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कस्तूरी एक सुगन्धित जैलिनुमा प्रदार्थ (सूखने के बाद सख्त काले रंग का ) होता है जो की हिरणों के विशेष प्रजाति "कस्तूरी मृग"की नाभि से प्राप्त किया जाता है। यह नर कस्तूरी हिरण के नाभि (गुदा के पास एक ग्रंथि ) में होता है। हिरण से निकाल कर इसे सुखाने के बाद सुगन्धित प्रदार्थों और शराब आदि बनाने में कार्य में लिया जाता रहा है।

नेता जी का चश्मा, कहानी स्वयं प्रकाश जी द्वारा लिखी गयी ,एक प्रसिद्ध कहानी है .प्रस्तुत कहानी में ,हालदार साहब अपनी कंपनी के काम से हर १५ वें दिन के काम से उस क़स्बे से गुजरते थे . क़स्बा बहुत बड़ा नहीं था . उस क़स्बे की नगरपालिका ने शहर के मुख्य बाज़ार के मुख्य चौराहे पर नेता जी सुभाषचंद्र बोस की एक संगमरमर की प्रतिमा लगवा दी . यह प्रतिमा क़स्बे के ही हाई स्कूल के एक ड्राइंग मास्टर मास्टर मोतीलाल जी द्वारा द्वारा बनायीं गयी थी . मूर्ति सुन्दर थी . केवल एक चीज़ की कमी थी .नेता जी की आँखों पर चश्मा नहीं था . यानी चश्मा तो था किन्तु चश्मा संगमरमर का नहीं था . एक सामान्य के चश्मे का चौड़ा काल फ्रेम को पहना दिया था . हालदार साहब को यह तरीका पसंद आया . 

दूसरी बार जब हालदार साहब क़स्बे से गुजरे तो मूर्ति में कुछ अंतर दिखाई दिया . ध्यान से देखा तो पाया की चश्मा दूसरा था .तीसरी बार फिर नया चश्मा था . हालदार साहब हर बार क़स्बे के चौराहे पर रुक पाने खाते थे और उस मूर्ति को देखते थे ,फिर चले जाते थे .एक बार उन्होंने उन्होंने पान वाले से बार बार चश्मे बदलने का कारण पूछ लिया . पानवाले ने बताया की एक बूढ़ा लंगड़ा चश्मे वाला नेता जी को चश्मा पहना जाता है . उस चश्मे वाले को लोग कैप्टन कहकर पुकारते थे . इसी पार दो साल तक हालदार साहब उस क़स्बे से गुजरते रहे और यूँ ही नेता जी का चश्मा बदलता रहता था .अगली बार नेता जी का चश्मा नहीं था .पूछने पर पता चला कि कैप्टन मर गया .फिर अगली बार हालदार साहब ने उस क़स्बे में रुकर पान खाने की इच्छा को ताल दिया फिर भी उनकी नज़र नेताजी पर पड़ी तो देखा कि एक सरकंडे से बना चश्मा उनके चेहरे पर था . यह देखकर हालदार साहब की आखें भर आई . 

नेता जी का चश्मा कहानी स्वयं प्रकाश जी द्वारा लिखी गयी ,एक प्रसिद्ध कहानी है .लेखक का कहना है कि देश भक्ति की भावना सभी नागरिकों में होना चाहिए .एक बड़े आदमी से लेकर छोटे से छोटे तक सभी देश तथा समाज के  लिए बहुत कुछ कर सकते हैं . इस कहानी में एक सामान्य तथा साधारण से कैप्टन चश्मे वाले के माध्यम से लेखक यह बताना चाहता है देशभक्ति  सभी में होनी चाहिए .सभी को अपने सामर्थ्यभर देश हित के लिए कार्य करना चाहिए . 

'Mens sana in corpore sano' is a Latin phrase, usually translated as "a healthy mind in a healthy body".

The phrase is widely used in sporting and educational contexts to express the theory that physical exercise is an important or essential part of mental and psychological well-being.

