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1)feature and AFFINITIES of sphenodon {ORDER rhynchocephalia}.
2) Rhynchocephalia an order of CLASS reptiles is considered as an aberrant GROUP of reptiles.
3) which appeared first in Triassic.
4) And passed smoothly.
5)it is a very lazy creature.
6)this primitive reptile called"the LIVING fossile".

Insect-parasitic nematodes of  GENUS Heterorhabditis live in the SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP with a gram-negative Gamma-proteobacteria of the genus Photorhabdus.

The nematode-bacteria pair is a simple and genetically tractable mock up to study animal-microbe symbiosis.

Here we investigated the role of Heterorhabditis nematode C-type lectin (clec) genes in the context of nematode-bacteria symbiosis.

The in silico analysis identified seven clec genes in H. bacteriophora and three clec genes in H. INDICA.

Carbon fixation or C4 pathwayis a PHOTOSYNTHETIC process in some plants. It is the first STEP in extracting carbon from CO2 to be able to use it in sugar and other biomolecules. It is one of three KNOWN processes for carbon fixation . "C4" refers to the four-carbon MOLECULE that is the first PRODUCT of this type of carbon fixation.

There will no fertilisation TAKING place . They will just come out with the inner LINING of the uterus from vagina in the form of mucous and BLOOD

Reptiles arose about 310–320 million years ago during the Carboniferous period. Reptiles, in the TRADITIONAL sense of the term, are defined as animals that have scales or scutes, lay land-based hard-shelled EGGS, and possess ectothermic metabolisms. So defined, the group is paraphyletic, excluding endothermic animals like birds and mammals that are descended from early reptiles. A DEFINITION in accordance with phylogenetic nomenclature, which rejects paraphyletic groups, includes birds while excluding mammals and their synapsid ancestors. So defined, Reptilia is identical to Sauropsida.
Though lots of reptiles today are apex PREDATORS, many examples of apex reptiles have existed in the past. Reptiles have an extremely diverse evolutionary history that has led to biological successes, such as dinosaurs, pterosaurs, plesiosaurs, mosasaurs, and ICHTHYOSAURS.

It is TRUE that carbon cycle is quickly BTW ORGANISMS and ATMOSPHERE

The capacitance of the CELL MEMBRANE is ESTIMATED to be 89 pF, and approximately 10000 Na+ ions flow through an ION CHANNEL when it opens. estimate the total number of sodium ion channels in the membrane of a nerve cell.

POINT mutation. for example in sickel cell ANAEMIA,a single CHANGE in base pair of beta globin CHAIN that results in the change of amino acidresidue GLUTAMATE to valine.

A. The genotype of an organism is defined as the sum of all its genes. The phenotype of an organism is the observable physical or biochemical CHARACTERISTICS of an organism, determined by both genetic make-up and environmental influences.

b.gene is a stretch of DNA or RNA that determines a certain trait. Genes mutate and can take two or more alternative forms; an allele is one of these forms of a gene. For example, the gene for EYE COLOR has several variations (alleles) such as an allele for blue eye color or an allele for brown eyes.

c.RNA is made up of nucleotides. ... There are two differences that distinguish DNAfrom RNA: (a) RNA contains the sugar ribose, while DNA contains the slightly different sugar deoxyribose (a type of ribose that lacks one oxygen ATOM), and (b) RNA has the nucleobase uracil while DNA contains thymine.

d.In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures called chromosomes. Each chromosome is made up of DNA tightly coiled many times around proteins called histones that support its structure.

e.Homologous chromosomes can have different alleles on them. Alleles are variants of the same gene that occur on the same place on a chromosome. (Through a MUTATION, they are different.) A locus refers to the location on the chromosome where the gene is found.

Limited SUBJECT matter due to the simplicity of the camera and the long EXPOSURES required. The MAIN advantage is the same as the main disadvantage: Its simplicity. ... Pinhole cameras are good for experimentation, but you REALLY need ACCESS to a darkroom.

Hey.

male's primary REPRODUCTIVE ORGAN is testes while female's primary organ is ovary.

Some other male's ORGANS are : spermduct, bladder, urethra, epididymis, scrotum etc.

Others female's organs are : vagina, uterus, oviduct, cervix etc.

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"The precautions for using the NEW type of cotton seeds BT cotton available in the MARKET for plant for planting cotton are as FOLLOWS:

A)Only recommended hybrids ( RCH 134, RCH 317, MRC 6301, MRC 6304) of Bt Cotton is to be grown.

B)Sowing of Bt Cotton in light sandy soils is avoided.

C)The first irrigation should be given a period of 4-6 weeks.

D)The pests should be controlled.

E)Non Bt cotton should be grown as a refuge on the periphery of Bt cotton to prevent DEVELOPMENT of resistance against Bt in bollworms."

