Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

Right ANSWER is (b) White wash

Best explanation: Minimum number of coats of COLOUR wash in colour WASHING is two. The first COAT should be of whitewash only. The subsequent coats should be of colour wash. Colour wash is applied in the same way as that of whitewash.

Right option is (a) 3 gm

The explanation: While preparing WHITEWASH, up to three GRAMS of ultra-marine blue is ADDED per kg of lime. It is usually added to the last two coats of the solution. Ultra-marine blue is a blue colored pigment of sodium aluminosilicate containing sulphur.

Right CHOICE is (a) True

Explanation: Crystals of calcium CARBONATE FORMED by fat lime are not very strong. Due to this, fat lime does not possess much strength. It is used for VARIOUS purposes such as whitewashing, plastering of walls ETC.

Correct option is (b) Varnish

The explanation: The MAIN objectives of applying varnish on a wooden surface are- it brightens the APPEARANCE of grain in wood; it renders brilliancy to the PAINTED surface; it PROTECTS the painted surface from ATMOSPHERIC action; it protects the unpainted wooden surface of Doors, Windows, etc., from the action of atmospheric agencies.

Correct answer is (c) Shrinks

For explanation I would say: The distemper possesses the property of shrinkage on DRYING. HENCE it LEADS to cracking and FLAKING, if the surface to receive distemper is weak. The coating of distemper are usually thick and they are more brittle than other types of WATER paints.

Right option is (B) False

To elaborate: Five litres of WATER is NEEDED per kg of unslaked lime in the PREPARATION of whitewash. It is allowed to stand for 24 hours. Fat lime is slaked at the SITE using proper methods.

The correct option is (c) Fat LIME

To elaborate: Whitewash is prepared from fat lime. It is ALSO known as white lime. It is HYDRATED calcium oxide and sets by absorbing carbon dioxide from the air.

Correct answer is (b) 1.3 kg

The BEST explanation: While PREPARING whitewash, 1.3 kg of sodium chloride dissolved in hot water is needed for every 10 kg of lime. Sodium chloride makes the PROCESS of CARBONATION of calcium hydroxide quick which helps in the making the coating hard.

The correct OPTION is (a) Oil Varnish

To explain: The linseed oil is used as a solvent in oil vanishes. The hard resins such as Amber and Copal are dissolved in linseed oil and if the Varnish is not WORKABLE, a small QUANTITY of turpentine is ADDED. The oil vanishes dry slowly, but they form hard and durable surface for CLEANING.

Right choice is (c) Wall papers

To explain I would say: Wall papers MAYBE unprimed, Primed, embossed, metal COATED, ETC. They are available in ONE colour or multi colour patterns printed on the face surface. The surface on which wallpaper is to be fixed is dried, LEVELLED and make free from chalk or lime solution.

Correct CHOICE is (a) Blue vitriol

The BEST I can explain: COLOR washing is obtained by adding coloured pigment to the whitewash. Blue vitriol is generally used as a pigment for colour washing. Blue vitriol is hydrated copper SULPHATE with 5 molecules of water of crystallisation.

Right choice is (d) Drier

To elaborate: The function of a dryer in Varnish is to accelerate the PROCESS of drying. The common DRYERS used in vanishes are Litharge, white COPPER and LEAD acetate. Depending upon the NATURE of resin, the type of solvent is decided.

Correct option is (b) 1000 gm

For explanation I would SAY: While preparing whitewash, 1000 grams of gum dissolved in hot water is NEEDED PER cubic metre of LIME cream. Sometimes, rice can also be used in the PLACE of gum.

Correct CHOICE is (a) Amber

Explanation: Depending UPON the NATURE of reason, the type of solvent is DECIDED. Whereas, Mastic is used in TURPENTINE.

Right answer is (a) Spirit Varnish

For EXPLANATION I would say: The Spirit Varnish DRY QUICKLY. The resins are of soft variety such as Lac or shellac. But they are not DURABLE and are easily affected by weathering actions.

The CORRECT option is (b) Spirit

For explanation: The French POLISH is one of the FINEST finish for ornamental furniture prepared for superior QUALITY of wood. The DESIRED colouring tinge can be obtained by the addition of suitable colouring pigment in Spirit vanishes.

The CORRECT answer is (b) Copal

To explain: Copal is a hard substance that is AVAILABLE in a variety of forms. The Lac or SHELLAC is obtained by exudation of some types of insects in India. The Rosin is obtained from Pine TREES.

The correct option is (b) LAC

Explanation: The commonly used RESINS are copal, lac or SHELLAC and rosins. The copal is a hard substance and is AVAILABLE from the Earth at places near Pine trees EXIST in past. It is available in a variety of forms.

Correct option is (B) Chisel

To explain I WOULD say: Moonj is used to APPLY whitewash. It is essential to use a proper method for preparing as well as for applying whitewash in order to get a neat and clean finish.

Right option is (a) Colourwash

The explanation is: The colourwash is applied in the same fashion as the WHITE wash. A satisfactory WORK done not give out power when the finished surface is rubbed with the fingers. The PROCESS of colour washing imparts CLEANLINESS and pleasant experience of the surface which are TREATED.

Right option is (c) Lime

Explanation: The fresh lime is slaked at site of work and mixed thoroughly with a SUFFICIENT quantity of water in a tub. It is then screened through a clean CLOTH. The clean GUM dissolved in HOT water is then added at the rate of 20 Newton per metre cube of lime. The rice MAY be used in place of gum.

Correct answer is (a) OIL

Easiest explanation: In fact, oil varnishes are the HARDEST and the most SUITABLE varnishes. They are specially adapted for exposed WORK which REQUIRES frequent cleaning.

