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This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 301. |
Removal of phosphoryl groups is catalyzed by ___________(a) Diphteria toxin and cholera toxin(b) Dinitrogenase reductase(c) Protein phosphatases(d) Protein kinases |
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Answer» Correct choice is (c) Protein phosphatases Best explanation: The enzymes that catalyze the ADP-ribosylation and inactivation of key cellular enzymes or proteins are diphteria toxin and cholera toxin. Dinitrogenase reductase is responsible for the regulation of biological nitrogen fixation. The attachment of phosphoryl groups to specific amino acid residues is catalyzed by protein kinases. |
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| 302. |
Hydrolysis reactions are catalyzed by enzymes called ___________(a) Oxidoreductase(b) Ligase(c) Hydrolase(d) Isomerase |
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Answer» Correct option is (c) Hydrolase For explanation: Hydrolases, which catalyze hydrolysis reaction involve in food decomposition and in digestion process. |
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| 303. |
Which of the following acids has the lowest pKa value?(a) Acetic acid(b) Sulphuric acid(c) Dil.HCl(d) Oxalic acid |
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Answer» Right choice is (b) Sulphuric acid To explain: The stronger the acid, the lower its pKa. Sulphuric acid is the strongest acid of all the other acids mentioned, so its pKa is the least. |
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| 304. |
If pKb for fluoride at 25°c is 10.83, the ionization constant of hydrofluoric acid in water at this temperature is?(a) 3.52×10^-3(b) 6.75×10^-4(c) 5.38×10^-2(d) 1.74×10^-5 |
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Answer» The correct answer is (b) 6.75×10^-4 To explain: Kw = Ka × Kb Ka = Kw / Kb Ka = 10^-14/-log (10.83) = 6.75 × 10^-4. |
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| 305. |
Which of the following is a hypotonic solution?(a) 10% dextrose in water(b) 0.45% sodium chloride(c) 5% dextrose in 0.9% sodium chloride(d) Oceans |
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Answer» The correct answer is (b) 0.45% sodium chloride For explanation I would say: 0.9% normal saline is isotonic and half of 0.9 = 0.45% makes the solution more diluted (contains more water), therefore the solution is hypotonic. |
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| 306. |
Which of the following is an example of disaccharide?(a) Glucose(b) Fructose(c) Galactose(d) Maltose |
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Answer» Right choice is (d) Maltose The explanation: Maltose is a disaccharide with two monosaccharide glucose units. |
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| 307. |
The protein core of proteoglycan is rich in ___________(a) Serine and threonine(b) Serine and methionine(c) Threonine and methionine(d) Alanine and serine |
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Answer» Correct choice is (a) Serine and threonine For explanation: None. |
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| 308. |
Which of the following statements is false about gluconeogenesis?(a) From the hydrolysis of tri-acyl-glycerol, fatty acids can be used as a carbon source(b) From red blood cells, lactate can be used as a carbon source(c) From the hydrolysis of tri-acyl-glycerol, glycerol is converted to glucose in gluconeogenesis(d) From muscle vigorous muscle activity, lactate can be used as a carbon source |
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Answer» Right choice is (a) From the hydrolysis of tri-acyl-glycerol, fatty acids can be used as a carbon source To explain I would say: From the hydrolysis of tri-acyl-glycerol, fatty acids cannot be used as a carbon source. |
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| 309. |
Diminished delivery of oxygen to tissues is termed as ___________(a) Hypoxia(b) Ischemia(c) Homeostasis(d) Metabolism |
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Answer» Right option is (a) Hypoxia The explanation: Diminished delivery of oxygen to tissues is termed as hypoxia. |
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| 310. |
The rate of breakdown of metabolites is termed as ___________(a) Metabolic state(b) Metabolism(c) Steady state(d) Homeostasis |
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Answer» The correct answer is (c) Steady state For explanation: The rate of breakdown of metabolites is termed as a steady state. |
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| 311. |
Conversion of xylulose 5-phosphate to ribulose 5-phosphate is catalyzed by ___________(a) Phosphopentose epimerase(b) Transaldolase(c) Transketolase(d) Phosphopentose isomerase |