देश के प्राकृतिक स्थानों के सौंदर्य का आनन्द लेते समय अधिकांश सैलानी वहां के पर्यावरण को दूषित कर देते हैं। वे कहीं भी कूड़ा डाल देते है इससे वह जगह दूषित होती जाती है| प्रकृतिक स्थानों के नैसर्गिक सौंदर्य की सुरक्षा हम वहाँ आने वाले लोगो को इसके प्रति जागरूक करके केर सकते हैं| हम प्लास्टिक पर रोक लगा सकते है और कोई व्यक्ति ऐसा करता पाया जाता है तो उसे उचित दंड देकर हम और लोगो को आगाह कर सकते है| प्राकृतिक स्थानों के नैसर्गिक सौन्दर्य को सुरक्षित रखने के लिए हमें कुछ गंभीर शीघ्रताशीघ्र उठाने होंगे|

Any answer supported with argument or explanation would solve the purpose. It is strongly recommended that you prepare the solution on your own. However, one sample solution has been provided for your reference:

The argument raised by Amit is correct.Looking at the constitutional provisions, it appears that the President is only a rubber stamp. This is because despite having certain discretionary powers, the President is bound to act according to the advice given by the council of ministers. Even the veto power of the President is limited. For instance, the President has to give assent to the bill which has been rejected by him earlier if it is passed by the parliament again.

डॉ. शिवबालक शुक्ल द्वारा रचित ‘श्रवण कुमार’ खण्डकाव्य एक पौराणिक कथानक पर आधारित है। कवि ने इसमें अपनी काव्यात्मक प्रतिभा का प्रयोग अत्यन्त कुशलता से किया है। यह खण्डकाव्य भावपक्षीय एवं कलापक्षीय दोनों दृष्टियों से उत्तम विशेषताओं को धारण किए हुए है, जिनका विवेचन इस प्रकार है।
भावपक्षीय विशेषताएँ श्रवण कुमार खण्डकाव्य की भावपक्षीय विशेषताएँ निम्नलिखित हैं।

अन्तर्मुखी भावों की अभिव्यक्ति श्रवण कुमार खण्डकाव्य में मार्मिक स्थलों की कुशल अभिव्यक्ति की गई है। स्वप्न देखते समय, श्रवण कुमार को तीर से मरते देखकर, अभिशाप सर्ग में दशरथ का पश्चाताप एवं दु:ख प्रकट हुआ है। तीर लगने के बाद श्रवण कुमार की मन:स्थिति का चित्रण कवि ने बड़ी कुशलता से किया हैं। कवि ने मन:विश्लेषण को स्वाभाविक अभिव्यक्ति देने का प्रयत्न किया है।
भारतीय संस्कृति का गौरव गान प्रस्तुत खण्डकाव्य में कवि ने भारतीय संस्कृति का गौरवगान किया है। मानव के आदर्शों एवं प्राचीन स्वरूप के गौरव का दर्शन कराना ही इस खण्डकाव्य का मूल उद्देश्य है। इसकी अभिव्यक्ति में कवि ने अपनी पूर्ण प्रतिभा का परिचय दिया हैं।
रस योजना इस खण्डकाव्य का प्रमुख रस करुण है। करुण रस का सहज स्वाभाविक प्रयोग हुआ है। कवि ने रस योजना में अपनी प्रतिभा का सफल प्रयोग किया हैं। “निर्मम एक बाण ने उनसे, छीन लिया उनका वात्सल्या”
कलापक्षीय विशेषताएँ ‘श्रवण कुमार’ खण्डकाव्य की कलापक्षीय विशेषताएँ निम्नलिखित हैं।