"1.    When the family goes for the Southern Indian OCEAN, the waves are starting getting gigantic, and rolling up to FORM a rolling wave. The coming disaster could be understood at 6 p.m when the WIND is in a silent mood with the dark sky. Waves are started roaring and formed a scary environment.

2.    Yes, the CHILDREN were badly hurt and they REMAINED optimistic.

3.    The narrator lost all the hopes of surviving, but the children told him that they are not afraid of dying if they are all are together.

"

"Discharge from the ear can be caused by acute otitis media with perforation of the eardrum, chronic SUPPURATIVE otitis media, tympanostomy tube otorrhea, or acute otitis externa. Trauma, such as a basilar skull fracture, can also lead to discharge from the ear due to cerebral spinal drainage from the brain and its covering (meninges).

By reflux or ASPIRATION of unwanted secretions from the nasopharynx into the normally sterile middle-ear space, the FLUID may then become infected usually with bacteria. The virus that caused the INITIAL URI can itself be identified as the pathogen causing the infection. "

1)more USE of car should be BANNED metro should be encouraged.
2)when field is harvested they should not burn the field.
3)AUTO mobiles which causes pollution should be banned.
4)water in the industry should be RETREAT it or when it mixes with water level of oxygen in water would decreased which leads to DEAD of aquatic animals.



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Although in the vast majority of instances N FERTILIZATION increased disease severity, characteristic plant species and fungal pathogens could be identified for which disease severity following N fertilization declined. It is concluded that the potential of some plant species such as Solanum spp. to SHOW REDUCED disease severity following N fertilization requires further investigation, as in such CASES N fertilization could potentially be used as an additional means of SUPPRESSING fungal pathogens.

Intrinsic causes. HEREDITARY (inherited) hemolytic ANEMIA can be due to : ... PAROXYSMAL nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), SOMETIMES referred to as Marchiafava-Micheli SYNDROME, is a rare, acquired, potentially life-threatening disease of the blood characterized by complement-inducedintravascular hemolytic anemia.

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Deoxygenated blood is the blood which is PURIFIED in the PROCESS of DOUBLE circulation of blood. Deoxygenated blood contains IRON and magnesium as WELL as oxygen molecules...

No,Identical TWINS are ALWAYS monozygotic. And their SEX will ALSO be the same.

the first DIFFERENCE is that PROTEINS are made of only 20 different amino acids, while peptides can be made of this 20 "protein" amino acids and of other naturally available amino acids. ANOTHER basic difference is the size of the chain, that is, the number of amino acids that a protein or a peptide contains.

Nfectious diseases can be CAUSED by:

BACTERIA. These one-cell organisms are RESPONSIBLE for illnesses such as strep THROAT, urinary tract infections and tuberculosis.Viruses. Even smaller than bacteria, viruses cause a multitude of diseases — ranging from the common cold to AIDS.

Hepatitis B. According to current statistics, hepatitis B is the most common INFECTIOUS disease in the world, affecting some 2 billion people -- that's more than one-quarter of the world's population. ...

The effect of ethidium bromide on mobility of DNA fragments in AGAROSE gel electrophoresis. ... It is used because upon binding of the molecule to the DNA and illumination with a UV light source, the DNA banding pattern can be visualized. The mode of binding of ETBR is INTERCALATION between the base PAIRS.

If the purple and TALL are DOMINANT TRAITS or character  all the F1 generation Will be purple and tall

Cartilage and BONE are specialised forms of connective tissue. They are both MADE up of CELLS EMBEDDED in an extracellular matrix. ... Cartilage is thin, avascular, flexible and resistant to COMPRESSIVE forces. Bone is highly vascularised, and its calcified matrix makes it very strong.

Cancer metastasis is the spread of cancer CELLS to TISSUES and organs beyond where the tumor originated and the formation of new tumors (SECONDARY and tertiary foci) is the SINGLE event that results in the DEATH of most patients with cancer

The PROCESS of fertilization involves a sperm fusing with an ovum. The most common sequence begins with ejaculation during copulation, follows with ovulation, and finishes with fertilization. VARIOUS exceptions to this sequence are possible, INCLUDING artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization, external ejaculation without copulation, or copulation shortly after ovulation.Upon encountering the secondary oocyte, the acrosome of the sperm produces enzymes which allow it to burrow through the outer JELLY coat of the egg. The sperm plasma, then fuses with the egg's plasma membrane, the sperm head disconnects from its flagellum and the egg travels down the Fallopian tube to reach the uterus.

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The Difference Between Internal and External Sound Card. When purchasing a sound card for your computer, the major concern is whether to buy the internal or the external model. ... The quality of a sound device is however dependent to its hardware rather than on the sound device.

When it comes to features, internal and external sound devices are equipped with an assortment of features that depends on the target market for a specific device rather than whether the system has an internal or external slot provided. The features may vary, although the usual elements you can find in a sound card INCLUDE digital outputs, RCS, recording quality settings of 24 bits and 192 Hz, MIDI keyboard ports, and for games it has environmental sound enhancements. It is recommended to choose a sound device based on your intended use, given that sound devices intended for the musicians and gamers have different features.