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Answer» The correct option is (a) Phosphopentose epimerase The explanation is: Conversion of xylulose 5-phosphate to ribulose 5-phosphate is catalyzed by epimerase. |
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| 312. |
Which of the following type of metabolites is used for generating glucose under severe starvation conditions?(a) Amino acids(b) Fats(c) Glycogen(d) Starch |
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Answer» The correct choice is (a) Amino acids Easiest explanation: Fats cannot be converted to glucose; there is no store of carbohydrate. Only amino acids can be used for generating glucose under severe starvation conditions. |
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| 313. |
Which of the following statements is correct about the reductive pentose phosphate pathway?(a) It is not reversible(b) Transketolase transfers 3 carbon units(c) Transaldose transfers 2 carbon units(d) Pentoses can provide glycolytic intermediates |
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Answer» Correct choice is (d) Pentoses can provide glycolytic intermediates To elaborate: It is reversible, transketolase transfers 2 carbon units and transaldose transfers 3 carbon units. |
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| 314. |
The connective tissue that surrounds individual fibers is __________(a) Fascia(b) Epimysium(c) Endomysium(d) Perimysium |
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Answer» The correct choice is (c) Endomysium Explanation: Endomysium is present in between one muscle cell and other. |
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| 315. |
Which out of the following is not a neurotransmitter?(a) Noadrenaline(b) Cyclic AMP(c) Dopamine(d) Acetyl choline |
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Answer» Right choice is (b) Cyclic AMP Explanation: Cyclic AMP is a secondary messenger molecule controlled by hormones and neurotransmitters. |
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| 316. |
Autophosphorylation is done on _________(a) His residues(b) Ser/Thr residues(c) Cys residues(d) Lys residues |
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Answer» Correct option is (b) Ser/Thr residues Explanation: Autophosphorylation is done on Ser/Thr residues. |
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| 317. |
Which of the following statements is not true about olfactory neurons?(a) Axons of olfactory neurons combine to form olfactory nerves(b) They synapse with cells in olfactory bulb(c) They have receptors that react with odorants dissolved in fluid(d) They are uni-polar neurons |
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Answer» Correct answer is (d) They are uni-polar neurons The explanation: Olfactory neurons are bipolar neurons. |
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| 318. |
Chemical compounds involved in the process of metabolism is known as |
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Answer» Metabolites are the chemical compounds which take part in the process of metabolism. |
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| 319. |
What does first law of thermodynamics state?(a) Energy can neither be destroyed nor created(b) Energy cannot be 100 percent efficiently transformed from one type to another(c) All living organisms are composed of cells(d) Input of heat energy increases the rate of movement of atoms and molecules |
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Answer» Correct option is (a) Energy can neither be destroyed nor created The best I can explain: First law of thermodynamics can also be termed as law of conservation of energy which states that energy can neither be destroyed nor created but can be transformed from one form of energy to another. |
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| 320. |
Which is an example of electromagnetic to electrical energy conversion that occurs in living organisms?(a) ATP-driven muscle contraction(b) ATP-dependent photon emission in fireflies(c) light-induced electron flow in chloroplasts(d) ATP-driven active transport across a membrane |
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Answer» The correct option is (c) light-induced electron flow in chloroplasts Best explanation: ATP-driven muscle contraction is an example for chemical to mechanical energy conversion. ATP-dependent photon emission in fireflies is an example for chemical to electromagnetic energy conversion. ATP-driven active transport across a membrane is an example for chemical to osmotic energy conversion. |
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| 321. |