भाषा-शैली प्रस्तुत खण्डकाव्य की भाषा संस्कृतनिष्ठ साहित्यिक खड़ी बोली है। इसमें तत्सम शब्दों का प्रयोग किया गया है। पारिभाषिक और समसामयिक शब्दों का भी प्रयोग किया गया है। इसमें मुहावरों और लोकोक्तियों का प्रयोग भी दर्शनीय है। शैली की दृष्टि से इतिवृत्तात्मक, चित्रात्मक, आलंकारिक, छायावादी आदि शैलियों के दर्शन होते हैं। विभिन्न शैलियों का कुशल प्रयोग तो हुआ ही है, साथ ही अभिव्यंजना शक्ति के पूर्ण स्वरूप के दर्शन भी होते हैं

अलंकार योजना प्रस्तुत खण्डकाव्य में उपमान-विधान के लिए विस्तृत भावभूमि का चयन किया गया है। श्लेष, यमक, वक्रोक्ति, चीप्सा, पुनरुक्ति, विरोधाभास, अनुप्रास आदि शब्दालंकारों के साथ ही उपमा, रूपक, उत्प्रेक्षा, प्रतीप, व्यतिरेक, उदाहरण, सन्देह, यथासंख्य, परिसंख्या आदि अलंकारों का प्रयोग भी किया गया है।

छन्द योजना प्रधान छन्द ‘वीर’ है। 16, 15 पर यति तथा अन्त में गुरु, लघु का प्रयोग हुआ है। कहीं-कहीं 30 मात्रा वाले छन्द भी आ गए हैं। ऐसे मात्र 3 छन्द हैं और छन्द के दृष्टिकोण से यह सामान्य बात है। अन्तिम तीन छन्दों में ताटक और लावनी छन्दों का भी प्रयोग हुआ है।

उद्देश्य डॉ. शिवबालक शुक्ल द्वारा रचित प्रस्तुत खण्डकाव्य का उद्देश्य यह है कि पाश्चात्य सभ्यता के रंग में रंगी युवा पीढ़ी जीवन मूल्यों से दूर न हो, बच्चे अपने कर्तव्यों से विमुख न हों, अपितु वे बड़ों का यथोचित सम्मान करे। आज युवा पीढ़ी में अनैतिकता, उद्दण्डता और अनुशासनहीनता बढ़ती जा रही है, वह अपने गुरुजनों और माता-पिता के प्रति श्रद्धारहित होती जा रही है। अतः आवश्यकता इस बात की है कि युवा वर्ग में त्याग, सहिष्णुता, दया, परोपकार, क्षमाशीलता, उच्च संस्कार, भावात्मकता, एकता आदि नैतिक आदशों एवं जीवन मूल्यों की प्राण-प्रतिष्ठा की जाए।

कवि ने इस खण्डकाव्य के माध्यम से युवा वर्ग को श्रवण कुमार की भाँति बनने की प्रेरणा दी है। उनकी भाँति वह भी अपने जीवन में, अपने आचरण में इन आदर्शों को उतार सके और गर्व से यह कह सके कि ‘मुझे बाणों की चिन्ता नहीं सता रही है, मुझे अपनी मृत्यु का भय नहीं है, लेकिन मुझे अपने वृद्ध एवं नेत्रहीन माता-पिता की चिन्ता है कि मेरे बाद उनका क्या होगा?

The Situation of unipolarity is the indicator of United states of America 

India is a full dialogue partner Asian Regional Forum Of ASEAN

Meghna : Anjali, what shall we give as a gift to Mana?

Anjali: Mana is fond of reading books. So let’s give her some books.

Meghna: But she already has many books. And books are boring.

Anjali: Ok. What do you suggest ?

Meghna: I was thinking of giving her some jewellery.

Anjali:Well, that’s a good idea. Mana likes to wear jewellery.Meghna: What will you give her

Anjali: I think I will give her music CDs of her favourite singers.

Meghna :Yes. She likes Sonu Nigam and Shreya Ghoshal.

Anjali :Yes. So let’s meet in the evening. We will go to Mana’s house together.

Meghna: Right. See you in the evening.

Alfaz: I went to Sasan Gir during my summer vacation.

Maulik:Wow! Did you see the lions?

Alfaz :Yes, we saw two lions, a lioness and a few cubs.

Maulik : Did you see any other animals ?

