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Correct OPTION is (C) Uranium-238

For explanation I would say: The FERTILE fuels which are used in NUCLEAR fission REACTOR are- uranium-238, thorium-232 and fission fuels are – uranium-233, uranium-235, plutonium-239 and plutonium-241.

Right choice is (d) Ammonium CARBONATE

For EXPLANATION I would say: The chloro alkali INDUSTRY REPRESENTS production of three major industrial chemicals:

Soda ash(sodium carbonate), caustic soda(sodium hydroxide), chlorine(Cl2). Thus ammonium carbonate is not a chloro-alkali PRODUCT.

The correct OPTION is (c) Ratio of equivalents PRODUCED to equivalents CHARGED

Explanation: Decomposition efficiency is defined as the ratio of equivalents produced to equivalents charged while ratio of theoretical voltage to ACTUAL is introduced as voltage efficiency.

The correct choice is (b) Electro organic chemical process

To explain: Electro organic chemical process uses low-cost acrylonitrile made in one step from PROPYLENE, AMMONIA and air to give adiponitrile in a second step. Alternatively, one must GO in four steps from BENZENE to cyclohexane to adipic acid to adiponitrile.

Right ANSWER is (b) 1.250°C2.900°C

Easy EXPLANATION: Ortho PHOSPHORIC acid on heating to 250°Cgives PYRO phosphoric acid, which on further heating to 900°C PRODUCES meta phosphoric acid.

Correct OPTION is (b) Methane impurity

The explanation: In STEAM REFORMING process disadvantage is use of hydrogen and generation of methane impurity. DEPOSITED carbon and KEEP uniform fuel surface are the major engineering problem associated with partial combustion process for synthesis gas and producer gas production respectively.

The correct choice is (b) CO2+NH3

To EXPLAIN: The principal raw materials REQUIRED for the production of urea are CO2 from synthesis gas manufacture and NH3 in an amount of 1.15 TON and 1.47 ton respectively for once- through process.

The correct choice is (a) Nitrogen FERTILIZER

To EXPLAIN I would say: Urea-ammonium NITRATE solution is most POPULAR nitrogen fertilizer.

Right ANSWER is (d) 33

The explanation is: The atomic weight of SULFUR is approximately 32.

The correct ANSWER is (d) All of the mentioned

To EXPLAIN: Rate of reaction depends upon FACTORS LIKE temperature, Pressure, Reactant concentration, Type of catalyst used ETC.

Correct choice is (a) Composite propellants

To elaborate: Composite propellants are SOLID rocket fuels, consisting of oxygen donating INORGANIC salts and a BINDER made of plastics. The polymeric binders include POLYSULFIDE’s, polybutadiene ETC.

The correct OPTION is (a) True

Explanation: Hydrazine is miscible with water SINCE it mixes in all proportions with water. It is ALSO miscible with low molecular weight alcohols and forms constant boiling mixture with 28.5 weight % water.

Correct ANSWER is (b) Copper

The BEST explanation: Copper is put into solution when manganese nodules are leached using H2SO4 as solvent at temperature of 77°F. When temperature is AROUND 120°F, nickel GOES into solution.

The CORRECT answer is (d) Energy cost

Explanation: The TWO main costs in producing freshwater from SEAWATER are – energy costs, fixed charges on INVESTMENT. These are closely related in an economic balance. If one tries to reduce energy cost, the investment costs are invariably increased.

Correct option is (c) Humphrey spirals

Easiest explanation: GENERALLY revolving trommel is used for separation. If minerals like rutile and tin are PRESENT SHAKING tables or Humphrey spirals are used and if minerals like monazite, zircon are present magnetic and electrostatic separators are used.

The correct OPTION is (a) ASBESTOS

The best I can EXPLAIN: Diaphragm cell is an electrolytic cell in which the anodic and CATHODIC liquors and products are SEPARATED by diaphragm made of asbestos.

The CORRECT option is (b) Ilmenite

The best I can explain: Some of the BEACH sands of India have the following compositions: 55.4% ilmenite, 4.1% RUTILE, 7% zircon, 5% monazite, 5.9% garnet, and 13.9% quartz. Recently 89% of ilmenite is being recovered.

Right answer is (b) False

The EXPLANATION: The statement is false since PURE chlorine gas and pure 50% sodium hydroxide without EVAPORATION are obtained in mercury CELL PROCESS whereas pure sodium hydroxide is obtained in membrane process.

The CORRECT answer is (a) True

The best explanation: Graphite is prepared in a rectangular shape electric resistance furnace in which charge forms the RESISTOR. Furnace is built with loosely piled REFRACTORY brick on SIDES, concrete ends and floor with cooling pipes EMBEDDED.

The correct answer is (a) AMMONIUM NITRATE

Easy explanation: Main component of nitro phosphates is ammonium nitrate SINCE nitro phosphates are mixtures of ammonium nitrate and many DIFFERENT phosphates.

Correct answer is (c) Arsenic

For EXPLANATION I WOULD say: EXCEPT arsenic all are such as aluminium, silicon, Iron-oxide are considered as mined rock impurity. The high grade of imported ore is NECESSARY to AVOID solubilization of these mined rock impurities.

Right answer is (c) Wool suint

The explanation is: The SHEEP secretes PART of the potash from the grass it eats into the wool with it’s sweat. Crood wool contains about 50% suint of which 20% consists of POTASSIUM SALTS and remainder of fats.

Right choice is (b) Oxidizing nature

For explanation I would say: As ammonium nitrate is a STRONG oxidizing agent it REACTS with ALMOST every element and DECOMPOSES. It also supports combustion. Thus, making it important to store and HANDLE ammonium nitrate carefully.