Which of the following statements is false about proteoglycans?(a) They hold less amount of water(b) Chondroitin sulfate is a proteoglycan(c) They possess charge(d) They are made of amino acids and sugars |
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Answer» Correct choice is (a) They hold less amount of water Easiest explanation: They hold large amounts of water. |
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| 322. |
Which of the following are the structural polysaccharides?(a) Glycogen(b) Starch(c) Chitin(d) Glucose |
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Answer» The correct answer is (c) Chitin The best explanation: Chitin and cellulose are known as structural polysaccharides. |
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| 323. |
Short sub-sequence of a cDNA sequence is ____________(a) Expressed sequence tag(b) Sequence tagged site(c) Contig(d) YAC |
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Answer» The correct option is (a) Expressed sequence tag Explanation: Sequence tagged site is a short DNA sequence having single occurrence in genome. Cotig is a set of overlapping DNA segments that together represent a consensus region of DNA. YAC is a linear DNA molecule. |
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| 324. |
Which of the following group of membrane lipids predominate in plant cells?(a) Galactolipids(b) Sphingolipids(c) Glycerophospholipids(d) Archaebacterial ether lipids |
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Answer» Right choice is (a) Galactolipids For explanation: Galactolipids are the lipids predominant in the chloroplasts of plants. |
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| 325. |
Mobile phase can be ___________(a) Only solid(b) Only gas(c) Solid or liquid(d) Liquid or gas |
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Answer» Correct answer is (d) Liquid or gas To explain I would say: Only liquids and gases can flow through to act as a mobile phase. |
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| 326. |
Which of the following bonds are not involved in tertiary type of protein structure?(a) Disulfide bond(b) Hydrogen bonding(c) Salt bridges(d) Hydrophilic interactions |
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Answer» The correct choice is (d) Hydrophilic interactions Best explanation: Hydrophobic interactions are present in tertiary type of protein structure. |
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| 327. |
If pK1 = 2.34 and pK2 = 9.60, then the isoelectric point pI is?(a) 5.87(b) 5.97(c) 3.67(d) 11.94 |
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Answer» The correct choice is (b) 5.97 To explain I would say: pI = ^1⁄2 (pK1 + pK2) = ^1⁄2 (2.34 + 9.60) = 5.97. |
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| 328. |
Unfolding of regular secondary protein structure causes ____________(a) Large decrease in the entropy of the protein(b) Little increase in the entropy of protein(c) No change in the entropy of the protein(d) Large increase in the entropy of the protein |
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Answer» Correct choice is (d) Large increase in the entropy of the protein For explanation: Entropy increases on a larger scale when unfolding of secondary protein structure takes place. |
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| 329. |
Which of the following statements is true about two-dimensional electrophoresis?(a) Separates proteins of identical molecular weight, same pI but different charge(b) Separates proteins of different molecular weight and different pI(c) Separates proteins of identical molecular weight that differ in pI(d) Isoelectric focusing is also termed as two-dimensional electrophoresis |
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Answer» The correct choice is (c) Separates proteins of identical molecular weight that differ in pI Explanation: SDS gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing together make up the process of two-dimensional electrophoresis. It separates proteins of identical molecular weight that differ in pI, or proteins with similar pI values but different molecular weights. |
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| 330. |
Buffer capacity is maximum when __________(a) One mole of NH4Cl is added to two moles of NH4OH(b) One mole of NH4Cl is added to one moles of NH4OH(c) One mole of NH4Cl is added to one mole of NaOH(d) One mole of NaCl is added to one mole of NaOH |
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Answer» Right choice is (b) One mole of NH4Cl is added to one moles of NH4OH For explanation: Buffer has more capacity when pH = pKa. |
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| 331. |
