135 + Interview Questions in Molecular Basis Of Inheritance in Biology

101.	Which of the following chromatins are said to be transcriptionally active and inactive respectively?(a) Euchromatin, Heterochromatin(b) Euchromatin, Prochromatin(c) Prochromatin, Euchromatin(d) Heterochromatin, EuchromatinThis question was posed to me in an interview.My doubt stems from Packaging of DNA Helix in portion Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» CORRECT choice is (a) Euchromatin, Heterochromatin The explanation is: Inside the TYPICAL structure of a nucleus, the part of the chromatin which is considerably loose and stains light is said to be the Euchromatins. Likewise, the part of the chromatin which is considerably DENSE and stains dark is said to be the Heterochromatins. The part which is loose is said to be transcriptionally active, and the dense part is said to be transcriptionally INACTIVE.

Discussion

102.	How many nucleosomes are present in a mammalian cell?(a) 20 million(b) 30 million(c) 40 million(d) 10 millionThis question was addressed to me in examination.My doubt stems from Packaging of DNA Helix in division Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» Right choice is (b) 30 million To explain I would say: The diploid cell of a eukaryotic MAMMAL contains 6.4 x 10^9 nucleotides. A single cell of such type will 30 million nucleosomes in it. Nucleosomes containing chromatin when viewed under an electron microscope appear to be LIKE “Beads-on-string”.

Discussion

103.	When the negatively charged DNA combines with the positively charged histone octamer, which of the following is formed?(a) Nucleus(b) Nucleoid(c) Nucleosome(d) NucleosomeThis question was addressed to me in an online interview.This intriguing question originated from Packaging of DNA Helix topic in division Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» The CORRECT ANSWER is (c) Nucleosome Easy explanation: Nucleosomes are the bead-like structures which are present on the strands of CHROMATIN. These nucleosomes are formed when the DNA COMBINES with the histone octamer. LESS than 2 DNA turns can be seen which are wound around the octameric protein (Histones).

Discussion

104.	How many bp are present in a typical nucleosome?(a) 200 bp(b) 100 bp(c) 300 bp(d) 90 bpI got this question by my college director while I was bunking the class.Enquiry is from Packaging of DNA Helix in portion Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» Right option is (a) 200 bp The explanation: NUCLEOSOMES are the bead-like structures which are present on a chromatin. These nucleosomes contain the DNA, which is the genetic material. Such a TYPICAL nucleosome contains NEARLY 200 bp.

Discussion

105.	What are the thread-like stained structures present in the nucleus known as?(a) Chromosome(b) Chromatid(c) Chromatin(d) ChloroplastI have been asked this question in a job interview.Enquiry is from Packaging of DNA Helix topic in chapter Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» Right option is (c) Chromatin For explanation: A chromatin is a long thread-like structure which CONTAINS the NUCLEOSOME. Chromosome is a form which is achieved by the chromatin when it is undergoing cell division. In this form, both of the sister chromatids will be ATTACHED together at the centromere. Chromatids or sister chromatids are the thread like structures which are achieved when the chromosome is cut longitudinally during cell division. CHLOROPLAST is a plastid that contains the green pigment CHLOROPHYLL.

Discussion

106.	What are the set of positively charged basic proteins called as?(a) Histidine(b) DNA(c) RNA(d) HistonesThis question was addressed to me in exam.I would like to ask this question from Packaging of DNA Helix topic in portion Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» The correct choice is (d) Histones For explanation I WOULD say: Histones are rich in basic amino ACID (AA) residues such as lysine and arginine. These two amino acids carry a positive charge at their side CHAINS. DUE to this reason, histones are called as the set of positively charged basic proteins.

Discussion

107.	The DNA of the E. coli is scattered throughout the cell.(a) True(b) FalseI had been asked this question during a job interview.This interesting question is from Packaging of DNA Helix in chapter Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» The correct choice is (B) False The explanation: E. coli is a prokaryotic cell. Prokaryotic cells do not have a well-defined nucleus. In eukaryotes, the genetic material which is the DNA is PRESENT in the nucleus. Even though the PROKARYOTES lack a nuclear structure, their DNA is not scattered throughout the cell. The nuclear material in a prokaryote is CALLED as a nucleoid. The nucleoid has the DNA inside of it. It will be CIRCULAR in shape. And so, the DNA is not scattered throughout the cell.