Alfaz :Yes, we saw deer, monkeys and crocodiles.

Maulik : And what about birds ?

Alfaz: There are so many birds in the Gir forest. But we could see and recognize only a

few common birds.

Maulik: Did you see peacocks and robins ?

Alfaz: No, but we spotted some eagles and vultures. There were cuckoos, too.

• It keeps the Moisture for the long time. 
• This soil is capable of retaining moisture to the crops. Therefore it is quiet suitable for cotton cultivation.

Correct option is C) he had slept

sleep, is, have

sleep is have 

Black soil is suitable 

Black soil is extensively found in Deccan plateau, which is the southern part of Peninsular plateau. A major portion of Deccan plateau has been formed by the cooling of lava that spread over the region millions of years ago. Thus the region is made of igneous rocks, namely basalt.

The correct answer is Both 1 and 2.

• The production of sugarcane per hectare is higher in Peninsular India due to environmental factors as well as the cooperatives. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
• The sugarcane crop grows well in the tropical climate of south India.
• The sucrose content is higher in the tropical variety of sugarcane grown in the south due to the availability of moisture. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
• The crushing season in south India is longer than in north India.
• In south India, most of the mills have modern machinery.
• Mills are located near the Sugarcane crops.
• Most of the mills in Peninsular India are in the cooperative sector, where profit maximization is not the sole objective.
• Cooperatives in South India are better organized than those in North India.
• The production of sugar depends upon the production of sugarcane and it fluctuates with the fluctuations in the production of sugarcane.

• The sugar industry is the second largest agro-based industry in India.
• Sugar mills can be set up only in the sugarcane-producing areas.
• Sugarcane gets dry soon after harvesting. It can neither be stored nor kept for a long period of time. 
• The transportation cost of sugarcane is high. 

The correct answer is 26.

• 2018 Commonwealth Games were held at Gold Coast, Australia from 4 to 15 April 2018.

• India competed in the Commonwealth Games for the 18^th time. India finished at 3^rd spot in the tournament with 26 Gold medals and a total of 66 medals.
• It was the best position achieved by India since the 2010 Commonwealth Games. 
• India appeared as the best nation in 5 disciplines, weightlifting, shooting, wrestling, badminton, and table tennis, and the second-best nation in boxing.
• India won their maximum number of medals in Shooting i.e., 16 in total and seven of them were gold.

The correct answer is Flightless bird found only in New Zealand.

• Kiwis are pear-shaped endemic flightless birds with long legs and beaks.
• Their closest relatives are the emu, ostrich, cassowary, and rhea.
• Kiwis are found only in New Zealand in forests, scrublands, and grasslands.

• Different kinds of Viper snakes are a desert snake.
  • Example: Pit viper, Horned desert viper, Cerastes Vipera, Many-horned adder, etc.
• Flying foxes are the fastest flying Chiroptera mammal of Australia.

• Land capability is the ability of a piece of land to provide sustainable support for a specific land use. 
• Land capability is based on the understanding that every components of land has its own particular capacity to provide ecosystem services. 
• Land capability assessment enables the reconciliation of production and protection. 
• Land capability does not include social or economic components. It focuses entirely on requirements for sustainability of the ecosystem. There is the requirement to overlay this with the social and economic constraints. Thus we have land suitability assessment.
• Land capability is the inherent physical capacity of the land to sustain a range of land uses and management practices in long term without degradation to soil, air and water resources. . 
• If land is used beyond its capacity, degradation is the consequence, which leads to a decline in natural ecosystem values, agricultural productivity and infrastructure functionality.

Explanation:

• Soil Erosion: It is a process in which the top fertile layer of soil is lost by the natural forces. Due to soil erosion, the soil becomes less fertile.