Which of the following is a correct relation?(a) Kd [L] = ^[PL] ⁄ [P](b) Kd [L] = ^[P] ⁄ [PL](c) Kd [L] = [PL] × [P](d) Kd [PL] = ^[L] ⁄ [P] |
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Answer» The correct choice is (a) Kd [L] = ^[PL] ⁄ [P] Explanation: The term Kd is a dissociation constant Ka [L] = ^[P] [L] ⁄ [PL]. |
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| 332. |
Which of the following information is responsible to specify the three-dimensional shape of a protein?(a) The protein’s peptide bond(b) The protein’s amino acid sequence(c) The protein’s interaction with other polypeptides(d) The protein’s interaction with molecular chaperons |
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Answer» Right option is (b) The protein’s amino acid sequence For explanation: The amino acid sequence of a protein determines its three-dimensional shape. |
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| 333. |
Which of the following involves carrying genetic information from DNA for protein synthesis?(a) m-RNA(b) t-RNA(c) r-RNA(d) sn-RNA |
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Answer» Right answer is (a) m-RNA The best I can explain: Messenger RNA carries genetic information from DNA for protein synthesis. |
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| 334. |
What are the inputs to one cycle of urea cycle?(a) One molecule of CO2, one molecule of ammonia, three molecules of ATP and one molecule of aspartic acid(b) One molecule of urea, one molecule of AMP, two molecules of ADP and one molecule of fumaric acid(c) One molecule of aspartic acid, one molecule of ammonia, one molecule of ATP and one molecule of fumaric acid(d) Two molecules of urea, two molecules of ammonia, one molecule of ATP and one molecule of fumaric acid |
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Answer» Correct choice is (a) One molecule of CO2, one molecule of ammonia, three molecules of ATP and one molecule of aspartic acid For explanation I would say: One molecule of CO2, one molecule of ammonia, three molecules of ATP and one molecule of aspartic acid are the inputs to one cycle of urea cycle. |
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| 335. |
Which of the following is the prosthetic group of NADH dehydrogenase?(a) NADH(b) FAD(c) NADPH(d) FMN |
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Answer» The correct answer is (d) FMN Explanation: NADH initially binds to complex I and transfers two electrons to the flavin mononucleotide (FMN) prosthetic group of the enzyme creating FMNH2. |
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| 336. |
Which of the following membranes contain low cholesterol and high cardiolipin?(a) Myelin sheath(b) Plasma membrane(c) Inner mitochondrial membrane of hepatocyte(d) Cell wall |
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Answer» Right answer is (c) Inner mitochondrial membrane of hepatocyte Easy explanation: Inner mitochondrial membrane contains low cholesterol and high cardiolipin. Plasma membrane has high cholesterol and low cardiolipin. |
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| 337. |
Which among the following is a non-essential amino acid?(a) Serine(b) Threonine(c) Lysine(d) Histidine |
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Answer» Correct choice is (a) Serine To elaborate: Serine is one of the 11 non-essential amino acids. |
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| 338. |
Calculate the pH of a mixture of 0.10M acetic acid and 0.20M sodium acetate. The pKa of acetic acid is 4.76.(a) 5.1(b) 4.1(c) 6.1(d) 7.1 |
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Answer» Correct choice is (a) 5.1 The explanation: pH = pKa + log [acetate]/[acetic acid] = 4.76 + log (0.2/0.1) = 4.76 + 0.30 = 5.1. |
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| 339. |
Which of the following is false?(a) Heme consists of a complex organic ring structure, protoporphyrin(b) Protoporphyrin is bound to a single iron atom in its Fe^+3 state(c) Iron atom has 6 coordination bonds(d) Heme is found in a number of oxygen transporting proteins |
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Answer» Correct choice is (b) Protoporphyrin is bound to a single iron atom in its Fe^+3 state Easiest explanation: Protoporphyrin is bound to a single iron atom in its Fe^+2 state. |
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| 340. |
Which is the enzyme that acts as a regulatory enzyme in a four-step metabolic pathway?(a) First enzyme(b) Fourth enzyme(c) Second enzyme(d) Third enzyme |
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Answer» The correct choice is (a) First enzyme The best explanation: First reaction is the best place to regulate a metabolic pathway. So, the first enzyme acts as the regulatory enzyme. |
