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1. Being less dense than water means that it would float on an ocean big enough to contain it.

2. Saturn is the only planet in the Solar System that is less dense than water.

3. Since Saturn is lighter that water, it can float on water.

Unlike planets Pluto share its orbit with other planets.

The second-largest planet in the solar system is Saturn

The fifth-largest planet in the Solar system is Earth

1. Galaxy

2. Magellanic clouds/Andromeda

3. Venus

4. Earth

5. Leap year

(c) Milky Way

US President Woodrow Wilson played the most important role in the establishment of the League of Nations.

C. The American President, E D. Roosevelt

The American President who took a lead for the establishment of the League of Nations Woodrow Wilson.

To maintain international peace and security.

The country that has a free international border with India Nepal

Mars appears red in colour.

The inner planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars.

1. Sunlight travels at the speed of light.

2. Photons emitted from the surface of the Sun need to travel across the vacuum of space to reach our eyes.

3. It takes sunlight to an average time of 8 minutes and 20 seconds to travel from the Sun to Earth.

Rotation is the spinning movement of the Earth on its axis

(b) 1 is wrong, II is true

1. Jovian Planets or Gaseous Giantsl

2. Mercury

3. Venus

4. Earth

5. 150 million kilometer’

6. Mars

7. Fourth

8. Jupiter

9. 62

10. less than

1. It takes the earth 365 1/4 days to complete one orbit around the sun.

2. It is the movement of the Earth around the Sun on its elliptical path.

3. priya is 12 years old. She would have revolved around the Sun 12 times.

1. The solar system is gravitationally bound system.

2. It comprises of the Sun, the eight planets, dwarf planets, satellites, comets, asteroids and meteors.

The eight planets revolve in their respective orbits because of the gravitational pull of the Sun.

Yes. In Tamil literature, Sirupanatruppadai, it is mentioned that the Sun is surrounded by planets.

1. (d)

2. (e)

3. (a)

4. (b)

5. (c)

Mars appears red in colour due to presence of iron oxide on its surface.

D. On 24^th October, 1945

1. Uranus, the other three rotate anti-clockwise.

2. Titan,Titan is a moon. Other three are Dwarf planets.

3. Sol, it a Roman word. Other three are Greek words.

4. Mercury, R doesn’t have any moon. Other three have moons.

5. Pluto, R is a dwarf planet. Other three are satellites of Jupiter

Satellites are celestial objects, which revolve around the planets.

Mr. Kurt Waldheim of Austria.

Dag Hammarskjold of Sweden, died on September 18, 1961, during a Congo Mission.

Economic and Social Council:

(i) The main objective of this organisation is to coordinate the economic and social policies of the United Nations.

(ii) The Council has 54 members. They are selected by the General Assembly.

(iii) Each member has a tenure of three years and each year, one third of the members are newly chosen.

Decisions are taken by majority vote.

(iv) Functions:

• Initiate discussions at the global level on issues like poverty, unemployment, economic and social inequality and suggest policies to tackle these problems.
• Discuss issues like women’s questions, empowerment of women, human rights, fundamental freedoms, global trade, health related issues, etc. and make decisions. 
• Make efforts to establish cultural and educational cooperation at the international level.
• Coordinate the functioning of the different organisations working in association with the United Nations.

1. Asteroids are small solid objects that move around the Sun.

2. They are found as a belt between the Mars and Jupiter.

3. They are too small to be called as planets

Inner or Terrestrial Planets 

1. Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars. 

2. They are comparatively smaller in size.

3. They are composed of rocks. The surface of the inner planets has mountains, volcanoes and craters.

4. None of the inner planets have rings orbiting them

Outer Planets or Jovian Planets , or Gaseous Giants

1. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune.

2. They are huge in size.

3. Most of them are made of gas.

4. All of the outer plants have rings orbiting them.

The inclination of the Earth on its axis and its revolution around the Sun cause different seasons.

The changing position of the Earth in its orbit during revolution gives this impression.

1. Mercury 

2. Venus 

3. Earth 

4. Mars 

5. Jupiter 

6. Saturn 

7. Uranus and 

8. Neptune are the planets.

Phobos and Deimos are the two natural satellites of Mars

League of Nations was established after the World War I in 1920, in order to maintain peace and security in the world at an international level.

False

• China is one of the five permanent members of the UN and the permanent members have veto power. 
• If even one of the five permanent members uses it’s veto i.e. gives a negative vote, the decision cannot be taken.

True. 

• India has always sent her troops to participate in the United Nations peacekeeping forces. 
• India has participated in bringing issues like decolonisation, disarmament, racial segregation on the United Nations platform.

The United Nations is the world’s largest international organisation. 

The reasons for the establishment of the United Nations are:

(i) Two World Wars were fought at the beginning of the twentieth century. 

(ii) Life and property were destroyed on a large scale in these wars. 

(iii) As a result, the League of Nations was established after the First World War and the United Nations was established after the Second World War out of a realisation that there has to be a mechanism to establish world peace. 

(iv) The League of Nations did not succeed at all. 

(v) But after the use of the nuclear weapons in the . Second World War, the idea took root that such destructive wars should be stopped and that it is the collective responsibility of all nations to do so. 

(vi) The United Nations was established after the Second World War to instill this understanding among all nations. 

(vii) Hence, the United Nations, an international organisation was established to ensure peace and security at the international level

Asteroids

1. Small solid objects moving around the Sun.

2. Found as a belt between Mars and Jupiter. 

3. They are too small to be called planets.

4. They are also known as Minor Planets or Planetoids

Comets 

1. A celestial object made up of a head and tail.

2. The head of a comet consists of solid particles held together by ice and the tail is made of gases.

3. Halley’s comet comes Close to earth every 76 years.

The League of Nations could not protect weaker nations from being attacked by stronger ones. Therefore, it failed.

False. 

(i) The United Nations has six main organs: 

1. General Assembly 

2. Security Council 

3. Economic and Social Council 

4. International Court of Justice 

5. Trusteeship Council and 

6. Secretariat. 

(ii) UNICEF is an affiliated organisation of the United Nations. It works towards making nutritious food and health care available to children.

1. (i) Security Council has 5 permanent members and 10 non-permanent members. 

(ii) For any decision to be taken, the assent of all five permanent members and four non¬permanent members is necessary. 

(iii) America, Russia, England, France and China are permanent members of the Security Council. They have the veto power. 

(iv) If even one of the five permanent member uses its veto i.e. gives a negative vote, the decision cannot be taken

2. (i) UNICEF is an affiliated organisation of the United Nations. 

(ii) It works towards making nutritious food and health care available to children.

(iii) Several workshops were organised in India to find out measures to overcome malnutrition among babies and children.

C. In Washington

1. Venus rotates in the opposite direction to all other planets except Uranus.

2. It has no natural satellites.

3. It is often visible in the mornings and the evenings. So it is also known as Morning Star and the Evening Star.

1. Venus 

2. Sirius 

3. Io 

4. Dwarf planets 

5. Aeroptane

Answer is C. Korea

The General Assembly of United Nations (U.N.) can be called as ‘World Parliament’ because it is made of the representatives of all member nations of United Nations.

1. New York

2. Rome

3. Washington D.C.

4. Korean

5. World Peace

Answer is (a) 1 and 2