Be aware that when purchasing an external sound device, there is some latency associated with this kind of sound card, since a device on cable is actually further way from your computer processor than a device located just inside the computer itself. High latency can cause instrumental and vocal tracks to be improperly align during a music recording. You can minimize this latency by choosing an external device which makes use of FireWire interface or a high-speed USB 2.0.

The quality of a sound device is however dependent to its hardware rather than on the sound device. Based on tests conducted using spectrum analyzers, internal devices have higher noise floor than external sound card. This means that for devices with lower noise floor, you would actually need to RAISE the volume of the speaker before any hissing SOUNDS can be heard. The main reason for this is true to all devices that all electrical components are subject to interference.

Compared to external models, internal sound cards have fewer connectivity options because of the limited space provided at the back the device. External devices for sound often have digital input/output jacks, MIDI keyboards and RCA. They provide easy access to making these connections, as it can be placed right on your desk.

Another thing to consider in choosing your sound device is the price range. Generally, internal models are less expensive than external ones, as internal sound cards do not require metal or plastic housing. In 2009, the price range for a device that produces high-quality sound with no other SPECIAL features is EXPECTED at around $30 for an internal device, while $45 for the external model was the usual price. Although these sound devices can be purchased at the extremely low price of under $10, those cheap devices are often questionable when it comes to quality.

98.6 DEGREE FARENHEIT.

At G2 STAGE no of DNA BECOME DOUBLE

Urinary SYSTEM, also known as the renal system or urinary tract, consists of the KIDNEYS, ureters, bladder, and the urethra. The purpose of the urinary system is to eliminate WASTE from the body, regulate blood volume and blood pressure, control levels of electrolytes and metabolites, and regulate blood pH. The urinary tract is the body's drainage system for the eventual removal of urine.[1] The kidneys have an extensive blood supply via the renal arteries which LEAVE the kidneys via the renal vein. Each kidney consists of functional units called nephrons. Following filtration of blood and further processing, wastes (in the form of urine) exit the kidney via the ureters, tubes made of smooth muscle fibres that PROPEL urine towards the urinary bladder, where it is stored and subsequently expelled from the body by urination (voiding). The female and male urinary system are very similar, differing only in the length of the urethra.

Predominance of gram-negative bacteria BELONG ing to the CLASS Gammaproteobacteria on the intestinal mucosa of pike was determined. The morphophysiological FEATURES of the isolated microorganisms SUGGEST that they belong to symbiotic intestinal microflora. The morphological characteristics of the intestinal symbiotic microflora of pike include the formation of the capsule, pseudovacuoles, and spheroplastic forms of cells. The bacteria that were found can produce hydrolytic enzymes and possess PERSISTENCE properties. The morphophysiological features that were found contribute to the adaptation of bacteria to environmental conditions and indicate that the intestinal microflora offish is autochthonous.

Two kingdom CLASSIFICATION which publish in systems naturae in 1735 by Carlos Linnaeus I HOPE it can HELP you MATE

Short DURATION CROPS EXAMPLE are OATS ,cowpea, yellow mustard

In the life cycle of ASCARIS LARVAE is pass thruogh heart

Worldwide about 350 million people are chronic carriers of the hepatitis B virus (HBV). The INFECTION can cause acute and chronic liver disease INCLUDING cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hepatocellular injuries of HBV infection are predominantly immune-mediated, and the natural history of chronic infection can be divided into three phases BASED on virus-host interactions—namely, immune tolerance, immune CLEARANCE, and viral integration phases. Four serotypes (ADW, ayw, adr, and ayr) and seven genotypes (A to G) of HBV have …

Firstly you do the SEED into the soil then you throw their WATER and or proper sunlight and COOL air then the seed grow and MAKE a plant

Law of SEGREGATION
According to law of segregation the factors are seperated independently.

Law of DOMINANCE
only FACTOR of the alleles EXPRESSES its characters as ONE is dominant over the other

Vegetative PROPAGATION occurs through vegetative plant structures in NON VASCULAR plants the vegetative reproduction structures are gammae and sparse where as in vascular plants the roots steam leaves and nodes are the structures that are INVOLVED in the propagation

Lizards, tortoise, TURTLES and CROCODILE are COLLECTIVELY CALLED as REPTILES ..

No MAN no man doesn't induced landslides SOIL erosion and desertification if you see that that men USED more PLASTICS POLYTHENES and other plastic things so man induced landslides is soil erosion and desertification

- RNA has a ribose sugar INSTEAD of a deoxyribose sugar like DNA.

- RNA NUCLEOTIDES have a uracil base instead of thymine.

Contractile VACUOLES HELPS to PUMP out excess water...Thus it helps in osmoregulation
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