Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

The correct answer is (C) 0.9

1. Respiration is considered as a catabolic process; however, it is not entirely correct in case of Krebs cycle. 

2. Many reactions of Krebs cycle involve oxidation of acetyl CoA to release energy and CO₂ . 

3. However, the breakdown of respiratory substrates provides intermediates like a-ketoglutarate, oxaloacetate are used as precursors for synthesis of fatty acids, glutamic acid and aspartic acid respectively.

4. Thus, as the same respiratory process acts as catabolic as well as anabolic pathway for synthesis of various intermediate metabolic products, it is called amphibolic pathway.

1. The conversion of pyruvic acid to acetyl CoA is an oxidative decarboxylation reaction. 

2. It is catalyzed by a multienzyme complex-pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH). This enzyme is present in mitochondria of eukaryotes and cytosol of prokaryotes. 

3. This reaction is called as ‘connecting link’ reaction between glycolysis and Krebs cycle.

1. The conversion of pyruvic acid to acetyl CoA is an oxidative decarboxylation reaction. 

2. It is catalyzed by a multienzyme complex-pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH). This enzyme is present in mitochondria of eukaryotes and cytosol of prokaryotes. 

3. This reaction is called as ‘connecting link’ reaction between glycolysis and Krebs cycle.

The food turns into a smooth porridge like consistency called chyme. This is formed in Stomach

(D) 4 – 5 hours

A) i – villate papillae, ii – foliate papillae, iii- fungi form papillae

Answer is (C) 3

C) Press the tongue slowly against the palate

B) 5th cranial nerve

D) P – saliva, Q – salivary glands, R – mouth

The teeth which are used for tearing the food are Canines

D) 2/2, 1/1, 2/2, 3/3

The long teeth present in carnivores are Canines

C) 5^th Cranial nerve 

Answer is (D) Vinegar

The type of teeth used to tear a sugarcane Canines

A) a, b both are true

Answer is (D) Molars

Hormone leptin suppresses hunger.

Selective absorption is involved in absorbing nutrients from food.

Oxygen is very important for life, we humans cannot survive without oxygen. Glycolysis, link reaction and Krebs cycle do not involve oxygen. In cellular reaction, oxygen is required only during ETS where it acts as an electron acceptor hence leading to terminal oxidation where it gets converted into water called metabolic water.

The process of respiration is very fast and occurs continuously as cell require continuous supply of energy to carry out metabolic activities, thus, we require oxygen for cellular respiration even when we are sleeping.

The hunger pangs continue up to 30 to 45 minutes.

Finger-like projections called villi absorb nutrients from the food in small intestine.

Answer is (D) Glucose

The hormone which suppresses the hunger is Leptin

Answer is (C) Ghrelin

The food from the esophagus reaches the stomach by peristaltic movements

The gastric juice produced by the stomach contains mucus, hydrochloric acid, and pepsin. Food is completely digested in the small intestine.

The partially digested food present in the stomach is known as chyme.

Contraction and relaxation of the muscles present in the esophagus resulting in wavelike movements called peristaltic movements.

Saliva is secreted by the action of the autonomous nervous system from salivary glands. The chewing of food in the mouth forms a slurry mass called a bolus.

The nature of saliva is alkaline.

Absorption of nutrients by villi takes place in the small intestine.

Reverse peristalsis occurs in ruminating animals like cows.

Pyloric Sphincter: Muscles present at the opening of the stomach and the first part of the small intestine and duodenum.

1. Leptin: It is the hormone that suppresses hunger.
2. Gustatory: Concerned with tasting or the sense of taste.
3. Chemoreceptors: Sensory cells or organs responsive to chemical stimuli.
4. Papillae: One of the certain small protuberances concerned with the senses of touch, taste, and smell.
5. Food Bolus: A small rounded mass of substance, especially of chewed food at the moment of swallowing.
6. Peristalsis: Contraction and relaxation of circular and longitudinal muscles in the esophagus bring a wave Like motion that propels the food bolus into the stomach by the action called peristalsis.

Ghrelin: It is a hormone produced mainly by the cells lining the human stomach and cells of the pancreas which stimulate hunger.

Respiration is controlled by the medulla oblongata of the autonomous nervous system.

Digestion occurs in the food canal, coordination of respiration and blood circulation is necessary otherwise oxidation of food and transport of substances will not take place.

Rumination in cow is the result of reverse peristalsis.

Villi: These are tiny finger-like projections that enable the small intestine to absorb nutrients from food.

PorrIdge: It is a dish made by boiling ground, crushed or chopped cereal In water, milk, or both.

Belching: It is the emission of wind noisily from the stomach through the mouth.

MasticatIon: Biting and grinding food in our mouth so it becomes soft enough to swallow.

Munch: To chew with the steady or vigorous working of the jaws, often audibly

(i) Errors of Omission: 

(a) Error of complete omission 

(b) Error of partial omission

(ii) Errors of Commission: 

(a) Posting to wrong account 

(b) Posting of wrong account 

(c) Posting to the wrong side

. Error of omission 

2. Error of commission 

3. Error of principle

Errors means recording or classifying or summarising the accounting transactions wrongly or omissions to record them by a clerk or an accountant unintentionally.

1. One – sided errors: When preparing the trial’balance, if the total of debit balances and credit balances are not the same, there is disagreement of trial balance. 

2. Two – sided errors: Rectification of two – sided errors at the time of preparing the trial balance is just similar to that of their rectification before preparation of trial balance.