Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

If the physical links are shared by more than two nodes, it is said to be Multiple Access.

(c) Opposite in phase

Correct option: (c) 0.7

Explanation: 

On dilution,

N₁V₁ = N₂V₂

10^–6 x 100 = N₂ x 1000

N₂ = 10^–7 N

Since acid solution has pH < 7, it will remain acidic even after dilution,

Hence, total [H⁺] = [H⁺]acid + [H⁺]_water

= 10^–7 + 10^–7 = 2 x 10^–7 N

∴ pH = – log [H⁺] = – log (2 x 10^–7) = 7 – log 2

= 6.7

Thus, change in pH = 0.7 unit

(a) turn blue litmus red

a. Security/Encapsulation 

b. Distributed database 

c. Faster Problem solving 

d. Security through redundancy 

e. Collaborative Processing

a. Performance It can be measured in many ways, including transmit time and response time.

b. Reliability It is measured by frequency of failure, the time it takes a link to recover from a failure, and the network's robustness.

c. Security Security issues includes protecting data from unauthorized access and virues.

a. Number of Users 

b. Type of transmission medium 

c. Hardware 

d. Software

a. Frequency of failure 

b. Recovery time of a network after a failure

a. Unauthorized Access 

b. Viruses

A protocol is a set of rules that govern all aspects of information communication.

A biodigester is equipment that produces carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and fuel gases (biogases) like methane from organic material under decomposition (dung, food waste, sugar cane waste, etc.). The biogas is used in heating, as energy for motors and machines and it even has industrial uses. Biodigesters are widely used in public waste depositories and in rural areas. Besides producing biogas the organic waste can be turned into good quality fertilizer.

The waste can be classified into many types, each of them carrying its own different environmental problem: organic waste, recyclable waste, non recyclable waste, toxic waste, nuclear toxic waste and space waste.

The organic waste is more easily resorbed by nature, but the speed and the geographical concentration of its production due to urbanization generate pollution of rivers, lakes, proliferation of disease vectors and environmental degradation of towns. The recyclable waste is composed of residuals that can be reprocessed, used again by humans, like plastics and metals; the problem regarding recyclable waste is that the separation of such material is not culturally diffused and there is not enough social organization to use them; so the recyclable waste is mixed to other wastes increasing the volume of waste depositories even more. The non recyclable waste is formed of residuals that technology cannot yet recycle, like ceramics, photographic paper, mirrors, cigarettes, plasticized papers, etc; this kind of waste in the future may become recyclable waste and should be  separated. The toxic waste includes industrial chemical residuals that are harmful for life and the environment, like contaminated medical waste and the domestic waste containing insecticides and medicines; the toxic waste is one of the major environmental problems since it puts the life of humans and other living beings in danger. The nuclear toxic waste is made of materials that release invisible dangerous radiation for many years; nuclear toxic waste is produced in the extraction of nuclear minerals (like uranium), by nuclear reactors and nuclear plants, in hospitals where Nuclear Medicine is performed and in research centers; although the nuclear waste is often put into armored receptacles the risk of accidents is permanent. Space waste is the waste produced by the activity of humans in space from the second half of the 20th century; it consists of non operating satellites, rocket piece and other equipments that remain orbiting the earth or other celestial bodies or even travelling across space.

Environmental Issues: organic waste recyclable waste non recyclable waste toxic waste nuclear toxic waste

The key elements of protocols are

a. Syntax: It refers to the structure or format of the data, that is the order in which they are presented.

b. Semantics: It refers to the meaning of each section of bits.

c. Timing: Timing refers to two characteristics: When data should be sent and how fast they can be sent.

Recyclable waste is waste that can be reprocessed and used again. Waste recycling depends on the separation of the recyclable residuals from non recyclable ones and on the classification of the recyclable into plastics, metals, papers, etc. The function of the selective waste collection is to simplify that separation for the waste to be sorted at the point of origin. Selective collection also helps the creation of an environmental conscience in the people that produce the waste.

Eutrophication is the process of excessive increasing of nutrients, like phosphate and nitrate, in water due to direct deposit of non treated sewage. The nutrients act as fertilizers leading to abnormal proliferation of aquatic algae. With the exaggerated growth of the alga population the number of aerobic bacteria that cause decomposition of organic material also increases. The proliferation of these bacteria depletes the dissolved oxygen killing fishes and other animals. Besides, the lack of oxygen causes the decomposition to be assumed by anaerobic bacteria. Anaerobes multiply and release hydrogen sulfide that makes water improper to other living beings and creates a putrid smell.

a. Connectivity 

b. Cost-effective Resource Sharing 

c. Support for common Services 

d. Performance

Network performance is measured in Bandwidth (throughput) and Latency (Delay). Bandwidth of a network is given by the number of bits that can be transmitted over the network in a certain period of time. Latency corresponds to how long it t5akes a message to travel from one end off a network to the other. It is strictly measured in terms of time.

The process of determining systematically hoe to forward messages toward the destination nodes based on its address is called routing.

To treat sewage is much cheaper for society. The non treated sewage pollutes rivers, lakes and the sea, being a cause of diseases transmitted through water. For the society the costs of these diseases are much higher than the cost of the sewage treatment.

One of the most economical systems to treat sewage is the aerobic treatment system, reservoirs kept very oxygenated for aerobic bacteria to decompose organic material.

The processes on each machine that communicate at a given layer are called peer-peer process.

Correct answer is a. Mass marketing 

• Kerala State Remote Sensing and Environment Centre (KSRSEC)
• Centre for Earth Science Studies (CESS)
• Centre for Water Resources Development and Management (CWRDM)
• Kerala Forest Research Institute (KFRI)
• Kerala State Land Use Board (IKSLUB)
• Geological Survey of India (GSI)
• Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) 
• Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI)