plate unilocular ovary.

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