Correct option is (c) Nitrate

For EXPLANATION I WOULD SAY: Nitrogen is one of the most important nutrients required by plants. The nitrogen required by the plants is readily available to the soil, because plants USUALLY take nitrogen in form of nitrates, which are readily available in AMMONIUM nitrate.

The correct answer is (d) Recovery of SO2

Best explanation: ROASTING of FeS is done in Finnish process to recovery of SO2 from pyrrhotite. Removal of ARSENIC is done in order to protect vanadium by contacting MOLTEN sulfur with milk of LIME in a continuous AUTOCLAVE.

Right choice is (a) SULFUR

The EXPLANATION: Sulfur is produced by Frasch PROCESS from salt domes as a result of elemental sulfur mining. SULFURIC acid produced by contact process and the NITRIC acid is produced by ammonia oxidation process.

Correct option is (a) Melamine is synthesized by CONDENSATION of urea MOLECULES

The BEST I can EXPLAIN: Melamine is synthesized by condensation of urea molecules.

The correct answer is (d) All of the mentioned

The EXPLANATION: UREA is USED as solid fertilizer (53%), LIQUID fertilizer (31%) and other miscellaneous applications such as animal feed, formaldehyde RESINS, melamine and adhesives.

Right CHOICE is (a) 3 moles pure H2 : 1 mole pure N2

To explain: In ammonia SYNTHESIS, 3 moles of pure H2 and 1 mole of pure N2 is compressed to the operating pressure between 100 to 1000 ATM. It is sent through a filter to remove COMPRESSION oil.

The CORRECT answer is (d) All the mentioned

Easy EXPLANATION: High purity OXYGEN is used for welding and cutting metals, open-hearth steel purification and MEDICINAL purposes.

Correct choice is (a) 0.02-0.04 second

The explanation is: Better EQUILIBRIUM yield is obtained at low-pressure 0.5-0.6 ATMOSPHERES by MEANS of vacuum PUMPS after quench tower and residence TIME in the furnace is 0.02-0.04 second.

Correct ANSWER is (a) Azeotropic DISTILLATION

Best explanation: In ammonia- SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE process anhydrous hydrazine is produced by an azeotropic distillation process using aniline which TAKES the water overhead as an aniline water azeotrope.

The correct answer is (a) SHOCK

Best EXPLANATION: PETN’s are highly SENSITIVE to heat, shock and friction while C4 explosives are sensitive to non-toxic, INSENSITIVE to heat and will ignite and burn. HMX explosives are also sensitive to heat, shock and friction.

The CORRECT ANSWER is (a) HARDNESS impurity

Easy EXPLANATION: Ca and Mg bicarbonates are the hardness impurities of water and it can be reduced by boiling to precipitate insoluble carbonates, but from sediments. By chemical reaction or ion exchange also it can be removing.

Correct answer is (d) Compression

Easiest EXPLANATION: The UNIT operations which are involved in cement beneficiation are grinding, classification, FLOTATION, thickening etc. Rock is wet-ground, fed to a hydro separator where the OVERFLOW goes directly to the FINAL thickener.

Right option is (a) Savings in heat

For explanation I would SAY: Dry grinding process is predominant than wet grinding process because of savings in heat (LESS water to evaporate) and ACCURATE CONTROL is possible. The sequence may include rough crushing.

Correct CHOICE is (d) Bitterns

The BEST I can explain: Crystalline MAGNESIUM chlorides are produced from the bitterns by solar evaporation. Other magnesium compounds are can be produced in addition to seawater are DOLOMITE, magnetite ETC.

Correct answer is (c) Higher salt consumption

Explanation: The ADVANTAGES of solvay PROCESS are-can use low-grade brine, less electric POWER, less CORROSION problems, no co-products to dispose while disadvantages are higher salt consumption, more stream consumption etc.

The correct choice is (d) Graphite is an AMORPHOUS ALLOTROPE of carbon

Explanation: Graphite is a crystalline allotrope of carbon, FORM of coal, a semi-metal, a high TEMPERATURE lubricant, and CORROSION and heat resistant material.

The CORRECT answer is (C) Electro-SEPARATION

Explanation: Electro-separation is related to the separation of chlorine-caustic mixture, electrorefining is the production of high purity copper from CRUDE copper anodes, electrowinning is extraction of low purity copper from one leachings.

Right option is (d) P2 O5 + 3H2O → 2H3PO4

For explanation I would say: Reaction P2 O5 + 3H2O → 2H3PO4 takes place in ELECTRIC FURNACE process, remaining reactions takes places in wet process METHOD (both H2SO4 leaching and HCl leaching).

Correct CHOICE is (a) To produce NITROPHOSPHATE

For EXPLANATION I would say: Ammonia NEUTRALIZATION is DONE in nitric acid digestion and nitric acid-sulfuric acid digestion of nitrophosphate production, where acid soluble CaHPO4, Ca(NO3)^2, NH4NO3 is produced.

Right ANSWER is (a) Wet process

To explain I would say: Israel Mining industries=IMI process is the wet process of phosphoric acid PRODUCTION by HYDROCHLORIC acid leaching. In this process CONCENTRATED aqueous HCL as waste or by product acid is used.

Right answer is (d) URAMITE

The explanation is: Uramite is the UREA formaldehyde condensation products which have been introducing as fertilizer. It is a condensation product of 3 MOLES of urea and 1 moles of formaldehyde. It CONSISTS of 38% NITROGEN.