Discussion

108.	Which of the following is not a part of the nucleotide?(a) Phosphate group(b) Nitrogenous base(c) Pentose sugar(d) GuanosineThis question was addressed to me in a job interview.This interesting question is from Structure of a Polynucleotide Chain topic in portion Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» Correct CHOICE is (d) Guanosine To explain I would SAY: Guanosine is the STRUCTURAL component of RNA. Guanosine is a PURINE adenosine. It has some neuroprotective properties. The other three are the backbone of the nucleotide in the DNA.

Discussion

109.	What is the length of the DNA double helix, if the total number of bp (base pair) is 6.6 x 10^9?(a) 2.2 m/bp(b) 2.5 m/bp(c) 2.2 m(d) 2.5 mThis question was addressed to me in a job interview.The query is from Packaging of DNA Helix topic in division Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» The correct answer is (c) 2.2 m Easiest explanation: The DISTANCE between 2 consecutive bp is 0.34 NM. The formula to calculate the length of the DNA DOUBLE helix: The length of the DNA double helix = The total NUMBER of bp x distance between two consecutive bp. As a result, we get 2.2 m as the length of the DNA double helix.

Discussion

110.	Which of the following occurs in the process of central dogma reverse?(a) Conversion of a strand of mRNA to DNA(b) Changes in the chromosomal karyotype(c) Gene replication process(d) Protein production processThis question was posed to me in final exam.My doubt is from Structure of a Polynucleotide Chain topic in portion Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» The correct option is (a) Conversion of a strand of MRNA to DNA The explanation: Central dogma is the process of conversion of DNA->mRNA->PROTEIN. On the contrary, central dogma reverse is the conversion of RNA->DNA. The FORMED DNA in the process of central dogma reverse or reverse transcription, can undergo the processes of transcription and TRANSLATION after that.

Discussion

111.	Which of the following ensures the stability of the helical structure of a DNA?(a) Presence of repetitive structures of a DNA code(b) Stacking of one base pair over the other(c) Presence of aneuploidy(d) Occurrence of chromosomal rearrangementsI had been asked this question during an interview.The question is from Structure of a Polynucleotide Chain topic in division Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» RIGHT option is (b) Stacking of one base pair over the other To explain I would say: When one base pair is STACKED over the other in a helical fashion, the DNA will be stable. A right-handed curving fashion is seen in the DNA. When repeating structures are present, the DNA will not be stable. Aneuploidy is in relevance to the abnormality in the number of chromosomes. When CHROMOSOMAL rearrangements occur, deletion, DUPLICATION, translocations and inversions may occur. There will not be any stability.

Discussion

112.	Which is the correct complementary strand for AGAATTCGC?(a) CTCCGGATA(b) GAGGCCTAT(c) TCTTAAGCG(d) GTGGCCATAI had been asked this question in an internship interview.This interesting question is from Structure of a Polynucleotide Chain in portion Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» The correct answer is (C) TCTTAAGCG To elaborate: Adenine and THYMINE form a double hydrogen bond. LIKEWISE, Guanine and Cytosine form a triple hydrogen bond. So, the correct complementary strand for AGAATTCGC is TCTTAAGCG.

Discussion

113.	Which of the following enzymes are used to transcript a portion of the DNA into mRNA?(a) RNA polymerase(b) DNA polymerase(c) Protein polymerase(d) HydrolaseI have been asked this question in an online quiz.This intriguing question originated from Structure of a Polynucleotide Chain in division Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» The correct choice is (a) RNA polymerase Explanation: In the central dogma of DNA there are TWO main processes, they are TRANSCRIPTION and translation. During the process of transcription, a portion of the DNA is copied into a NEW mRNA strand. This is done with the HELP of the RNA polymerase. In translation, the copied mRNA strand is used to produce proteins.

Discussion

114.	Which among the following is the exact ratio of guanine to cytosine in a DNA double helical structure?(a) 3:2(b) 2:1(c) 1:3(d) 1:1The question was asked by my college professor while I was bunking the class.Query is from Structure of a Polynucleotide Chain in division Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» Correct choice is (d) 1:1 For explanation I WOULD say: The ratio of the purines (adenine and guanine) to the pyrimidine (thymine and CYTOSINE) should always be equal to 1:1. This is in ACCORDANCE to the CHARGAFF’s rule. The ratio of 1:1 is also based on the base pair rule.

Discussion

115.	Who considered DNA as a “Nuclein”?(a) James Watson(b) Friedrich Meischer(c) Francis Crick(d) Rosalind FranklinThe question was posed to me in a job interview.Question is taken from Structure of a Polynucleotide Chain in division Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» The correct option is (b) Friedrich Meischer For explanation I would say: Friedrich Meischer had originally called the DNA to be as the “Nuclein”. He observed DNA to be as an acidic substance found in the nucleus. Since technology hadn’t been developed much in the 1860s, he wasn’t able to fully study about the structure of the DNA and isolate such a LONG polymer. LATER in the 1950s, Rosalind Franklin did an X-Ray DIFFRACTION study on the DNA using the X-Ray crystallography method. James Watson and Francis Crick on observing the X-Ray pattern of the DNA molecule, gave the molecular structure of the DNA.

