Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

a) Both A and R are true, and R is correct explanation of the assertion.

(I) (a) 

(ii) (b) 

(iii) (a) 

(iv) (d) 

(v) (a)

(I) (a) 

(ii) (a) 

(iii) (d) 

(iv) (c) 

(v) (d)

Factors leading to the rise of new species: 

I. Genetic drift II. Natural selection 

III. Geographical isolation 

IV. Reproductive isolation 

V. Environmental factors on the isolated populations 

VI. Quantum of genetic variant inherited from one generation to the next generation.

For photosynthesis, green plants absorb water and minerals from the soil and use the energy of the sun to synthesize sugars (carbohydrates) absorbed by chlorophyll and other green parts of plants. The carbon is obtained in the form of CO₂ from the atmosphere through stomata. The most commonly synthesized sugar is glucose.

The materials required by the plant   for Photosynthesis are water , Carbon dioxide , sunlight , chlorophyll and other nutrients .

Plant obtains water and other nutrients like iron magnesium etc. from the soil with the help of its roots . Carbon dioxide is taken up by the plants from the surrounding through stomata and lenticles on leaves and stems . Chlorophyll is present in the leaves of green plants which absorbs sunlight from sun.

a- Cerebrum – Memory, will power, emotion, experience, intelligence, reasoning and learning. 

b-Cerebellum-body equilibrium, co-ordination, 

c-Medulla oblongata - Regulation of involuntary actions oblongata. Such as heart beat, respiration, hearing, sound production, secretion of digestive juices, gastrointestinal peristalsis 

(c) Cerebrum is the largest part of the brain.  

23 chromosomes does a normal, mature, human sperm cell contain.

Mendel emasculated the garden pea plant. Emasculation is the removal of anthers before dehiscence. 

First menstrual cycle is called Implantation.

(d) both A and B

The correct answer is Deputy Collector.

Responsibilities of a Deputy Collector or DC are:

• To maintain law and order in sub-division
• To collect land revenue
• To conduct free and fair elections
• To appoint Police-Patil.
• EGS implementation
• Jalyukt Shivar implementation

• UPSC is the nodal recruiting agency for the Government of India responsible for recruiting candidates for the All India Services, Central Services as well as the Armed Forces of the Union of India.
• UPSC is defined under Articles 315 to 323.
• It comes under Part XIV of the constitution.
• Charles Cornwallis is known as 'the Father of civil service in India'.

Vegetables rich in vitamin A .

1. Carrot 

2. Kale 

3. Amaranth

Major diseases of tomato: 

• Leaf curl of tomato 
• Leaf Blight of tomato 
• Damping off in seedlings

Radish: Raphanus sativus 

Potato: Solanum tuberosum

A cross between homozygous recessive and heterozygous plant is test cross.

(B) 35 mg of bilirubin

Stems of various plants have undergone modifications to perform different functions.
Underground stems or storage stems:
Examples: Rhizomes, Corms, tubers
In ginger and banana, the underground stem is called a rhizome. The underground stem in Colocasia (arvi) is known as corm. Rhizomes and corms are underground stems, modified for the storage of food. Also, these stems help in vegetative reproduction of these plants. The tips of the underground stem in potato plants become swollen due to the accumulation of food. The potato is a tuber that helps in the storage of food and bears eyes on it. Subtended by a leaf scar, these eyes bear buds that give rise to new plants.

Supportive stems
Example: tendril
The stem in some weak plants bear thin, slender, and spirally-coiled structures called tendrils that help the plant get attached to nearby structures for support. Tendrils are found in cucumbers, melons, and other members of the family Cucurbitaceae.
Protective stems
Example: Thorns
The stem in bougainvillea and citrus plants (like lemon and orange) bear sharp, pointed structures called thorns, which provide protection to the plant from herbivores.
Photosynthetic stems
Example: Opuntia
The stem in the Opuntia is green. It carries out the process of photosynthesis in the absence of leaves.
Others stem modifications
In some plants, underground stems such as grasses spread in the soil and help in perenation. These stems are called runners.
The short lateral stem called the offset in some aquatic plants (such as Eichhornia) bears leaves and tufts of roots at the node and gives rise to new plants.

We know that, root mean square velocity

v = \(\sqrt\frac{3RT}M\)

\(\because\)Pv = nRT

n = 1

v = \(\sqrt\frac{3pv}M\) 

v = \(\sqrt\frac{3pv}{M/v}\)

v = \(\sqrt\frac{3p}p\) 

v² = \(\frac{3p}p\)

p = \(\frac13pv^2\)

(A) Crigler-Najjar syndrome, type I

Flemings right hand rule shows the direction of induced current when a conductor attached to a circuit moves in a magnetic field. The maximum potential difference or current can be increased by increasing the rate of rotation increasing the strength of the magnetic field increasing the number of turns on the coil. Electromagnetic conduction is the property of the current produced by the AC generator. The major advantage that AC electricity has over DC electricity is that AC voltages can be readily transformed to higher or lower voltage levels, while it is difficult to do that with DC voltage. Since high voltages are more efficient for sending electricity to-great distances, AC electricity has an advantage over DC.

Sarkaria Commission

Bauxite - Khetri is NOT correct.

• Khetri Copper Mine
  • Khetri Copper Complex (KCC) at Khetrinagar, Rajasthan. Khetri is situated at the foothills of the Aravalli Range, which hosts copper mineralization, giving rise to an 80 km long metallogenetic province from Singhana in the north to Raghunathgarh in the south, popularly known as Khetri Copper Belt.
• Iron Ore in Chhattisgarh
  • Bailadila mine is the largest mechanized mine in Asia.
  • A 270 km long slurry (a semi-liquid mixture) pipeline from the Bailadila to the Vizag plant transports the ore slurry.
  • Smelting is done in Vizag [Vishakhapatnam] iron and steel factory.
  • Bailadila’s high-grade ore is exported through Vishakhapatnam to Japan [No iron ore in Japan.
  • The Dalli-Rajhara range is 32 km long [ferrous content 68-69 percent] range with significant reserves.
• Coal Mine in Jharkhand
  • Jharia, Dhanbad, Bokaro,   Jayanti, Godda, Giridih (Karbhari Coal Field), Ramgarh, Karanpura, Daltonganj
  • Dhanbad – One of the oldest in Jharkhand and the richest coalfields of India.
    • It is the storehouse of the best metallurgical coal i.e coking coal.
  • Giridih (Karbhari Coal Field) gives the finest coking coal in India for metallurgical purposes.

(i)  Eutrophication : 

–By using excessive amount of fertilizers they are entered to water bodies.

–Excessive phosphates promote the growth of algae in water that will lead death of other aquatic organism.

(ii)  Biomagnification :

–Harmful insecticide like DDT cause harmful affect on food chain and that will cause death of organisms of higher trophic level. 

An electric motor utilizes the magnetic effect of current. A motor works on the principle that when a rectangular coil is placed in a magnetic field and current is passed through it, a torque acts on the coil which rotates it continuously. When the coil rotates, the shaft attached to it also rotates. In this way the electrical energy supplied to the motor is converted into the mechanical energy of rotation.