Right ANSWER is (a) Stand oil

To explain: At present, the HEAT treatment is used for stand oil. This oil DRIES SLOWLY and provides a durable, clean and shining finish. Whereas, Tung oil is FAR superior to linseed oil and is used for preparing paints of superior quality.

Correct OPTION is (a) Zinc white

Best EXPLANATION: Oxide of Zinc or zinc oxide is smooth, transparent and non-poisonous. It is not discoloured when exposed to the sulphur vapour. It has less BULK and hence it is costly. It is less durable and it is difficult to WORK.

Right choice is (a) FLASHING

To explain I would say: Flashing is due to poor workmanship, cheap paint or WEATHER actions. And when a vertical or inclined SURFACES is too thickly painted, the DEFECT of Sagging occurs.

The correct option is (c) Blistering

For explanation I WOULD say: In Blistering, there is the FORMATION of bubbles under the film of paint. It MAY occur from various causes such as in PERFECT seasoning of timber, excess oil used in final COAT, etc.

Correct choice is (b) CEMENT paint

Best explanation: Cement paint is available in dry powder form. The cement paint is available in a variety of shades and it EXHIBITS excellent decorative appearance. It is WATERPROOF and are likely to become DAMP after painting. For EXTERNAL finish, on cement plastered walls, it is mixed with water immediately before its application.

Correct CHOICE is (a) Manganese

To ELABORATE: It is required to take EXTREME CARE in MIXING sulphate of Manganese. Otherwise, the spots will be formed on the painted surfaces.

The correct answer is (c) White LEAD

For explanation: White lead possesses good BULK and is the most widely used BASE. It is dense, permanent and waterproof. It is not suitable for delicate work as lead becomes discoloured when EXPOSED to the sulphur vapour. It is most suitable for wood surfaces and not used for iron surfaces as it does not AFFORD protection against rusting.

Correct option is (d) Vehicle

Explanation: VEHICLES are mainly REQUIRED for two reasons: that is to make it possible to spread the PAINT EVENLY and uniformly on the surface in the form of thin layer and to provide a Binder for the ingredients of paint so that they may stick or adhere to the surface.

Right OPTION is (c) Cellulose PAINT

The explanation is: A cellulose paint hardens by evaporation of cleaning AGENT. It hardens quickly. It is little more costly, but it presents a flexible, hard and smooth surface. Also, the surface PAINTED with cellulose paint can be WASHED and easily cleaned.

The correct answer is (b) Solvent

To elaborate: Solvent ALSO helps the paint in penetrating through the porous surfaces. The most commonly used is the SPIRIT of turpentine. When it is desired to have a different colour than the BASE of a paint, colouring PIGMENT is to be added. The pigments are available in the form of fine POWDERS in various colours and qualities.

Right CHOICE is (a) Aluminium paint

For EXPLANATION: In Aluminium paint, the spirit or oil EVAPORATES and a thin metallic film of Aluminium is formed on the surface. The advantages of an aluminium paint are: it is visible in darkness and it resists heat to a certain degree. The SURFACES of IRON and steel are better protected from corrosion by this paint than any other paint.

Right choice is (b) Varnish

Easy explanation: Varnish protects the unpainted WOOD surfaces of DOORS, Windows, roof trusses, floors, ETC. from the action of ATMOSPHERIC agencies. It should render the surface GLOSSY.

Right ANSWER is (a) Varnishes

The EXPLANATION is: The term Varnish is used to indicate the solution of RAISINS or resinous substances prepared EITHER in ALCOHOL, oil or turpentine. It brightens the appearance of the grain in wood. It renders brilliancy to the painted surface.

Right answer is (b) Running

Easy explanation: The paint RUNS back and leaves small area of surface un COVERED. Hence running DEFECT occurs when the surface to be painted is too SMOOTH. Whereas, Saponification occurs due to the CHEMICAL action of alkaline.

The CORRECT answer is (d) Grinning

The explanation is: When the final coat of PAINT has not sufficient OPACITY, the background is clearly seen. This is KNOWN as the Grinning. When a horizontal surfaces is too thickly painted, the defect ofWrinkling BECOMES prominent.

Right answer is (d) Paint

To explain: Paint is USED to give good appearance to the surface. The decorative effects may be created by PAINTING and the surface BECOME hygienically good, CLEAN, colourful and attractive.

Right option is (b) Paints

To elaborate: PAINT PROTECT the surface from weathering effects of the ATMOSPHERE and ACTION by other liquids, fumes and GASES. It prevents the care of wood and corrosion in metal.

The correct OPTION is (d) Iron oxide

Explanation: The tint of paint varies from YELLOWISH brown to black. It mixes easily with the VEHICLE. It is EFFECTIVE in preventing rusting of iron surfaces. It is cheap and durable. It is generally used for the priming COAT of the iron surfaces.

The correct CHOICE is (B) Plastic paint

To elaborate: The application of plastic paint can be DONE either by BRUSHING painting or spray painting. This paint possesses pleasing appearance and it is attractive in colour. This paint is widely USED for showrooms, auditoriums, etc.

Right option is (a) BITUMINOUS paint

To elaborate: A variety of bituminous paint is available. The paint presents a black appearance and it is used for painting IRON work underwater. Whereas, Asbestos is a peculiar type of paint and it is APPLIED on the surfaces which are exposed to the acidic gases and steam.

Correct choice is (a) TURPENTINE

Explanation: Turpentine has a pungent ORDER and it often adulterate with mineral oils and some of them have higher penetration values but are otherwise INFERIOR. The BENZENE and naphtha are used as a substitute.