Discussion

116.	What is chemical name for thymine known as?(a) 5-methoxy uracil(b) 3-methoxy uracil(c) 5-methyl uracil(d) 3-methy uracilThis question was addressed to me in my homework.I need to ask this question from Structure of a Polynucleotide Chain in portion Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» Right option is (C) 5-methyl URACIL Explanation: In RNA structure, Uracil is PRESENT in the case of Thymine. Thymine is a nitrogenous base which is achieved, when the Uracil is being methylated at the 5^th CARBON. HENCE the name 5-methyl uracil.

Discussion

117.	Through which among the following linkages are the two nucleotides connected through the 3’-5’ end?(a) Phosphodiether linkage(b) Phosphodisulphide linkage(c) Phosphodinitrate linkage(d) Phosphodiester linkageI got this question in an online interview.This interesting question is from Structure of a Polynucleotide Chain topic in section Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» The correct OPTION is (d) PHOSPHODIESTER linkage The best I can explain: When two nucleotides come close to each other, they form a linkage. This linkage is SEEN from the 3’-5’ end. This type of a linkage is CALLED as the phosphodiester linkage. A phosphodiester linkage between 2 nucleotides forms a dinucleotide.

Discussion

118.	Thymine is present in the place of Uracil in DNA.(a) True(b) FalseThe question was asked at a job interview.My enquiry is from Structure of a Polynucleotide Chain in chapter Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» The correct OPTION is (a) True For EXPLANATION I would say: The nitrogenous base present in the DNA are Adenine, GUANINE, Cytosine and Thymine. In RNA, there will be an Uracil in the place of Thymine. There will be a double HYDROGEN bond between Adenine and Uracil, WHEREAS, in DNA it will be present between Adenine and Thymine.

Discussion

119.	By which of the following bonds, a nitrogenous base is linked to the pentose sugar?(a) Phosphate bond(b) Ester bond(c) Peptide bond(d) N-glycosidic bondThe question was asked in semester exam.The question is from Molecular Basis of Inheritance in division Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» The correct choice is (d) N-glycosidic bond Easiest explanation: A nitrogenous base is linked to the pentose SUGAR by an N-glycosidic bond. As a result of this LINKAGE, a nucleoside is formed. Purine NUCLEOSIDES have 1’-9 glycosidic linkage and pyrimidine nucleosides have 1’-1 linkage.

Discussion

120.	By which of the following bonds, a nitrogenous base is linked to the pentose sugar?(a) Phosphate bond(b) Ester bond(c) Peptide bond(d) N-glycosidic bondThis question was addressed to me in exam.Question is taken from Molecular Basis of Inheritance in portion Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer»

Discussion

121.	Which of the following statement is incorrect with respect to pyrimidines?(a) Heterocyclic(b) 7 membered ring(c) Cytosine is an example of pyrimidine(d) Single-ring structureThe question was posed to me in semester exam.Origin of the question is Molecular Basis of Inheritance topic in division Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» Right option is (b) 7 membered ring For explanation I would SAY: PYRIMIDINES are not 7 membered rings. Pyrimidines are a TYPE of nitrogenous bases which are HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS with a 6 membered single-ring structure. Nitrogen is present at 1 and 3 positions of the rings. Examples of pyrimidines include thymine, uracil, and cytosine.

Discussion

122.	Which of the following statements is correct with respect to purines?(a) Purines are heterocyclic compounds(b) Purines are 7 membered structure(c) Purines are single-ring structure(d) Thymine is an example of purineThis question was posed to me in an interview.My enquiry is from Molecular Basis of Inheritance in division Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» Correct choice is (a) Purines are heterocyclic COMPOUNDS Explanation: Purines are a type of nitrogenous bases which are heterocyclic compounds. They are 9 MEMBERED and are double-ring structures. Nitrogen is PRESENT at the positions-1, 3, 7 and 9 of the ring. Adenine and guanine are the only two examples of purines.

Discussion

123.	How many components are present in the basic unit of DNA?(a) One(b) Two(c) Three(d) FourI had been asked this question in quiz.My question is from Molecular Basis of Inheritance in division Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» Correct answer is (c) Three Explanation: There are three COMPONENTS in the basic unit of DNA which is also known as a nucleotide, and they are: i. A nitrogenous base: PURINE or pyrimidine ii. A pentose sugar: Deoxyribose sugar iii. Phosphate GROUP.

