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Polythene and PVC are examples of Thermoplastics.

The Right option is : (b) Nylon

We should buy cotton shirts to wear in summers. This is because cotton absorbs sweat from our body and allows it to evaporate into the air. It also discourages the growth of bacteria and does not cause any skin allergies.

Efforts of government and nongovernment organisation:

1. Andhra Pradesh based NGO’s drawing court attention that 30 – 60 kg of plastic bags recovered from the stomache of cows. 

2. Private institutions in Kozikode, Kerala fighted against plastic wastes and their consequences on environment. 

3. Government has burned plastic carry bags less than 40 microns. 

4. Many non-government organisations are giving publicity about the harmful effects of plastics. They are encouraging people to use bags made of cotton. 

5. Various non-government organisations are collecting plastics from households and send it for recycling. 

6. Government is planning to solid plastic waste into resources such as electricity, heat, compost.

Correct option is C) Wool

Rana is advised to buy the cotton shirts for summer season because cotton absorbs the sweat and the pores in the cotton allows easy evaporation and keeps our body cool whereas synthetic fibres do not absorb the sweat and they are very uncomfortable to wear in summers.

Rana should buy shirts made from cotton. This is because cotton is a good absorber of water. It can soak the sweat coming out of our body and expose it to the environment. Thus, it helps in evaporating the liquid (sweat), thereby cooling our body.

Plastics take several years to decompose. Slow decomposition of plastics causes environment pollution. The polythene bags thrown around are responsible for clogging drains. The animals in urban areas are dying due to eating of polythene bags containing food material. They not only posed a great threat to nature and environment but also to the human race itself. The burning process of plastic is also very slow and cannot be burnt completely. The process of burning release a lot of poisonous fumes in to air causing air pollution. So plastics should be properly disposed that is recycling process is used.

We would suggest clothes made of acrylic. The reason is it is affordable and accessible. It is cheap and easily available. It has all the characteristics of wool so considered as artificial wool. So it is preferable to wear clothes made of acrylic in winter.

Nylon is used for making parachutes and rock climbing ropes.

Synthetic fibres are more comfortable and wrinkle free. They does not shrinks. They exists in different colours. They are less expensive. They absorb less water and dry at a faster rate. They exists in different designs. They are durable and readily available. Different synthetic fibre clothes are available for different seasons. Now synthetic fibres are essential part of our life. So synthetic fibres changed our life.

Synthetic fibres are used everywhere in the world due to their specific characteristics that is they are durable, less expensive, readily available, affordable and are easy for maintenance. So they are decreasing the boundaries of races. So synthetic fibres are one of the factor which make the people unite irrespective of culture and costumes.

(a) Hierarchical relationship between groups and components

(c) Easy to understand and leads to grouping of accounts

Cotton does not resist to higher weight and it is not strong. It is easily breakable with small weights. So nowadays fisherman are using nets which are made of nylon which resist to higher weights and are strong.

Nylon ropes are strong, elastic and lighter as compared to cotton and jute ropes.

Nylon is a man-made fibre which is commonly used for making ropes. Nylon fibres are strong, elastic and light. They are also durable. Jute is a natural fibre which is also used for making ropes.

We would prefer synthetic clothes generally because they are durable, less expensive, readily available, affordable, they absorb less water and dry at faster rate, they are lustrous and they are easy for maintenance. But we would not prefer for synthetic clothes for those who are working in the kitchens and laboratories. The reason is synthetic fibres are easily catch fire and the fabric melts and sticks to the body of the person who wears it.

Correct option is A) polyester

1. The synthetic fibres melt on heating. 

2. This is actually a disadvantage with synthetic fibres. 

3. If the cloth catches fire it can be very disastrous. 

4. The fabric melts and sticks to the body of the person wearing it. 

5. It is therefore advised not to wear synthetic clothes while working in a laboratory or working with fire in the kitchen.

Polyester is made by reacting dicarboxylic acid with dihydric alcohol. 

Advantages :

1. Polyester can be melted and spun. This property allows the fibre to convert into different sizes and shapes. 

2. They are altra thin, microfiber which gives them a smoothen and soft feel. 

3. They does not get wrinkled easily. 

4. It remains crisp and easily washable.

(d) The encryption of data

Correct option is D) above all

Correct option is B) Nylon

Nylon: Nylon is a polymer made of chemical units called polyamides which contain carbon, oxygen and nitrogen. Polyamides are melted and forced through a heated spinneret which has very, very tiny holes. The size and shape of the holes changes, the characteristics of the resulting fibre. The fibre solidifies as it cool and can be spun or woven.

Rayon: The cellulose that was collected from wood or bamboo pulp, is treated with several chemicals. First sodium hydroxide is added and then carbon disulphide to the cellulose. The cellulose dissolves in chemicals add to it and gives a syrup called viscose. Viscose is forced through a spinneret, into a solution of dilute sulphuric acid. This gives us silk like threads. The threads are cleaned with soap and dried. This new fibre is called rayon.

Acrylic: It is made from the combination of coal, air, water, oil and limestone. It is spun by either dry spinning or wet spinning. In dry spinning the dissolved polymers are extruded into warm air. The fibres solidify by evaporation. In wet spinning the polymers are dissolved and extruded into a bath and then dried.

Correct option is D) i, ii and iv

Synthetic fibres and plastics are made of large units called polymers.

Polymers are made up of many smaller units.

Melamine is a plastic which is fire resistable and flame resistant is used to make the dress of firemen.

a) Yes, each unit of paper clips or beads can be joined together to form a long chain structure.

b) It forms a large unit of polymer.

c) Synthetic fibres are obtained from polymers.

d) Petrochemicals.

Eugen Baumann (1846 – 1896):

• Polyvinyl chloride was first created by Eugen Baumann.
• He identified the source for aromatic compounds in urine being the aromatic amino acids such as tyrosine.
• He influenced organ o sulphur chemistry by the synthesis 

B) resin codes

Many small identical units combine to form a large unit is called polymer. The small units are called monomers.

Natural fibres are obtained from plants and animals.

Artificial fibres are obtained by chemical processing by petrochemicals.

The artificial fibres obtained from plant or animal source are called synthetic fibres. They are made by the raw materials obtained from petroleum, e.g.: Polyester, nylon and acrylic.

Correct option is C) Bakeland

A) Parkesine

C) I suggest her to wear cotton made clothes.

The word polymer was derived from Greek. Poly means many and mer means part/unit.

C) i, ii, iii and iv true

Human beings used to wear clothes made by natural fibres like cotton, wool, silk, etc. 

They do not have uniform thickness, they are costly, less durable, not readily avail¬able, they are not wrinkle free, they do not have water proof, they are not lustrous. So in order to avoid these advantages of natural fibres human beings made search for alternative for natural fibres

Rayon is different from synthetic fibres because: 

(b) It is obtained from wood pulp. 

Correct option is B) recycle

C) Recycle of plastic

The common name is : Rayon.

A) Poly Ethylene Terapthalate

Soft drinks are carbonated so they are stored in PET bottles which are nonreactive with carbonated drinks.

Correct option is D) None

Correct option is D) Above all

C) tetra chloro ethylene