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| 341. |
Which out of the following statements is true about the regulation of metabolic pathway?(a) Most of the metabolic pathways are regulated(b) Most of the metabolic pathways are not regulated(c) Regulation of metabolic pathways always involves changing the amount of enzymes(d) Metabolic regulation always depends on control by hormones |
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Answer» The correct answer is (a) Most of the metabolic pathways are regulated Easiest explanation: According to the physiological needs, rate of metabolism needs to be changed. |
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| 342. |
Which of the following statements regarding cyclins is not correct?(a) They can become linked to ubiquitin(b) They catalyze the phosphorylation of protein(c) They contain a specific amino acid sequence that target them for proteolysis(d) They are activated and degraded during cell cycle |
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Answer» Right choice is (d) They are activated and degraded during cell cycle Easy explanation: They activate cdk enzymes. |
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| 343. |
Platelet activating factor stimulates the release of which of the following compounds?(a) Vasopressin(b) Serotonin(c) Adrenaline(d) Cortisol |
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Answer» Right answer is (b) Serotonin To explain I would say: Platelet activating factor stimulates the release of serotonin. |
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| 344. |
What is the head-group alcohol in plasmolegen and platelet-activating factor?(a) Alkene(b) Choline(c) Alkane(d) Acetic acid |
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Answer» The correct option is (b) Choline For explanation I would say: Choline is the head-group alcohol in plasmolegen and platelet-activating factor. |
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| 345. |
At the end of each phase of cell cycle cyclins activating Cdks in that phase are inactivated irreversibly by _____________(a) Multiple phosphorylations(b) De-phosphorylation(c) Ubiquitinylation(d) Destabilizing by proteolysis in a proteosome |
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Answer» Right option is (d) Destabilizing by proteolysis in a proteosome The explanation: At the end of each phase of cell cycle, cyclins are inactivated irreversibly by destabilizing by proteolysis in a proteasome. |
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| 346. |
As folding progresses which of the following does not take place?(a) Entropy decreases(b) Amount of protein in native state increases(c) Free energy increases(d) Amount of protein in native state decreases |
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Answer» Correct choice is (d) Amount of protein in native state decreases To explain: As folding progresses, entropy decreases, amount of protein in native state increases and free energy increases. |
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| 347. |
What is the factor that is responsible for salts like NaCl to dissolve in water easily?(a) Decrease in entropy(b) Increase in entropy(c) Increase in enthalpy(d) Decrease in enthalpy |
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Answer» Right choice is (b) Increase in entropy Easy explanation: As a salt such as NaCl dissolves, the Na^+ and Cl^– ions leaves the crystal lattice resulting in an increase in entropy(randomness) of the system which is largely responsible for the ease of dissolving salts such as NaCl in water. |
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| 348. |
K1 and K2 for oxalic acid are 6.5×10^-2and 6.1×10^-5respectively. What will be the [OH^–] in a 0.01M solution of sodium oxalate?(a) 9.6×10^-6(b) 1.4×10^-1(c) 1.2×10^-6(d) 1.3×10^-8 |
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Answer» Correct option is (c) 1.2×10^-6 To explain: The hydrolysis of C2 O4^2- is as follows C2 O4^2-+ H2 O → HC2O^4- + OH^– |
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| 349. |
Which of the following are chaperons in E.coli?(a) Hsp70(b) Hsp40(c) DnaA(d) DnaK and DnaJ |
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Answer» The correct choice is (d) DnaK and DnaJ For explanation I would say: Hsp70 and Hsp40 are chaperons in eukaryotes. |
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| 350. |
Programmed cell death is termed as ___________(a) Metastasis(b) Apoptosis(c) Proliferation(d) Mitotic termination |
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Answer» The correct answer is (b) Apoptosis Explanation: Apoptosis can also be termed as programmed cell death. |
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