Discussion

124.	The genetic material of humans is double-stranded DNA which is circular in shape.(a) False(b) TrueThis question was posed to me by my college professor while I was bunking the class.Question is taken from Molecular Basis of Inheritance in division Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» The correct answer is (a) False Easy EXPLANATION: The genetic MATERIAL of HUMANS consists of a double-stranded DNA which is linear in SHAPE. The genetic material of the bacterium Escherichia coli is a double-stranded DNA that is circular in shape.

Discussion

125.	Which of the following is correct with respect to the genetic material of Φ174 bacteriophage?(a) ss DNA, linear(b) ss RNA, linear(c) ss DNA, circular(d) ds DNA, linearThe question was asked in homework.This is a very interesting question from Molecular Basis of Inheritance topic in section Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» The correct choice is (c) ss DNA, CIRCULAR The EXPLANATION: The genetic material of Φ174 bacteriophage is single-stranded DNA which is circular in SHAPE. It has 5386 bases or a number of NUCLEOTIDES. It is a virus that attacks on bacteria.

Discussion

126.	How many numbers of nucleotides are present in Lambda phage?(a) 48502 bp(b) 98526 bp(c) 10000 bp(d) 5326 bpI have been asked this question at a job interview.This interesting question is from Molecular Basis of Inheritance in section Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» The CORRECT CHOICE is (a) 48502 bp To elaborate: The NUMBER of NUCLEOTIDES or the number of bases in LAMBDA phage are 48502. The genetic material of Lambda phage consists of a double-stranded DNA which is linear in shape.

Discussion

127.	How many base pairs are present in Escherichia coli?(a) 9856 bases(b) 4.6 x 10^6 bp(c) 3.3 x 10^9 bp(d) 10,000 basesI had been asked this question by my college director while I was bunking the class.Question is taken from Molecular Basis of Inheritance in division Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» Right CHOICE is (b) 4.6 X 10^6 bp To explain: The number of base PAIRS or the number of nucleotides PRESENT in the bacterium, Escherichia coli are 4.6 x 10^6 base pairs. The number of base pairs present in HUMAN beings is 3.3 x 10^9.

Discussion

128.	Which of the following is the characteristic feature of an organism?(a) Number of RNA(b) Number of protein molecules(c) Length of chromosomes(d) Length of DNAThis question was posed to me during an online interview.My question comes from Molecular Basis of Inheritance in section Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» Correct choice is (d) Length of DNA Easiest explanation: The characteristic feature of an organism is the length of its DNA. The length of the DNA is USUALLY defined as the number of NUCLEOTIDES or the number of base pairs present in it. As this substance was ACIDIC in nature, ALTMANN named it as a NUCLEIC acid.

Discussion

129.	Which of the following is not a correct statement with respect to DNA?(a) It is a long polymer(b) It is found in the nucleus(c) It is a basic substance(d) First identified by Friedrich MeischerThe question was posed to me during an online interview.This question is from Molecular Basis of Inheritance topic in portion Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» Right choice is (C) It is a BASIC substance Explanation: DNA is not a basic substance. Instead, it is an acidic substance. It was first identified by FRIEDRICH Meischer in 1869. It is also known as a long POLYMER of deoxyribonucleotides and is FOUND in the nucleus of the cell.

Discussion

130.	Which of the following is not a function of RNA?(a) Messenger(b) Catalysis(c) Adapter(d) ModifierThis question was addressed to me during an online exam.I want to ask this question from Molecular Basis of Inheritance in chapter Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» The CORRECT choice is (d) MODIFIER Best explanation: RNA does not behave as a modifier. INSTEAD, it functions as a messenger that carries genetic INFORMATION. It also acts as an adapter for picking up amino acids and in some cases BEHAVES as a catalytic molecule.

Discussion

131.	DNA is the genetic material in all the known viruses.(a) False(b) TrueThe question was asked during an online interview.Question is from Molecular Basis of Inheritance topic in division Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» CORRECT option is (a) False Explanation: No, DNA is not the genetic MATERIAL in all the KNOWN viruses. It is the genetic material in all ORGANISMS except for some viruses, where RNA is the MAJOR genetic material like the riboviruses.

Discussion

132.	How many types of nucleic acids are present in the living systems?(a) One(b) Two(c) Three(d) FourThe question was posed to me in a job interview.My doubt stems from Molecular Basis of Inheritance topic in division Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» The correct option is (b) Two The EXPLANATION: There are two types of nucleic ACIDS present in our living system. These two are: i. DNA-deoxyribonucleic acid ii. RNA-ribonucleic acid They both can express their EFFECTS through the formation and FUNCTIONING of the traits.