Causes of soil erosion:

• Wind: When strong winds blow, the topsoil along with the organic matter is carried away by the wind. This happens more often when the land is not covered with grass or plants.
• Water: When it rains in the hilly areas, the soil gets washed away towards the plains. The running water deposits the mineral-rich soil in the riverbed.
• Overgrazing: When cattle are allowed to graze on the same field repeatedly, all the available grass, including the roots are eaten by them. This makes the topsoil vulnerable to wind and flowing water, leading to soil erosion.
• Deforestation: Humans have taken land from the forest to cultivate in order to feed the ever-increasing population and to build houses, industries, etc. Cutting down of trees on a large scale for these purposes is known as deforestation.

Afforestation or develop forest: 

• It is a process of planting trees on the lands to create a forest. It maintains the biodiversity and ecological balances.
• It prevents global warming, pollution and erosion of soil. It purifies the environment and reduces the level of carbon dioxide.

The roots of trees hold the soil together, thus preventing the soil from getting uprooted. When large areas of the forest are cleared, the topsoil gets eroded by wind and flowing water.

Soil erosion can be prevented by planting trees i.e Developing forest.

(a) Northern and eastern

(b) Jharkhand - West Bengal - Tamil Nadu - Chattisgarh

(c) Kakinanda-Pondicherry

Jaipur cities lies to the western-most longitude.

The correct answer is 1, 2 and 3.

• Coal itself isn't a particularly toxic material.
• But after it's burned for domestic or commercial purposes it produces ash.
• Ash includes lead, mercury, cadmium, chromium, arsenic, and selenium, etc.
  • All in levels that may threaten human health. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
• Thermal power plants produce large amounts of nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide.
  • The pollutants that cause acid rain—when they burn fossil fuels, especially coal, to produce energy. Hence, statement 2 is correct. 
• India's domestic coal reserves have a high ash content of up to 40 to 45 percent. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

The correct answer is Thakkar Bapa.

• Rev. A.V.Thakkar, affectionately known as Thakkar Bapa started Bhil Seva Mandal in the year 1923 with a view to uplifting weaker sections of the society particularly the tribal people.
• In 1922, the Bhils had faced a severe famine.
• He started the activities of Adivasioma Retia.
• He started free clothes, grain at concessional prices, hay-making centres etc.
• He saw that poverty, ignorance and exploitation were rampant in the Bhil community.
• He nurtured the Mandal to the position of eminence.
• Thakkar Bapa became a member of the Servants of India Society founded by Gopal Krishna Gokhale in 1905.
• He had authored the book ‘Tribes of India’ which was published in 1950.
• In 1969, India Post released a stamp in his honour.

The correct answer is 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5.

Magnetite particles:

• Magnetite particles are a highly magnetic mineral form of iron and are known to be present in air pollution.
• Exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM) is associated with pulmonary, cardiovascular and neurological problems.
• Magnetite, a mixed Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺ oxide, is ubiquitous and abundant in PM in urban environments and might play a specific role in both neurodegeneration and cardiovascular disease. 
• Magnetite has been found in homing pigeons, migratory salmon and even bats, and is believed to play a role in their directional orientation.   
• Vehicle brake systems are the major source of airborne magnetite at the roadside. Hence statement 1 is correct.
• Petrol and diesel-engine exhaust are also a source of airborne magnetite. Hence statement 2 is correct.
• Other sources of Magnetite pollution include microwave Stoves within homes, Power plants and Telephone lines. Hence statements 3, 4 and 5 are correct.

The correct answer is A - 4, B - 3, C - 2, D - 1.

• Rajasthan Seva Sangh was founded in 1919.
  • Arjun Lal Sethi, Kesari Singh Barhat and Vijay Singh Pathik was the founder of the Rajasthan Seva Sangh.
  • The main objective of Rajasthan Seva Sangh was to awaken political consciousness in the public and remove their difficulties.
• Desh Hiteshi Sabha was founded in 1877.
  • It was formed under the chairmanship of Maharaja Sajjan Singh in Udaipur.
• The All India States People's Conference (AISPC), also know as Praja Mandal or Lok Parishad was a group of political movements in the princely states of the British Raj.
  • The first session of the All India States Peoples' Conference was held in Bombay in December 1927.
• The Chamber of Princes also known as Narendra Mandal was a forum in which the rulers of the princely states of India could voice their needs and aspirations to the colonial government of British India.
  • It was established by a royal proclamation of King-Emperor George V in 1920.

Following examples can be cited to show the existence of social and economic variations : in the Harappan society: 

(i)Study of burials is one example. In the Harappan sites, the deads were usually laid in pits. There were differences in the Way burial pits were made. At some instances, the hollowed-out spaces were lined with bricks. But these may not be taken as an indication of social differences. 

(ii)In some graves pottery and ornaments have been found. Jewellery has been found from the graves of men and women as well. These findings can point out social and economic differences.

(iii)The artefacts have been classified into two categories, Utilitarian and Luxurious. Objects of daily uses and objects made of ordinary materials made of clay or stone come under utilitarian category. Ordinary articles consisted of querns, pottery, flesh-rubbers and needles. These have been found distributed throughout settlements. 

(iv)Objects of luxuries were rare and made from precious, non-local materials. The technology used was advanced and complicated. Little pots of faience were considered precious. They were also not easy to make. These show the existence of social and economic variations in the Harappan society.

The main reason for the industrial revolution in the Northern States of America was the development of the railways. The railways helped in linking different places and in the quick transport of men and material. Another reason for the industrial revolution there was the manufactured machines. With this large scale, farming was made easy. 

With the development in industry, industrial cities began to grow in the USA and Canada. The number of factories increased manyfold. In the 1860s, the economy of the US was undeveloped. But by 1890, it became a powerful industrial nation. 

There was also large scale agriculture. Vast areas were cleared for cultivation. By 1880, the bison (wild bualoes) faced extinction. With this their hunting by the indigenes came to an end. By 1892, the European settlements were almost complete throughout the USA. The region between the Pacic and the Atlantic was divided into States. In a short time, the USA established its colonies in Hawaii and the Philippines. Thus the US became an imperial power.

Yes, I agree with that the drainage system in Harappan cities which indicates the town planning. I can cite the following reasons in support of my answer. 

•The drainage system needed a planning for its execution. It seems that first drainages were laid out and then houses were built along with the drains. Every house was supposed to have at least one wall along a street to allow the domestic waste water to flow out in the street drains. The plans of the lower town show that roads and streets were laid out along an approximate grid pattern, intersecting at right angles.

 •It appears that human settlement was made by planning from the beginning. The city was restricted to a fixed area on the platforms. 

•Bricks, sundried or baked, were of standard ratio. The length and breadth of bricks were of four times and twice the height respectively These bricks were used at all the settlements of the Harappan Civilisation.

There was always the hope there were gold deposits in North America. In the 1840s, in California, some gold deposits were discovered. This led to the Gold Rush. In the hope of reaping fortunes, many Europeans went to America. This caused railways to be built across the American mainland. Using thousands of Chinese labourers, America completed the work of the railways in 1870. In 1885, the railway network in Canada was also completed.

Aliamaprabhu.

The correct answer is 2 only.

• Distribution of water on the surface of the earth:

• Water in groundwater is 0.62% while in lakes and rivers it is 0.008 (Salt lakes)+0.009(freshwater lakes) + 0.0001(rivers)=0.0171. Hence, statement 1 is not correct.
• Water in polar ice caps and glaciers is 2% while in groundwater it is 0.62%. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

Correct option is D) as much as

Salt and pepper/ Worcestershire sauce

(i) in 

(ii) into 

(iii) to 

(iv) of 

1. He was so determined and also shameless that neither stones, prayers or sticks nor the insults or complaints could divert him from singing. 

2. quagmire. 

3. The nightingale became a huge sensation. 

4. Maestro’ is the word which means genius.

5. The moral of the story is that being inspired and influenced by someone much unknown and strange is indeed a foolish work.

Correct option is B) on the wall

Correct option is C) wired

Correct option is D) a pen for Peter

Correct option is B) creamed

Correct option is A) cushy

[Hint : Iproniazid and phenelzine.]