Discussion

133.	What is the full form of DNA?(a) Degenerative acid(b) Deoxyribonucleic acid(c) Deadly nucleic acid(d) Disoriented acidI got this question in a national level competition.This key question is from Molecular Basis of Inheritance topic in division Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» The correct option is (b) Deoxyribonucleic ACID The BEST I can explain: DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. It is a genetic material known for the majority of ORGANISMS LIVING on this planet. This substance is responsible for controlling the inheritance of traits.

Discussion

134.	In which year, the mechanism for genetic inheritance reached the molecular level?(a) 1986(b) 1999(c) 1926(d) 1945I have been asked this question during an internship interview.This question is from Molecular Basis of Inheritance topic in portion Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» RIGHT CHOICE is (c) 1926 To explain I WOULD say: The quest to determine the mechanism for GENETIC inheritance reached the molecular level in 1926. The nature of the genetic material was studied at that TIME and it was realised that DNA is the genetic material for the majority of organisms.

Discussion

135.	Who was the first person to analyse factors?(a) Gross(b) Haeckel(c) Mendel(d) AltmannThis question was addressed to me during an interview.This intriguing question comes from Molecular Basis of Inheritance in division Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12
Answer» RIGHT choice is (c) Mendel To explain: The first person to ANALYSE and DETECT factors was Mendel. In FACT, he was the person who gave the term factors. They were detected by following their patterns of transmission from GENERATION to generation.

Discussion

Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

How many nucleosomes are present in a mammalian cell?(a) 20 million(b) 30 million(c) 40 million(d) 10 millionThis question was addressed to me in examination.My doubt stems from Packaging of DNA Helix in division Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12

How many bp are present in a typical nucleosome?(a) 200 bp(b) 100 bp(c) 300 bp(d) 90 bpI got this question by my college director while I was bunking the class.Enquiry is from Packaging of DNA Helix in portion Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12

What are the thread-like stained structures present in the nucleus known as?(a) Chromosome(b) Chromatid(c) Chromatin(d) ChloroplastI have been asked this question in a job interview.Enquiry is from Packaging of DNA Helix topic in chapter Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12

What are the set of positively charged basic proteins called as?(a) Histidine(b) DNA(c) RNA(d) HistonesThis question was addressed to me in exam.I would like to ask this question from Packaging of DNA Helix topic in portion Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12

The DNA of the E. coli is scattered throughout the cell.(a) True(b) FalseI had been asked this question during a job interview.This interesting question is from Packaging of DNA Helix in chapter Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12

Who considered DNA as a “Nuclein”?(a) James Watson(b) Friedrich Meischer(c) Francis Crick(d) Rosalind FranklinThe question was posed to me in a job interview.Question is taken from Structure of a Polynucleotide Chain in division Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12

Thymine is present in the place of Uracil in DNA.(a) True(b) FalseThe question was asked at a job interview.My enquiry is from Structure of a Polynucleotide Chain in chapter Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12

How many components are present in the basic unit of DNA?(a) One(b) Two(c) Three(d) FourI had been asked this question in quiz.My question is from Molecular Basis of Inheritance in division Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12

How many numbers of nucleotides are present in Lambda phage?(a) 48502 bp(b) 98526 bp(c) 10000 bp(d) 5326 bpI have been asked this question at a job interview.This interesting question is from Molecular Basis of Inheritance in section Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12

Which of the following is not a function of RNA?(a) Messenger(b) Catalysis(c) Adapter(d) ModifierThis question was addressed to me during an online exam.I want to ask this question from Molecular Basis of Inheritance in chapter Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12

DNA is the genetic material in all the known viruses.(a) False(b) TrueThe question was asked during an online interview.Question is from Molecular Basis of Inheritance topic in division Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12

How many types of nucleic acids are present in the living systems?(a) One(b) Two(c) Three(d) FourThe question was posed to me in a job interview.My doubt stems from Molecular Basis of Inheritance topic in division Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12

What is the full form of DNA?(a) Degenerative acid(b) Deoxyribonucleic acid(c) Deadly nucleic acid(d) Disoriented acidI got this question in a national level competition.This key question is from Molecular Basis of Inheritance topic in division Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12

Who was the first person to analyse factors?(a) Gross(b) Haeckel(c) Mendel(d) AltmannThis question was addressed to me during an interview.This intriguing question comes from Molecular Basis of Inheritance in division Molecular Basis of Inheritance of Biology – Class 12